Economy Stats: compare key data on Italy & Spain

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Budget > Revenues: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms
Budget surplus > + or deficit > -: This entry records the difference between national government revenues and expenditures, expressed as a percent of GDP. A positive (+) number indicates that revenues exceeded expenditures (a budget surplus), while a negative (-) number indicates the reverse (a budget deficit). Normalizing the data, by dividing the budget balance by GDP, enables easy comparisons across countries and indicates whether a national government saves or borrows money. Countries with high budget deficits (relative to their GDPs) generally have more difficulty raising funds to finance expenditures, than those with lower deficits.
Debt > Government debt > Public debt, share of GDP: Public debt as % of GDP (CIA).
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Overview: This entry briefly describes the type of economy, including the degree of market orientation, the level of economic development, the most important natural resources, and the unique areas of specialization. It also characterizes major economic events and policy changes in the most recent 12 months and may include a statement about one or two key future macroeconomic trends.
Exports: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
GDP: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
GDP > Per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
GDP > Per capita > PPP: This entry shows GDP on a purchasing power parity basis divided by population as of 1 July for the same year.
GDP > Purchasing power parity per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP per capita: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gross National Income: GNI, Atlas method (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and prop).
Inflation rate > Consumer prices: This entry furnishes the annual percent change in consumer prices compared with the previous year's consumer prices.
Population below poverty line: National estimates of the percentage of the population lying below the poverty line are based on surveys of sub-groups, with the results weighted by the number of people in each group. Definitions of poverty vary considerably among nations. For example, rich nations generally employ more generous standards of poverty than poor nations.
Public debt: This entry records the cumulatiive total of all government borrowings less repayments that are denominated in a country's home currency. Public debt should not be confused with external debt, which reflects the foreign currency liabilities of both the private and public sector and must be financed out of foreign exchange earnings.
Unemployment rate: This entry contains the percent of the labor force that is without jobs. Substantial underemployment might be noted.
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Services: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin, which shows where production takes place in an economy. The distribution gives the percentage contribution of agriculture, industry, and services to total GDP, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.
Exports per capita: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Distribution of family income > Gini index: This index measures the degree of inequality in the distribution of family income in a country. The index is calculated from the Lorenz curve, in which cumulative family income is plotted against the number of families arranged from the poorest to the ric
Human Development Index: The human development index values in this table were calculated using a consistent methodology and consistent data series. They are not strictly comparable with those in earlier Human Development Reports.
Tourist arrivals > Per capita: International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival." Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
GDP > Purchasing power parity: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller.
Currency > PPP conversion factor to official exchange rate ratio: Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amount of goods and services in the domestic market as a U.S. dollar would buy in the United States. Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar). The ratio of the PPP conversion factor to the official exchange rate (also referred to as the national price level) makes it possible to compare the cost of the bundle of goods that make up gross domestic product (GDP) across countries. It tells how many dollars are needed to buy a dollar's worth of goods in the country as compared to the United States.
Fiscal year: The beginning and ending months for a country's accounting period of 12 months, which often is the calendar year but which may begin in any month. All yearly references are for the calendar year (CY) unless indicated as a noncalendar fiscal year (FY).
GDP > Composition by sector > Industry: The gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods produced by the industrial sector within a nation in a given year. GDP dollar estimates in the Factbook are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. See the CIA World Factbook for more information.
Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$, period average: Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average). Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).
Inequality > GINI index: Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality."
Imports per capita: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gross National Income per capita: GNI, Atlas method (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and prop). Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual rate: Highest marginal tax rate (individual rate) is the highest rate shown on the schedule of tax rates applied to the taxable income of individuals.
Technology index: The technology index denotes the country's technological readiness. This index is created with such indicators as companies spending on R&D, the creativity of its scientific community, personal computer and internet penetration rates.
Development > Human Development Index: Human Development Index trends, 1980-2012.
GDP > Per capita > PPP per thousand people: This entry shows GDP on a purchasing power parity basis divided by population as of 1 July for the same year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Exports > Commodities: This entry provides a listing of the highest-valued exported products; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
Poverty and inequality > Richest quintile to poorest quintile ratio: The ratio of average income of the richest 20% of the population to the average income of the poorest 20% of the population.
Imports: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
Budget > Expenditures: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms
GINI index: Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold per capita: This entry gives the dollar value for the stock of all financial assets that are available to the central monetary authority for use in meeting a country's balance of payments needs as of the end-date of the period specified. This category includes not only foreign currency and gold, but also a country's holdings of Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund, and its reserve position in the Fund. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU: Net foreign assets (current LCU). Net foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. Data are in current local currency.
Tourist arrivals: International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival."
Budget > Revenues > Per capita: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Inbound tourism income > Current US$: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Tax > Tax rates: Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here."
GDP per person: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Exports > Main exports: Country main exports.
Budget > Revenues per capita: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Debt > External: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services.
Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Debt > External > Per capita: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
GDP > Composition by sector > Services: The gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final services produced within a nation in a given year. GDP dollar estimates in the Factbook are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. See the CIA World Factbook for more information.
Tax > GDP > Constant LCU: GDP (constant LCU). GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals per capita: International tourism, number of arrivals. International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
Consumer spending: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources."
Consumer price index: Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.
2000 = 100
GDP > Composition by sector > Agriculture: The gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods produced by the agricultural sector within a nation in a given year. GDP dollar estimates in the Factbook are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. See the CIA World Factbook for more information.
GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
Industries: A rank ordering of industries starting with the largest by value of annual output.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Imports of goods and services: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition
New businesses registered > Number > Per capita: New businesses registered are the number of new firms, defined as firms registered in the current year of reporting." Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
GDP per capita > Constant LCU: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US: Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Labor force: This entry contains the total labor force figure.
Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum: US imports of bauxite and aluminum, USD Thousands, 2004
GDP > Real growth rate: GDP growth on an annual basis adjusted for inflation and expressed as a percent.
Debt > Government debt > Gross government debt, share of GDP: Gross government debt as % of GDP (IMF).
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Debt > Central government debt, total > Current LCU: Central government debt, total (current LCU). Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year.
International tourism > Number of arrivals: International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited.
Economic growth > Per capita: Annual percentage growth rate of GDP per capita based on constant local currency. GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant U.S. dollars.
GDP in 1970: Gross domestic product GDP by exchange rate billion US dollar in 1970.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number > Per capita: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Economic freedom: Index of 'economic freedom', according to the American organisation 'The Heritage Foundation'. It is worth noting that such indices are based on highly culturally contingent factors. This data makes a number of assumptions about 'freedom' and the role of the government that are not accepted by much of the world's population. A broad discussion of The Heritage Foundation's definition and methodology can be found at http://www.heritage.org/research/features/index/ChapterPDFs/chapter5.HTML.
GDP > Official exchange rate per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at offical exchange rates (OER) is the home-currency-denominated annual GDP figure divided by the bilateral average US exchange rate with that country in that year. The measure is simple to compute and gives a precise measure of the value of output. Many economists prefer this measure when gauging the economic power an economy maintains vis-a-vis its neighbors, judging that an exchange rate captures the purchasing power a nation enjoys in the international marketplace. Official exchange rates, however, can be artifically fixed and/or subject to manipulation - resulting in claims of the country having an under- or over-valued currency - and are not necessarily the equivalent of a market-determined exchange rate. Moreover, even if the official exchange rate is market-determined, market exchange rates are frequently established by a relatively small set of goods and services (the ones the country trades) and may not capture the value of the larger set of goods the country produces. Furthermore, OER-converted GDP is not well suited to comparing domestic GDP over time, since appreciation/depreciation from one year to the next will make the OER GDP value rise/fall regardless of whether home-currency-denominated GDP changed. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Stock of direct foreign investment > At home: This entry gives the cumulative US dollar value of all investments in the home country made directly by residents - primarily companies - of other countries as of the end of the time period indicated. Direct investment excludes investment through purchase of shares.
Current account balance: This entry records a country's net trade in goods and services, plus net earnings from rents, interest, profits, and dividends, and net transfer payments (such as pension funds and worker remittances) to and from the rest of the world during the period specified. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
Trade > Imports per capita: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Currency: The national medium of exchange and its basic sub-unit.
Current account balance > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods, services, net income, and net current transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GNI per capita: Country GNI per capita.
GDP > Purchasing power parity > Per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Companies > Listed domestic companies, total: Listed domestic companies, total. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. This indicator does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles.
Trade > Exports per capita: The total US dollar amount of exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Business > Companies > Corporate governance (overall rating): Overall rating of each country's adherence to the corporate governance guidelines set forth in three prominent economical essays. The ratings are out of 10, with 10 meaning full adherence.
Current account balance per capita: This entry records a country's net trade in goods and services, plus net earnings from rents, interest, profits, and dividends, and net transfer payments (such as pension funds and worker remittances) to and from the rest of the world during the period specified. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals: International tourism, number of arrivals. International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival.
Gross national saving: Gross national saving is derived by deducting final consumption expenditure (household plus government) from Gross national disposable income, and consists of personal saving, plus business saving (the sum of the capital consumption allowance and retained business profits), plus government saving (the excess of tax revenues over expenditures), but excludes foreign saving (the excess of imports of goods and services over exports). The figures are presented as a percent of GDP. A negative number indicates that the economy as a whole is spending more income than it produces, thus drawing down national wealth (dissaving).
Tax > GDP > Constant LCU per capita: GDP (constant LCU). GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels: Gross Value Added by Kind of Economic Activity at current prices - US dollars.
Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita: Market capitalization of listed companies (current US$). Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Budget > Expenditures per capita: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Reserves > Total reserves > Includes gold, current US$: Total reserves (includes gold, current US$). Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Exchange rates: The official value of a country's monetary unit at a given date or over a given period of time, as expressed in units of local currency per US dollar and as determined by international market forces or official fiat.
Debt > External per capita: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Size of economy > Share of world GDP : Percent of world GDP (exchange rates).
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Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Exports > Partners: This entry provides a rank ordering of trading partners starting with the most important; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
GDP > Official exchange rate: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at offical exchange rates (OER) is the home-currency-denominated annual GDP figure divided by the bilateral average US exchange rate with that country in that year. The measure is simple to compute and gives a precise measure of the value of output. Many economists prefer this measure when gauging the economic power an economy maintains vis-a-vis its neighbors, judging that an exchange rate captures the purchasing power a nation enjoys in the international marketplace. Official exchange rates, however, can be artifically fixed and/or subject to manipulation - resulting in claims of the country having an under- or over-valued currency - and are not necessarily the equivalent of a market-determined exchange rate. Moreover, even if the official exchange rate is market-determined, market exchange rates are frequently established by a relatively small set of goods and services (the ones the country trades) and may not capture the value of the larger set of goods the country produces. Furthermore, OER-converted GDP is not well suited to comparing domestic GDP over time, since appreciation/depreciation from one year to the next will make the OER GDP value rise/fall regardless of whether home-currency-denominated GDP changed.
GDP per capita > PPP > Constant 2000 international $: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 international dollars.
Investment > Gross fixed: This entry records total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes invesment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital.
Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate: Interest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits.
Income receipts > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Income receipts refer to employee compensation paid to resident workers working abroad and investment income (receipts on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is excluded from income and recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Bank liquid > Reserves to bank assets ratio: Ratio of bank liquid reserves to bank assets is the ratio of domestic currency holdings and deposits with the monetary authorities to claims on other governments, nonfinancial public enterprises, the private sector, and other banking institutions.
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Corporate rate: Highest marginal tax rate (corporate rate) is the highest rate shown on the schedule of tax rates applied to the taxable income of corporations.
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Industry: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin, which shows where production takes place in an economy. The distribution gives the percentage contribution of agriculture, industry, and services to total GDP, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.
Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Exports of goods and services (constant 2000 US$). Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Debt > Net domestic credit > Current LCU: Net domestic credit (current LCU). Net domestic credit is the sum of net claims on the central government and claims on other sectors of the domestic economy (IFS line 32). Data are in current local currency.
Government spending: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars."
Net current transfers from abroad > Constant LCU: Current transfers comprise transfers of income between residents of the reporting country and the rest of the world that carry no provisions for repayment. Net current transfers from abroad is equal to the unrequited transfers of income from nonresidents to residents minus the unrequited transfers from residents to nonresidents. Data are in constant local currency.
Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows in the reporting economy. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP > Current LCU: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current local currency.
High-technology > Exports > Current US$ > Per capita: High-technology exports are products with high research and development intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Data are in current U.S. dollars." Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Agriculture: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin, which shows where production takes place in an economy. The distribution gives the percentage contribution of agriculture, industry, and services to total GDP, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.
Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita: Gross domestic savings (current US$). Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Net barter terms of trade: Net barter terms of trade are the ratio of the export price index to the corresponding import price index measured relative to the base year 2000.
2000 = 100
Tax > Tax payments > Number: Tax payments (number). Tax payments by businesses are the total number of taxes paid by businesses, including electronic filing. The tax is counted as paid once a year even if payments are more frequent.
Tax > Components of taxation > Personal income tax: Personal Income tax as a percentage of total tax collected by the country. Data is for 2002.
Real interest rate: Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator.
Royalty and license fees > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Royalty and license fees are payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of intangible, nonproduced, nonfinancial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals of prototypes (such as films and manuscripts). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 million $ gross domestic product.
Gross domestic savings: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Inflation: Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used."
Investment > External financial assets per capita: Financial assets in 2013 EUR billions. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Outbound tourist spending: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These expenditures may include those by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include expenditures for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $ per capita: GNI, PPP (current international $). PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Current international $: GNI per capita, PPP (current international $). GNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GNI is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
Inequality > Gini coefficient > Level: Income is defined as household disposable income in a particular year. It consists of earnings, self-employment and capital income and public cash transfers; income taxes and social security contributions paid by households are deducted. The income of the household is attributed to each of its members, with an adjustment to reflect differences in needs for households of different sizes (i.e. the needs of a household composed of four people are assumed to be twice as large as those of a person living alone).
Income inequality among individuals is measured here by five indicators. The Gini Coefficient is based on the comparison of cumulative proportions of the population against cumulative proportions of income they receive, and it ranges between 0 in the case of perfect equality and 1 in the case of perfect inequality. The mean log deviation is the average value of the logarithm of the ratio of mean income to the income of each decile. The squared coefficient of variation is the variance of average income of each decile, divided by the square of the average income of the entire population. The P90/P10 ratio is the ratio of the upper bound value of the ninth decile (i.e. the 10% of people with highest income) to that of the first. The P50/P10 ratio is the ratio of median income to the upper bound value of the first decile. The mean log deviation and inter-decile ratios have a lower value of 1 and no upper bound, while the squared coefficient of variation has a lower bound of 0 and upper bound of infinity.
Poverty > Poverty by individual and household characteristics > Poverty rate > Children: Group-specific poverty rates are headcounts of how many people of a population group fall below the poverty line, in percentage of the total number in that population group. The poverty line used here is 50% of the median household disposable income, adjusted for household size. Children are persons with less than 18 years of age, working-age people are persons between age 18 and 65 and adults are persons aged 18 and over. A worker is an adult with a non-zero annual earning or self-employment income. In addition to poverty rates, indicators show here include the poverty risk (i.e. the age-specific poverty rate divided by the poverty rate for the entire population, times 100) and the share of various population groups that are counted as poor.
Income is defined as household disposable income in a particular year. It consists of earnings, self-employment and capital income and public cash transfers; income taxes and social security contributions paid by households are deducted. The income of the household is attributed to each of its members, with an adjustment to reflect differences in needs for households of different sizes (i.e. the needs of a household composed of four people are assumed to be twice as large as those of a person living alone).
Tax > Total tax wedge > Single worker: The percentage of gross earnings given up in tax, including any social security contributions. Calculated for a single worker without children, earning 100 % of the average wage. Data for 2001, and only for selected OECD countries.
IKEA > First store opening year: Date the first IKEA store, a home products retail chain, was opened in different countries.
GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure per capita: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Productivity > GDP per hour worked: Figures for 2005. The Conference Board, Labor Productivity and Per Capita Income Levels and the Effects of Working Hours and Labor Utilization, 2009.
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: This entry gives the dollar value for the stock of all financial assets that are available to the central monetary authority for use in meeting a country's balance of payments needs as of the end-date of the period specified. This category includes not only foreign currency and gold, but also a country's holdings of Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund, and its reserve position in the Fund.
Size of economy > GDP > GDP growth: GDP growth (annual %).
GDP > Constant 2000 US$: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual > On income exceeding > US$: Highest marginal tax rate (individual rate) is the highest rate shown on the schedule of tax rates applied to the taxable income of individuals. This series presents the income levels for individuals above which the highest marginal tax rates levied at the national level apply.
International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$ per capita: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These may include expenditures by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Purchasing power parity conversion factor > LCU per international $: Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amounts of goods and services in the domestic market as U.S. dollar would buy in the United States.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Household consumption: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition.
Poverty and inequality > Income inequality 1993-2011: Income inequality 1993-2011 (latest available).
Current transfers > Receipts > BoP > Current US$: Current transfers (receipts) are recorded in the balance of payments whenever an economy receives goods, services, income, or financial items without a quid pro quo. All transfers not considered to be capital are current. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Innovation > Patent applications, residents per million: Patent applications, residents. Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU: Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (current LCU). Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation.
Debt > Net current transfers from abroad > Current LCU: Net current transfers from abroad (current LCU). Current transfers comprise transfers of income between residents of the reporting country and the rest of the world that carry no provisions for repayment. Net current transfers from abroad is equal to the unrequited transfers of income from nonresidents to residents minus the unrequited transfers from residents to nonresidents. Data are in current local currency.
Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP: Net government debt as % of GDP (IMF).
Saving rate: ""Saving rate"" or gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers."
GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
International tourism > Number of departures: International outbound tourists are the number of departures that people make from their country of usual residence to any other country for any purpose other than a remunerated activity in the country visited.
Economic aid > Donor: The net official development assistance (ODA) from Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) nations to developing countries and multilateral organizations. ODA is defined as financial assistance that is concessional in character, has the main objective to promote economic development and welfare of the less developed countries (LDCs), and contains a grant element of at least 25%. The entry does not cover other official flows (OOF) or private flows.
Consumption > Consumption by sector > Equals: Household final consumption expenditure: Total amount of money spent by nation's consumers, or households. Amount includes, but is not limited to, goods, rent, and government fees such as fines and permits. Also included are taxes and money spent by citizens while abroad.
Debt > Central government debt, total > Current LCU per capita: Central government debt, total (current LCU). Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Net income > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita: Net income refers to receipts and payments of employee compensation paid to nonresident workers and investment income (receipts and payments on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Poverty and inequality > Poorest's share in national income or consumption: Percentage of country's total income or consumption that belongs to the poorest 5% of its citizens.
Investment > External financial assets: Gross financial assets privately owned by residents of the country, mainly in the form of bank deposits, insurances and securities, in EUR.
Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU per capita: Net foreign assets (current LCU). Net foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Tax > GDP > Current LCU: GDP (current LCU). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current local currency.
Taxes > Total tax revenue > Total tax revenue: Taxes are defined as compulsory, unrequited payments to general government. They are unrequited in the sense that benefits provided by government to taxpayers are not normally in proportion to their payments.
Taxes on incomes and profits cover taxes levied on the net income or profits (gross income minus allowable tax reliefs) of individuals and enterprises. They also cover taxes levied on the capital gains of individuals and enterprises, and gains from gambling.
Taxes on goods and services cover all taxes levied on the production, extraction, sale, transfer, leasing or delivery of goods, and the rendering of services, or on the use of goods or permission to use goods or to perform activities. They consist mainly of value added and sales taxes.
Note that the sum of taxes on goods and services and taxes on income and profits is less than the figure for total tax revenues, which also includes payments by employers and employees made under compulsory social security schemes as well as payroll taxes, taxes related to the ownership and transfer of property, and other taxes.
GDP > PPP per capita: Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in Millions of International Dollars, 2004. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP in 1970 per million: Gross domestic product GDP by exchange rate billion US dollar in 1970. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
GNI: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Development > Human Development Index > Inequality adjusted: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
GDP > PPP: Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in Millions of International Dollars, 2004.
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Companies > Listed domestic companies, total per million: Listed domestic companies, total. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. This indicator does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Tax > GDP > Current US$ per capita: GDP (current US$). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Trade > Exports to US: in US dollars. Jan 2003 - March 2003
Industrial production growth rate: This entry gives the annual percentage increase in industrial production (includes manufacturing, mining, and construction).
Purchasing power parity > GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
World trade > Exports: Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture: This entry is derived from Economy > Labor force > By occupation, which lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by sector of occupation. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other economic activities that do not produce material goods. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete and may range from 99-101 percent due to rounding.
Additional details:
- Gibraltar: negligible (2013)
Bank capital to assets ratio: Bank capital to assets is the ratio of bank capital and reserves to total assets. Capital and reserves include funds contributed by owners, retained earnings, general and special reserves, provisions, and valuation adjustments. Capital includes tier 1 capital (paid-up shares and common stock), which is a common feature in all countries' banking systems, and total regulatory capital, which includes several specified types of subordinated debt instruments that need not be repaid if the funds are required to maintain minimum capital levels (these comprise tier 2 and tier 3 capital). Total assets include all nonfinancial and financial assets.
Labor force > By occupation > Services: This entry is derived from Economy > Labor force > By occupation, which lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by sector of occupation. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other economic activities that do not produce material goods. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete and may range from 99-101 percent due to rounding.
Companies > Stock market > Stocks traded, total value > Current US$ per capita: Stocks traded, total value (current US$). Stocks traded refers to the total value of shares traded during the period. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Lending interest rate: Lending interest rate is the rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers.
Industrial > Production growth rate: The annual percentage increase in industrial production (includes manufacturing, mining, and construction).
Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU per capita: Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (current LCU). Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$: Household final consumption expenditure per capita (constant 2000 US$). Household final consumption expenditure per capita (private consumption per capita) is calculated using private consumption in constant 2005 prices and World Bank population estimates. Household final consumption expenditure is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Tax > GDP per capita > Constant LCU: GDP per capita (constant LCU). GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Current international $: GDP per capita, PPP (current international $). GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
Technological achievement: Technology Achievement Index
Units: Score
Business > Companies > Specific companies > IKEA > Debut: The year in which the first IKEA opened in each country. The first IKEA opened in Sweden in 1958.
Currency > Real effective exchange rate index > 2005 = 100: Real effective exchange rate index (2005 = 100). Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs.
Net domestic credit > Current LCU: Net domestic credit is the sum of net credit to the nonfinancial public sector, credit to the private sector, and other accounts. Data are in current local currency.
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ per capita: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels per capita: Gross Value Added by Kind of Economic Activity at current prices - US dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars.
Household spending per capita: Household final consumption expenditure per capita (private consumption per capita) is calculated using private consumption in constant 2000 prices and World Bank population estimates. Household final consumption expenditure is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars."
Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$: Market capitalization of listed companies (current US$). Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Current account balance > BoP > Current US$: Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods, services, net income, and net current transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Trade > Imports: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
Currency > Real effective exchange rate index: Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs.
2000 = 100
Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$ > Period average: Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).
GDP > CIA Factbook per capita: . Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Oil > Exports: This entry is the total oil exported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products.
Additional details:
- Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,570 bbl/day (2007)
- Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,610 bbl/day (2009)
GDP > Composition, by end use > Exports of goods and services: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition .
Purchasing power parity > GNI per capita > PPP > Current international $: GNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GNI is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
Income > Health expenditure per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Health expenditure per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates.
Consumption > Consumption by sector > Equals: Household final consumption expenditure per capita: Total amount of money spent by nation's consumers, or households. Amount includes, but is not limited to, goods, rent, and government fees such as fines and permits. Also included are taxes and money spent by citizens while abroad. . Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (current US$). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Tax > GDP > Current LCU per capita: GDP (current LCU). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Debt > Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong per million: Strength of legal rights index (0=weak to 10=strong). Strength of legal rights index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. The index ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating that these laws are better designed to expand access to credit. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Oil > Production: This entry is the total oil produced in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors.
Economy growth: Measures growth in the economy or ""economy growth"". Annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources."
Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars.
Purchasing power parity > Gross domestic product per capita > PPP: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
Trade > Export value index: Export values are from UNCTAD's value indexes or from current values of merchandise exports.
2000 = 100
Debt > Interest payments > Current LCU: Interest payments (current LCU). Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents.
Innovation: Innovation
Units: Unitless Scale
Electricity > Consumption per capita: This entry consists of total electricity generated annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
GDP > CIA Factbook > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Household spending: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars."
Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure, PPP (constant 2005 international $). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are converted to constant 2005 international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Government consumption: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition
GDP > Per $ GDP: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure, etc. > Current US$: Household final consumption expenditure, etc. (current US$). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Entrepreneurship > Starting a Business > Index ranking: Doing Business records all generic procedures that are officially required for an entrepreneur to start up and operate an industrial or commercial business. These include obtaining all necessary licenses and permits and completing any required notifications, verifications or inscriptions with relevant authorities. After a study of laws, regulations and publicly available information on business entry, a detailed list of procedures, time, cost and paid-in minimum capital requirements is developed. Subsequently, local incorporation lawyers and government officials complete and verify the data on applicable procedures, the time and cost of complying with each procedure under normal circumstances and the paid-in minimum capital. On average 4 law firms participate in each country. Information is also collected on the sequence in which procedures are to be completed and whether procedures may be carried out simultaneously. It is assumed that any required information is readily available and that all government and nongovernment agencies involved in the start-up process function efficiently and without corruption. If answers by local experts differ, inquiries continue until the data are reconciled. NOTE: This is a ranking derived from several indicators, 1 being the best (ranked first). The higher the number on this graph, the lower their overall ranking. Invert this graph by clicking on 'Amount' at the top. Consult source for details on methodology.
GNI > Current US$ per capita: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gross domestic savings > Current US$: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > GDP per capita: What does gross domestic product mean? "Gross" signifies that no deduction has been made for the depreciation of machinery, buildings and other capital products used in production. "Domestic" means that it is production by the resident institutional units of the country. As many products are used to produce other products it is necessary to define production in terms of value added.
GDP can be measured in three different ways: as output less intermediate consumption (i.e. value added) plus taxes less subsidies on products (such as VAT); as the income earned from production by summing employee compensation, the gross operating surplus of enterprises and government, the gross mixed income of unincorporated enterprises and net taxes on production and imports (VAT, payroll tax, import duties, etc, less subsidies); or as the expenditure on the goods and services produced by summing final consumption expenditures, gross fixed capital formation, changes in inventories and exports less imports.
Trade > Exports: The total US dollar amount of exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis.
Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Current international $: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
Public expenditure > Social expenditure > Public social expenditure: Public social expenditure comprises cash benefits, direct "in-kind” provision of goods and services, and tax breaks with social purposes. To be considered "social”, benefits have to address one or more social goals. Benefits may be targeted at low-income households, but they may also be for the elderly, disabled, sick, unemployed, or young persons. Programmes regulating the provision of social benefits have to involve: a) redistribution of resources across households, or b) compulsory participation. Social benefits are regarded as public when general government (that is central, state, and local governments, including social security funds) controls relevant financial flows. The expenditures shown here refer only to public social benefits and exclude similar benefits provided by private charities.
Entrepreneurship > Hiring and Firing > Index ranking: Every economy has established a complex system of laws and institutions intended to protect the interests of workers and to guarantee a minimum standard of living for its population. The OECD Job Study and the International Encyclopedia for Labour Law and Industrial Relations identify 4 areas subject to statutory regulation in all countries: employment, social security, industrial relations and occupational health and safety. Doing Business focuses on the regulation of employment, specifically the hiring and firing of workers and the rigidity of working hours. This year data on social security payments by the employer and pension benefits, including the mandatory retirement age, have been added. The data on hiring and firing workers are based on a detailed survey of employment and social security regulations. The survey is completed by local law firms. The employment laws of most countries are available online in the NATLEX database, published by the International Labour Organization. In all cases both actual laws and secondary sources are used to ensure accuracy. Conflicting answers are further checked against 2 additional sources, including a local legal treatise on employment regulation. NOTE: This is a ranking derived from several indicators, 1 being the best (ranked first). The higher the number on this graph, the lower their overall ranking. Invert this graph by clicking on 'Amount' at the top. Consult source for details on methodology.
Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $ per capita: GDP, PPP (current international $). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Total > Reserves in months of imports: Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. This item shows reserves expressed in terms of the number of months of imports of goods and services which could be paid for.
Imports > Commodities: This entry provides a listing of the highest-valued imported products; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
Debt > Banks > Automated teller machines > ATMs > Per 100,000 adults: Automated teller machines (ATMs) (per 100,000 adults). Automated teller machines are computerized telecommunications devices that provide clients of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a public place.
Business > Companies > Specific companies > Apple Stores: Countries compared by number of Apple stores located at its territory. The Apple campus, located in Cupertino (California) hosts not only the company headquartes, but the original Employee Store (now named Apple Company Store), which is the only place in the world where legitimate merchandise with the Apple logo (such as t-shirts, hats and the like) can be purchased. Another special case is China, that currently hosts 10 official Apple stores, but also numerous fake ones. These imitations try to mimic the look and feel of the orginal stores, with varying degrees of success. Other countries are known to host unauthorized stores too.
Inflation > Consumer price index > 2005 = 100: Consumer price index (2005 = 100). Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.
Gross domestic savings > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
GDP > Constant LCU: GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
Poverty and inequality > Inequality adjusted income index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Trade > Export growth: Annual growth rate of exports of goods and services based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments."
Welfare > Social contributions > Current LCU: Social contributions (current LCU). Social contributions include social security contributions by employees, employers, and self-employed individuals, and other contributions whose source cannot be determined. They also include actual or imputed contributions to social insurance schemes operated by governments.
Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU: Revenue, excluding grants (current LCU). Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here.
Labor force per thousand people: This entry contains the total labor force figure. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Business > Companies > Specific companies > Carrefour > First store: Year in which Carrefour first entered each country.
Business efficiency: Based upon a business efficiency index where '100' represents the highest level of business efficiency.
Trade > Imports > Imports of goods and services: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars.
Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP per million people: Net government debt as % of GDP (IMF). Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
GDP > Median household income (PPP): Median Household Income $PPP.
Household final > Consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$: Household final consumption expenditure per capita (private consumption per capita) is calculated using private consumption in constant 2000 prices and World Bank population estimates. Household final consumption expenditure is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
Public institution index: Public institution index indicates the state of the country's public institutions.
GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ per capita: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro Zone, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Household final consumption expenditure, PPP (constant 2005 international $). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are converted to constant 2005 international dollars using purchasing power parity rates.
Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $: GNI, PPP (current international $). PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $: GDP, PPP (current international $). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
Currency > Monetary unit: Country currency.
Budget > Expenditures > Per $ GDP: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Per capita GDP: Per capita GDP of the Eastern Bloc countries, comprising of the former communist states of Eastern and Central Europe.
Aid > Untied given per million people: ODA that is untied, million US$. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Taxes and other revenues: This entry records total taxes and other revenues received by the national government during the time period indicated, expressed as a percent of GDP. Taxes include personal and corporate income taxes, value added taxes, excise taxes, and tariffs. Other revenues include social contributions - such as payments for social security and hospital insurance - grants, and net revenues from public enterprises. Normalizing the data, by dividing total revenues by GDP, enables easy comparisons across countries, and provides an average rate at which all income (GDP) is paid to the national level government for the supply of public goods and services.
Patents granted: Patents granted to residents per million people 1998.
Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports > Goods and services > Current U: Exports of goods and services comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from residents to nonresidents of general merchandise, goods sent for processing and repairs, nonmonetary gold, and services. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Current account balance > Current US$: Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods, services, net income, and net current transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Balance of payments > Financial > Reserves: Changes in net reserves is the net change in a country's holdings of international reserves resulting from transactions on the current, capital, and financial accounts. These include changes in holdings of monetary gold, SDRs, foreign exchange assets, reserve position in the International Monetary Fund, and other claims on nonresidents that are available to the central authority. The measure is net of liabilities constituting foreign authorities' reserves, and counterpart items for valuation changes and exceptional financing items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Foreign direct investment > FDI > FDI flows and stocks > Inward FDI stocks: Foreign direct investment is defined as investment by a resident entity in one economy with the objective of obtaining a lasting interest in an enterprise resident in another economy. The lasting interest means the existence of a long-term relationship between the direct investor and the enterprise and a significant degree of influence by the direct investor on the management of the direct investment enterprise. The ownership of at least 10% of the voting power, representing the influence by the investor, is the basic criterion used. Hence, control by the foreign investor is not required.
Inward stocks are the direct investments held by non-residents in the reporting economy; outward stocks are the investments of the reporting economy held abroad.
The stock tables also show the distribution of stocks according to broad sectors of the industry, namely manufacturing and services.
Negative flows may generally indicate disinvestments or the impact of substantial reimbursements of inter-company loans.
Oil > Proved reserves: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of crude oil in barrels (bbl). Proved reserves are those quantities of petroleum which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations: Ease of doing business index (1=most business-friendly regulations). Ease of doing business ranks economies from 1 to 189, with first place being the best. A high ranking (a low numerical rank) means that the regulatory environment is conducive to business operation. The index averages the country's percentile rankings on 10 topics covered in the World Bank's Doing Business. The ranking on each topic is the simple average of the percentile rankings on its component indicators.
Natural gas > Production: This entry is the total natural gas produced in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors.
GDP deflator: The GDP implicit deflator is the ratio of GDP in current local currency to GDP in constant local currency. The base year varies by country.
New businesses registered > Number: New businesses registered are the number of new firms, defined as firms registered in the current year of reporting."
Oil > Consumption: This entry is the total oil consumed in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors.
Tourism > International tourism, receipts > Current US$: International tourism, receipts (current US$). International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Electricity > Consumption: This entry consists of total electricity generated annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution.
Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Final consumption expenditure (constant 2000 US$). Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption). Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Tax > GDP > Current US$: GDP (current US$). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
Currency > GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: GDP (constant 2000 US$). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Portfolio investment > Excluding LCFAR > BoP > Current US$: Portfolio investment excluding liabilities constituting foreign authorities' reserves covers transactions in equity securities and debt securities. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Net trade in goods and services > BoP > Current US$: Net trade in goods and services is derived by offsetting imports of goods and services against exports of goods and services. Exports and imports of goods and services comprise all transactions involving a change of ownership of goods and services between residents of one country and the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Net capital account > BoP > Current US$: Net capital account includes government debt forgiveness, investment grants in cash or in kind by a government entity, and taxes on capital transfers. Also included are migrants' capital transfers and debt forgiveness and investment grants by nongovernmental entities. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Budget > Expenditures > Per capita: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in inventories: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition
Economic growth > Evolution of GDP > Real GDP growth: In order to calculate the growth rate of GDP free of the direct effects of inflation, data at fixed, or constant, prices should be used. Price relativities change over time, and the 1993 System of National Accounts recommends that the fixed prices used should be representative of the periods for which the growth rates are calculated, which means that new fixed prices should be introduced frequently, typically every year. The growth rates of GDP between successive periods are linked together to form chain volume indices. All OECD countries derive their "volume" estimates in this way, except for Korea, and Mexico.. These two like many non-OECD countries, only revise their fixed weights every five or ten years. Such practices tend to lead to biased growth rates, usually upward.
The growth rates for OECD total are averages of the growth rates of individual countries weighted by the relative size of each country’s GDP in US dollars. Conversion to US dollars is done using purchasing power parities so that each country is weighted by the relative size of its real GDP.
Trade > Exports > By good > Chocolate cocoa preparations: Exports of Chocolate/cocoa preparations, by country, in thousands USD
Taxes > Taxes on the average worker > Taxes on the average worker: The taxes included in the measure are personal income taxes, employees’ social security contributions and employers’ social security contributions. For the few countries that have them, it also includes payroll taxes. The amount of these taxes paid in relation to the employment of one average worker is expressed as a percentage of their labour cost (gross wage plus employers’ social security contributions and payroll tax).
An average worker is defined as somebody who earns the average income of full-time workers of the country concerned in sectors C-K of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). The average worker is single, meaning that he or she does not receive any tax relief in respect of a spouse, unmarried partner or child.
Steel > Production: Production of crude steel in million tonnes.
Purchasing power parity > GNI > PPP > Current international $: PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income (GNI) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
Debt > External > Per $ GDP: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
Trade > Exports > By good > Passenger cars etc: Exports of Passenger cars etc, by country, in thousands USD
Government > Revenue > Tax > Maximum tax rate for individuals: Individual (max).
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

Mexico had range specified: 29%-3%
GNI > PPP > Current international $: PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income (GNI) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
Investment > Foreign investment > Commitment to Development Index (investment): This is a sub-index of the Commitment to Development Index (CDI), which ranks rich countries’ policies is terms of how beneficial they are to the world’s five billion poorest people. The investment sub-index ranks the support each country provides for foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries, such as insurance schemes, guarantees and tax treaties. For further information, please refer to cgdev.org/cdi
Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum per 1000: US imports of bauxite and aluminum, USD Thousands, 2004. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
High-technology > Exports > Current US$: High-technology exports are products with high research and development intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Oil > Exports per thousand people: This entry is the total oil exported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products.
Additional details:
- Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,570 bbl/day (2007)
- Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,610 bbl/day (2009)
. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Overall productivity > PPP: Estimates: GDP (PPP) per person employed, US$
Final > Consumption expenditure > Etc. > Current US$: Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (general government consumption). This estimate includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Gross National Income > Constant LCU: Gross national income is derived as the sum of GNP and the terms of trade adjustment. Data are in constant local currency.
Deposit interest rate: Deposit interest rate is the rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits.
GDP > Constant 2000 US$ > Per capita: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
National accounts > US$ at constant 2000 prices > Aggregate indicators > GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant U.S. dollars.
Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $). GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
Scientific and technical journals > Articles published: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences."
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Goods imports > BoP > Current US$: Goods imports refer to all movable goods (including nonmonetary gold) involved in a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents. The category includes goods previously included in services: goods received or sent for processing and their subsequent export or import in the form of processed goods, repairs on goods, and goods procured in ports by carriers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Net income > BoP > Current US$: Net income refers to receipts and payments of employee compensation paid to nonresident workers and investment income (receipts and payments on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
GDP per unit of energy use: GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2000 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
Oil > Consumption per thousand people: This entry is the total oil consumed in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Budget > Revenues > Per $ GDP: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Natural gas > Production per capita: This entry is the total natural gas produced in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
International tourism > Expenditures for travel items > Current US$: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These may include expenditures by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Researchers in RandD > Per million people: Researchers in R&D are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods, or systems and in the management of the projects concerned. Postgraduate PhD students (ISCED97 level 6) engaged in R&D are included.
Innovation > Research and development personnel > By sector > Business enterprise sector per thousand people: Total number of researchers employed by private for-profit enterprises. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Government spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU per capita: Subsidies and other transfers (current LCU). Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organizations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Government spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU: Subsidies and other transfers (current LCU). Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organizations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind.
Intellectual property > Patents granted: No. of Patents Granted.
Currency > DEC alternative conversion factor > LCU per US$: The DEC alternative conversion factor is the underlying annual exchange rate used for the World Bank Atlas method. As a rule, it is the official exchange rate reported in the IMF's International Financial Statistics (line rf). Exceptions arise where further refinements are made by World Bank staff. It is expressed in local currency units per U.S. dollar.
Labor force > By occupation > Industry: This entry is derived from Economy > Labor force > By occupation, which lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by sector of occupation. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other economic activities that do not produce material goods. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete and may range from 99-101 percent due to rounding.
Stocks traded > Total value > Current US$: Stocks traded refers to the total value of shares traded during the period.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in fixed capital: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition.
Trade > Exports > Goods and services: Exports of goods and services as a % of GDP, 2000
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$: Royalty and license fees are payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of intangible, nonproduced, nonfinancial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals of prototypes (such as films and manuscripts). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Trade > Imports > Goods and services > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Imports of goods and services comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents of general merchandise, goods sent for processing and repairs, nonmonetary gold, and services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Economic importance: Globalpolicy.org
Stock of direct foreign investment > At home per capita: This entry gives the cumulative US dollar value of all investments in the home country made directly by residents - primarily companies - of other countries as of the end of the time period indicated. Direct investment excludes investment through purchase of shares. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Economic aid > Donor per capita: The net official development assistance (ODA) from Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) nations to developing countries and multilateral organizations. ODA is defined as financial assistance that is concessional in character, has the main objective to promote economic development and welfare of the less developed countries (LDCs), and contains a grant element of at least 25%. The entry does not cover other official flows (OOF) or private flows. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Reserves > Total reserves minus gold > Current US$: Total reserves minus gold (current US$). Total reserves minus gold comprise special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. Gold holdings are excluded. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (constant 2000 US$). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$: Final consumption expenditure (constant 2000 US$). Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption). Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$: Gross domestic savings (current US$). Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
World Bank exchange rate: The DEC alternative conversion factor is the underlying annual exchange rate used for the World Bank Atlas method. As a rule, it is the official exchange rate reported in the IMF's International Financial Statistics (line rf). Exceptions arise where further refinements are made by World Bank staff. It is expressed in local currency units per U.S. dollar."
Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Net trade in goods > US$: Net trade in goods is the difference between exports and imports of goods. The category includes goods previously included in services: goods received or sent for processing and their subsequent export or import in the form of processed goods, repairs on goods, and goods procured in ports by carriers. Trade in services is not included. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Trade > Exports > Goods: Goods imports refer to all movable goods (including nonmonetary gold) involved in a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents. The category includes goods previously included in services: goods received or sent for processing and their subsequent export or import in the form of processed goods, repairs on goods, and goods procured in ports by carriers. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Financial sector > Exchange rates and prices > GDP deflator > Base year varies by country: The GDP implicit deflator is the ratio of GDP in current local currency to GDP in constant local currency. The base year varies by country.
Electricity > Production: This entry is the annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution.
Electricity > Imports per capita: This entry is the total imported electricity in kilowatt-hours. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP growth > Duration 1980-2000: Gross domestic product GDP growth rate from 1980 to 2000
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ per capita: Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gross national expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Patent applications > Residents: Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years."
GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ > Per capita: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro Zone, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Income > GDP, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita: GDP, PPP (constant 2005 international $). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: GNI per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $). GNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GNI is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
Income > GNI, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: GNI, PPP (constant 2005 international $). PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Terms of trade: Terms of trade (1980 = 100) 1999. The ratio of the export price index to the import price index measured relative to the base year 1980. A value of more than 100 implies that the price of exports has risen relative to the price of imports.
Oil > Production per thousand people: This entry is the total oil produced in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Gross savings > Current US$ per capita: Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Innovation > Patent applications, nonresidents per million: Patent applications, nonresidents. Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Innovation > Patent applications, residents: Patent applications, residents. Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years.
Trade > Exports > Export growth in USD: Export values are the current value of exports (f.o.b.) converted to U.S. dollars and expressed as a percentage of the average for the base period (2000). UNCTAD's export value indexes are reported for most economies. For selected economies for which UNCTAD does not publish data, the export value indexes are derived from export volume indexes (line 72) and corresponding unit value indexes of exports (line 74) in the IMF's International Financial Statistics."
Trade > Imports > By good > Silver platinum etc: Imports of Silver/platinum etc, by country, in thousands USD
Auchan > Auchan around the world > First store: Date the first store of the international retail chain, Auchan opened in different countries.
Innovation > Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles. Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
GDP > PPP > Current international $ per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU per capita: Revenue, excluding grants (current LCU). Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number per 1000: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Transnational corporations > Affiliates: Number of foreign affiliates to transnational corporations
Tax > Social security contributions: Social contributions include social security contributions by employees, employers, and self-employed individuals, and other contributions whose source cannot be determined. They also include actual or imputed contributions to social insurance schemes operated by governments."
Tax > Taxes on income > Profits and capital gains > Current LCU: Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation."
Tax > Components of taxation > Social security > Employees contribution: Tax on employee's contribution of social security as a percentage of total tax collected by the country. Data is for 2002.
Imports > Partners: This entry provides a rank ordering of trading partners starting with the most important; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
Oil > Imports per thousand people: This entry is the total oil imported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Oil > Imports: This entry is the total oil imported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products.
Electricity > Production per capita: This entry is the annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > Gross domestic product per million: What does gross domestic product mean? "Gross" signifies that no deduction has been made for the depreciation of machinery, buildings and other capital products used in production. "Domestic" means that it is production by the resident institutional units of the country. As many products are used to produce other products it is necessary to define production in terms of value added.
GDP can be measured in three different ways: as output less intermediate consumption (i.e. value added) plus taxes less subsidies on products (such as VAT); as the income earned from production by summing employee compensation, the gross operating surplus of enterprises and government, the gross mixed income of unincorporated enterprises and net taxes on production and imports (VAT, payroll tax, import duties, etc, less subsidies); or as the expenditure on the goods and services produced by summing final consumption expenditures, gross fixed capital formation, changes in inventories and exports less imports. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
GDP growth > Duration 1975-2000: GDP per capita annual growth rate (%) from 1975 to 2000
Trade > Imports > By good > Passenger cars etc: Imports of Passenger cars etc, by country, in thousands USD
Trade balance with US: In US dollars. Jan 2003 - March 2003
Services > Etc. > Value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
Merchandise > Exports > Current US$: Merchandise exports show the f.o.b. value of goods provided to the rest of the world valued in U.S. dollars. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Trade > Exports > Goods and services > Constant 2000 US$: Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude labor and property income (formerly called factor services) as well as transfer payments. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$: Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Research and development spending: Research and development (R&D) expenditures for most recent year available between 1990 and 2000.
Aid > Untied given: ODA that is untied, million US$.
Tax > Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours: Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions."
Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Net errors and omissions > Adjusted > BoP > Current US$: Net errors and omissions constitute a residual category needed to ensure that all debit and credit entries in the balance of payments statement sum to zero. In the International Financial Statistics presentation, this is equal to the difference between reserves and related items and the sum of the balances of the current, capital, and financial accounts. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports of goods > Services > Income and wo: Exports of goods and services are the total value of goods and services exported as well as income and workers' remittances received. Workers' remittances include compensation of employees. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Intellectual property > Patent applications: No. of Patent Applications.
Commercial service imports > Current US$ > Per capita: Commercial service imports are total service imports minus imports of government services not included elsewhere. International transactions in services are defined by the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (1993) as the economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. Definitions may vary among reporting economies. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
Commercial service imports > Current US$: Commercial service imports are total service imports minus imports of government services not included elsewhere. International transactions in services are defined by the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (1993) as the economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. Definitions may vary among reporting economies.
Trade > Imports of goods > Services and income > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Imports of goods, services and income is the sum of goods (merchandise) imports, imports of (nonfactor) services and income (factor) payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Net income > BoP > Current US$ per million: Net income refers to receipts and payments of employee compensation paid to nonresident workers and investment income (receipts and payments on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Royalty and license fees are payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of intangible, nonproduced, nonfinancial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals of prototypes (such as films and manuscripts). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Government > Revenue > Tax > Corporate tax: Corporate tax.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

Bangladesh had range specified: 45%-0%

Maldives had range specified: 15%-0%

Mexico had range specified: 30%-28%

Spain had range specified: 30%-25%

Sri Lanka had range specified: 35%-0%

Switzerland had range specified: 25%-13%
Natural gas > Proved reserves per capita: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of natural gas in cubic meters (cu m). Proved reserves are those quantities of natural gas, which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Natural gas > Consumption: This entry is the total natural gas consumed in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors.
Natural gas > Proved reserves: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of natural gas in cubic meters (cu m). Proved reserves are those quantities of natural gas, which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Per 1,000 people: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees.
Tourism > International tourism, receipts for travel items > Current US$ per capita: International tourism, receipts for travel items (current US$). International tourism receipts for travel items are expenditures by international inbound visitors in the reporting economy. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Tourism > International tourism, number of departures: International tourism, number of departures. International outbound tourists are the number of departures that people make from their country of usual residence to any other country for any purpose other than a remunerated activity in the country visited. The data on outbound tourists refer to the number of departures, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips from a country during a given period is counted each time as a new departure.
Tourism > International tourism, expenditures > Current US$: International tourism, expenditures (current US$). International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These expenditures may include those by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include expenditures for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Public expenditure > Health expenditure > Total expenditure on health: Total expenditure on health measures the final consumption of health goods and services (i.e. current health expenditure) plus capital investment in health care infrastructure. This includes spending by both public and private sources (including households) on medical services and goods, public health and prevention programmes and administration. Excluded are health-related expenditures such as training, research and environmental health.
Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > Gross domestic product: What does gross domestic product mean? "Gross" signifies that no deduction has been made for the depreciation of machinery, buildings and other capital products used in production. "Domestic" means that it is production by the resident institutional units of the country. As many products are used to produce other products it is necessary to define production in terms of value added.
GDP can be measured in three different ways: as output less intermediate consumption (i.e. value added) plus taxes less subsidies on products (such as VAT); as the income earned from production by summing employee compensation, the gross operating surplus of enterprises and government, the gross mixed income of unincorporated enterprises and net taxes on production and imports (VAT, payroll tax, import duties, etc, less subsidies); or as the expenditure on the goods and services produced by summing final consumption expenditures, gross fixed capital formation, changes in inventories and exports less imports.
Economic growth > Inflation > GDP deflator: The GDP deflator is an implicit, not an explicit deflator. It is derived by dividing an index of GDP measured in current prices by a chain volume index of GDP (see Evolution of GDP), both, typically. derived using the expenditure approach (see Size of GDP). It is therefore a weighted average of the price indices of:
goods and services consumed by households;
expenditure by government on goods, services and salaries;
fixed capital assets;
changes in inventories;
exports of goods and services;
imports of goods and services (minus).
While the CPI measures the price changes of goods and services consumed by households, the GDP deflator measures the price changes of goods and services produced by a country, including exports, and also includes a component to reflect price changes in imports. Hence, the treatment of exports and imports merits special attention. The GDP deflator will go up, indicating more inflation, if the prices of exports rise but although higher inflation is usually thought of as a bad thing, it may actually be beneficial to a country if the prices of its exports rise, since it is non-residents who pay the higher prices; although this may be coupled with a fall in the value of the country’s currency. Conversely, price rises in imports will reduce the GDP deflator, although, following the same reasoning this may not necessarily be a good thing for residents.
Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations per million: Ease of doing business index (1=most business-friendly regulations). Ease of doing business ranks economies from 1 to 189, with first place being the best. A high ranking (a low numerical rank) means that the regulatory environment is conducive to business operation. The index averages the country's percentile rankings on 10 topics covered in the World Bank's Doing Business. The ranking on each topic is the simple average of the percentile rankings on its component indicators. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
International tourism > Receipts for travel items > Current US$: International tourism receipts for travel items are expenditures by international inbound visitors in the reporting economy. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Tourism receipts > International > Per $ GDP: Per $ GDP figures expressed per $1,000 gross domestic product
Trade > Tariffs > Binding coverage > All products: Binding coverage is the percentage of product lines with an agreed bound rate. Bound rates result from trade negotiations incorporated into a country's schedule of concessions and are thus enforceable.
GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ > Per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 international dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
GDP > PPP > Current international $ > Per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Financial sector > Interest rates > Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate: Interest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits."
International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These may include expenditures by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Tax > Tax payments > Number per million: Tax payments (number). Tax payments by businesses are the total number of taxes paid by businesses, including electronic filing. The tax is counted as paid once a year even if payments are more frequent. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Trade > Exports > Per $ GDP: The total US dollar amount of exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Purchasing power parity > PPP conversion factor > Private > Consumption > LCU per international $: Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amounts of goods and services in the domestic market as U.S. dollar would buy in the United States. This conversion factor is for private consumption (i.e., household final consumption expenditure)."
Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Constant 2005 international $: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
Trade > Exports > Export growth: Export volume indexes are derived from UNCTAD's volume index series and are the ratio of the export value indexes to the corresponding unit value indexes. Unit value indexes are based on data reported by countries that demonstrate consistency under UNCTAD quality controls, supplemented by UNCTAD's estimates using the previous year's trade values at the Standard International Trade Classification three-digit level as weights. For economies for which UNCTAD does not publish data, the export volume indexes (lines 72) in the IMF's International Financial Statistics are used."
Trade > Exports > By good > Perfume toilet cosmetics: Exports of Perfume/toilet/cosmetics, by country, in thousands USD

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STAT	Italy	Spain
Budget > Revenues	$964.30 billion Ranked 7th. Twice as much as Spain	$481.90 billion Ranked 11th.
Budget surplus > + or deficit > -	-2.9% of GDP Ranked 98th.	-10.9% of GDP Ranked 174th. 4 times more than Italy
Debt > Government debt > Public debt, share of GDP	126.1 CIA Ranked 8th. 48% more than Spain	85.3 CIA Ranked 20th.
Overview	Italy has a diversified industrial economy, which is divided into a developed industrial north, dominated by private companies, and a less-developed, highly subsidized, agricultural south, where unemployment is high. The Italian economy is driven in large part by the manufacture of high-quality consumer goods produced by small and medium-sized enterprises, many of them family-owned. Italy also has a sizable underground economy, which by some estimates accounts for as much as 17% of GDP. These activities are most common within the agriculture, construction, and service sectors. Italy is the third-largest economy in the euro-zone, but its exceptionally high public debt and structural impediments to growth have rendered it vulnerable to scrutiny by financial markets. Public debt has increased steadily since 2007, topping 126% of GDP in 2012, and investor concerns about the broader euro-zone crisis at times have caused borrowing costs on sovereign government debt to rise to euro-era records. During the second half of 2011 the government passed three austerity packages to reduce its budget deficit and help bring down borrowing costs. These measures included a hike in the value-added tax, pension reforms, and cuts to public administration. The government also faces pressure from investors and European partners to sustain its recent efforts to address Italy's long-standing structural impediments to growth, such as labor market inefficiencies and widespread tax evasion. In 2012 economic growth and labor market conditions deteriorated, with growth at -2.3% and unemployment rising to nearly 11%, with youth unemployment around 35%. The government has undertaken several reform initiatives designed to increase long-term economic growth. Italy's GDP is now 7% below its 2007 pre-crisis level.	After almost 15 years of above average GDP growth, the Spanish economy began to slow in late 2007 and entered into a recession in the second quarter of 2008. GDP contracted by 3.7% in 2009, ending a 16-year growth trend, and by another 0.3% in 2010; GDP expanded 0.4% in 2011, before contracting 1.4% in 2012. The economy has once again fallen into recession as deleveraging in the private sector, fiscal consolidation, and continued high unemployment weigh on domestic demand and investment, even as exports have shown signs of resiliency. The unemployment rate rose from a low of about 8% in 2007 to 26.0% in 2012. The economic downturn has also hurt Spain's public finances. The government budget deficit peaked at 11.2% of GDP in 2010 and the process to reduce this imbalance has been slow despite the central government's efforts to raise new tax revenue and cut spending. Spain reduced its budget deficit to 9.4% of GDP in 2011, and roughly 7.4% of GDP in 2012, above the 6.3% target negotiated between Spain and the EU. Although Spain''s large budget deficit and poor economic growth prospects remain a source of concern for foreign investors, the government''s ongoing efforts to cut spending and introduce flexibility into the labor markets are intended to assuage these concerns. The government is also taking steps to shore up the banking system, namely by using up to $130 billion in EU funds to recapitalize struggling banks exposed to the collapsed domestic construction and real estate sectors.
Exports	$478.90 billion Ranked 9th. 64% more than Spain	$291.60 billion Ranked 21st.
GDP	$2.01 trillion Ranked 10th. 49% more than Spain	$1.35 trillion Ranked 14th.
GDP > Per capita	$29,393.12 per capita Ranked 9th.	$33,647.98 per capita Ranked 24th. 14% more than Italy
GDP > Per capita > PPP	$29,800.00 Ranked 30th.	$30,100.00 Ranked 29th. 1% more than Italy
GDP > Purchasing power parity per capita	$29,462.64 Ranked 27th.	$29,866.96 Ranked 25th. 1% more than Italy
GDP per capita	$33,048.75 Ranked 24th. 13% more than Spain	$29,195.38 Ranked 26th.
Gross National Income	$1.12 trillion Ranked 7th. 90% more than Spain	$588.00 billion Ranked 9th.
Inflation rate > Consumer prices	3.3% Ranked 112th. 38% more than Spain	2.4% Ranked 150th.
Population below poverty line	19.6% Ranked 20th.	21.1% Ranked 9th. 8% more than Italy
Public debt	126.9% of GDP Ranked 7th. 51% more than Spain	84.1% of GDP Ranked 26th.
Unemployment rate	10.7% Ranked 39th.	25.1% Ranked 7th. 2 times more than Italy
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Services	73.8% Ranked 31st. 4% more than Spain	70.7% Ranked 43th.
Exports per capita	$7,861.39 Ranked 39th. 25% more than Spain	$6,309.24 Ranked 42nd.
Distribution of family income > Gini index	31.9 Ranked 11th.	32 Ranked 25th. About the same as Italy
Human Development Index	0.934 Ranked 18th. 1% more than Spain	0.928 Ranked 21st.
Tourist arrivals > Per capita	734.95 per 1,000 people Ranked 42nd.	1,415.52 per 1,000 people Ranked 28th. 93% more than Italy
GDP > Purchasing power parity	$1.81 trillion Ranked 10th. 31% more than Spain	$1.39 trillion Ranked 14th.
Currency > PPP conversion factor to official exchange rate ratio	1.05 Ranked 21st. 11% more than Spain	0.95 Ranked 25th.
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
GDP > Composition by sector > Industry	23.9% Ranked 128th.	24.2% Ranked 125th. 1% more than Italy
Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$, period average	$1,736.21 Ranked 11th. 12 times more than Spain	$149.40 Ranked 49th.
Inequality > GINI index	36.03 Ranked 20th. 4% more than Spain	34.66 Ranked 21st.
Imports per capita	$7,444.44 Ranked 46th. 6% more than Spain	$7,001.61 Ranked 49th.
Gross National Income per capita	$19,656.98 Ranked 20th. 36% more than Spain	$14,439.91 Ranked 23th.
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual rate	43% Ranked 15th. The same as Spain	43% Ranked 14th.
GDP per capita in 1950	$3,425.00 Ranked 19th. 43% more than Spain	$2,397.00 Ranked 22nd.
Technology index	4.08 Ranked 49th.	4.86 Ranked 19th. 19% more than Italy
Development > Human Development Index	0.881 Ranked 25th.	0.885 Ranked 23th. About the same as Italy
GDP > Per capita > PPP per thousand people	$0.49 Ranked 114th.	$0.65 Ranked 105th. 33% more than Italy
Exports > Commodities	engineering products, textiles and clothing, production machinery, motor vehicles, transport equipment, chemicals; food, beverages and tobacco; minerals, nonferrous metals	machinery, motor vehicles; foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, medicines, other consumer goods
Poverty and inequality > Richest quintile to poorest quintile ratio	6.5 Ranked 6th. 8% more than Spain	6 Ranked 8th.
Imports	$453.50 billion Ranked 12th. 40% more than Spain	$323.60 billion Ranked 16th.
Budget > Expenditures	$1.02 trillion Ranked 7th. 64% more than Spain	$623.90 billion Ranked 10th.
GINI index	36.03 Ranked 20th. 4% more than Spain	34.66 Ranked 21st.
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold per capita	$1,588.71 Ranked 36th. 4 times more than Spain	$424.48 Ranked 82nd.
Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU	-31,765,158,209.106 Ranked 160th.	-146,548,402,190.191 Ranked 164th. 5 times more than Italy
Tourist arrivals	42.73 million Ranked 6th.	57.32 million Ranked 4th. 34% more than Italy
Budget > Revenues > Per capita	$15,509.73 per capita Ranked 4th. 7% more than Spain	$14,549.48 per capita Ranked 21st.
Inbound tourism income > Current US$	$48.79 billion Ranked 6th.	$70.23 billion Ranked 3rd. 44% more than Italy
Tax > Tax rates	37.6 Ranked 20th. 53% more than Spain	24.61 Ranked 55th.
GDP per person	35,083.65 Ranked 23th. 10% more than Spain	31,773.81 Ranked 25th.
Exports > Main exports	Machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, clothes, wine	Transport equipment, agricultural products
Budget > Revenues per capita	$15,546.42 Ranked 14th. 39% more than Spain	$11,195.77 Ranked 21st.
Debt > External	$2.49 trillion Ranked 7th. 8% more than Spain	$2.31 trillion Ranked 9th.
Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita	6,272.72$ Ranked 19th.	6,338.78$ Ranked 18th. 1% more than Italy
Central bank discount rate	1.5% Ranked 42nd. The same as Spain	1.5% Ranked 36th.
Debt > External > Per capita	$40,328.31 per capita Ranked 14th. 50% more than Spain	$26,799.72 per capita Ranked 19th.
GDP > Composition by sector > Services	74.1% Ranked 27th. 2% more than Spain	72.6% Ranked 32nd.
Tax > GDP > Constant LCU	1.39 trillion Ranked 60th. 49% more than Spain	933.15 billion Ranked 71st.
Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals per capita	0.759 Ranked 55th.	1.23 Ranked 37th. 62% more than Italy
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	21.71$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 73th.	47.09$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 43th. 2 times more than Italy
Consumer spending	59.93 Ranked 80th. 6% more than Spain	56.48 Ranked 95th.
Consumer price index	112.71% Ranked 112th.	117.16% Ranked 83th. 4% more than Italy
GDP > Composition by sector > Agriculture	2% Ranked 175th.	3.3% Ranked 151st. 65% more than Italy
GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $	28,529.09 PPP $ Ranked 22nd. 5% more than Spain	27,169.19 PPP $ Ranked 23th.
Industries	tourism, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, food processing, textiles, motor vehicles, clothing, footwear, ceramics	textiles and apparel (including footwear), food and beverages, metals and metal manufactures, chemicals, shipbuilding, automobiles, machine tools, tourism, clay and refractory products, footwear, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment
GDP > Composition, by end use > Imports of goods and services	-29.1% Ranked 33th.	-31.9% Ranked 44th. 10% more than Italy
GDP per capita in 1973	$10,409.00 Ranked 16th. 19% more than Spain	$8,739.00 Ranked 18th.
New businesses registered > Number > Per capita	1.33 per 1,000 people Ranked 27th.	3.6 per 1,000 people Ranked 13th. 3 times more than Italy
GDP per capita > Constant LCU	20979.87	16957.5
Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US	$28.98 billion Ranked 10th. 4 times more than Spain	$6.45 billion Ranked 30th.
Labor force	25 Ranked 90th. 9% more than Spain	23 Ranked 94th.
GDP per capita in 1900	$1,746.00 Ranked 18th.	$2,040.00 Ranked 15th. 17% more than Italy
Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum	10,131 Ranked 34th. 68% more than Spain	6,014 Ranked 39th.
GDP > Real growth rate	-2.4% Ranked 185th. 50% more than Spain	-1.6% Ranked 177th.
Debt > Government debt > Gross government debt, share of GDP	126.98 IMF Ranked 5th. 51% more than Spain	84.08 IMF Ranked 22nd.
Debt > Central government debt, total > Current LCU	1.75 trillion Ranked 16th. 3 times more than Spain	586.95 billion Ranked 25th.
International tourism > Number of arrivals	36.51 million Ranked 5th.	55.58 million Ranked 2nd. 52% more than Italy
Economic growth > Per capita	-5.65 Ranked 138th. 26% more than Spain	-4.48 Ranked 125th.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ per capita	-360.515 BoP $ Ranked 124th.	-372.438 BoP $ Ranked 125th. 3% more than Italy
GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$	19,329.16 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 24th. 24% more than Spain	15,623.28 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 26th.
GDP in 1970	$107.70 Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Spain	$39.00 Ranked 10th.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number > Per capita	77.88 per 1,000 people Ranked 1st. 7% more than Spain	73.02 per 1,000 people Ranked 3rd.
Economic freedom	60.6 Ranked 83th.	68 Ranked 46th. 12% more than Italy
GDP > Official exchange rate per capita	$33,678.67 Ranked 22nd. 13% more than Spain	$29,845.26 Ranked 27th.
Stock of direct foreign investment > At home	$457.80 billion Ranked 18th.	$725.30 billion Ranked 12th. 58% more than Italy
Current account balance	$-15,210,000,000.00 Ranked 169th. About the same as Spain	$-15,140,000,000.00 Ranked 168th.
Agriculture > Products	fruits, vegetables, grapes, potatoes, sugar beets, soybeans, grain, olives; beef, dairy products; fish	grain, vegetables, olives, wine grapes, sugar beets, citrus; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish
Trade > Imports per capita	$7,600.43 Ranked 31st. 8% more than Spain	$7,045.65 Ranked 34th.
Currency	euro	euro
Current account balance > BoP > Current US$ per capita	-473.049 BoP $ Ranked 105th.	-1,915.651 BoP $ Ranked 127th. 4 times more than Italy
GNI per capita	$35,320.00 Ranked 1st. 14% more than Spain	$30,930.00 Ranked 27th.
GDP > Purchasing power parity > Per capita	$29,393.12 per capita Ranked 9th.	$33,647.98 per capita Ranked 24th. 14% more than Italy
Companies > Listed domestic companies, total	279 Ranked 31st.	3,167 Ranked 6th. 11 times more than Italy
Trade > Exports per capita	$7,578.94 Ranked 33th. 30% more than Spain	$5,823.62 Ranked 41st.
Business > Companies > Corporate governance (overall rating)	5.25 Ranked 14th. 32% more than Spain	3.97 Ranked 27th.
Current account balance per capita	0.0 Ranked 119th.	0.0 Ranked 98th.
Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals	46.12 million Ranked 6th.	56.69 million Ranked 5th. 23% more than Italy
Gross national saving	17.2% of GDP Ranked 92nd.	18.6% of GDP Ranked 82nd. 8% more than Italy
Tax > GDP > Constant LCU per capita	22,801.86 Ranked 109th. 13% more than Spain	20,190.17 Ranked 114th.
Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels	270.45 billion Ranked 9th. 4% more than Spain	259.99 billion Ranked 10th.
Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita	$7,886.88 Ranked 37th.	$21,530.48 Ranked 22nd. 3 times more than Italy
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita	13,618.96$ Ranked 31st.	22,121.31$ Ranked 24th. 62% more than Italy
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita	17,698.86$ Ranked 13th. 18% more than Spain	14,964.22$ Ranked 15th.
Budget > Expenditures per capita	$17,227.87 Ranked 15th. 22% more than Spain	$14,078.28 Ranked 19th.
Reserves > Total reserves > Includes gold, current US$	$181.67 billion Ranked 15th. 4 times more than Spain	$50.59 billion Ranked 35th.
Stock of broad money	None	None
Exchange rates	euros (EUR) per US dollar -<br />0.78 (2012 est.)<br />0.72 (2011 est.)<br />0.76 (2010 est.)<br />0.72 (2009 est.)<br />0.68 (2008 est.)	euros (EUR) per US dollar -<br />0.78 (2012 est.)<br />0.72 (2011 est.)<br />0.76 (2010 est.)<br />0.72 (2009 est.)<br />0.68 (2008 est.)
Debt > External per capita	$39,494.54 Ranked 14th. 64% more than Spain	$24,153.87 Ranked 20th.
Size of economy > Share of world GDP	3.34% Ranked 6th. 88% more than Spain	1.78% Ranked 10th.
Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	0.206$ per $1 of GDP Ranked 79th.	0.294$ per $1 of GDP Ranked 16th. 43% more than Italy
Exports > Partners	Germany 12.8%, France 11.3%, US 6.6%, Switzerland 5.8%, UK 5%, Spain 4.8%	France 16.8%, Germany 10.8%, Italy 7.7%, Portugal 7.1%, UK 6.5%
GDP > Official exchange rate	$1.99 trillion Ranked 9th. 52% more than Spain	$1.31 trillion Ranked 13th.
GDP per capita > PPP > Constant 2000 international $	25,381.09 PPP 2000 $ Ranked 22nd. 5% more than Spain	24,171.25 PPP 2000 $ Ranked 23th.
Investment > Gross fixed	18.2% of GDP Ranked 114th.	20.6% of GDP Ranked 85th. 13% more than Italy
Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate	4.88% Ranked 99th. 3 times more than Spain	1.81% Ranked 141st.
Income receipts > BoP > Current US$ per capita	1,046.93 BoP $ Ranked 26th. 17% more than Spain	893.26 BoP $ Ranked 27th.
Bank liquid > Reserves to bank assets ratio	0.73 Ranked 161st.	1.04 Ranked 156th. 42% more than Italy
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Corporate rate	31.4% Ranked 27th. 5% more than Spain	30% Ranked 34th.
Stock of narrow money	None	None
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Industry	24.2% Ranked 126th.	26.3% Ranked 111th. 9% more than Italy
Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$8,451.00 Ranked 27th. 8% more than Spain	$7,817.51 Ranked 29th.
Debt > Net domestic credit > Current LCU	2.62 trillion Ranked 40th. 13% more than Spain	2.32 trillion Ranked 43th.
Government spending	235.14 billion Ranked 8th. 53% more than Spain	153.56 billion Ranked 11th.
Net current transfers from abroad > Constant LCU	-8540961000	-4351475000
Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US$ per capita	334.18 BoP $ Ranked 39th.	525.12 BoP $ Ranked 28th. 57% more than Italy
GDP > Current LCU	1417241000000	904323000000
High-technology > Exports > Current US$ > Per capita	$512,752.87 per 1,000 people Ranked 28th. 2 times more than Spain	$245,152.16 per 1,000 people Ranked 36th.
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Agriculture	2% Ranked 176th.	3.1% Ranked 154th. 55% more than Italy
Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita	$6,297.29 Ranked 27th. 7% more than Spain	$5,867.34 Ranked 28th.
Net barter terms of trade	101.04% Ranked 16th.	101.77% Ranked 12th. 1% more than Italy
Tax > Tax payments > Number	15 Ranked 127th. 88% more than Spain	8 Ranked 160th.
Tax > Components of taxation > Personal income tax	25.5% Ranked 15th. 31% more than Spain	19.4% Ranked 21st.
Real interest rate	3.17% Ranked 85th.	-0.12% Ranked 139th.
Royalty and license fees > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	641.61 BoP $ per $1 million of Ranked 33th. 29% more than Spain	499.08 BoP $ per $1 million of Ranked 40th.
Gross domestic savings	391.12 billion Ranked 8th. 20% more than Spain	326.05 billion Ranked 9th.
Inflation	108.27 Ranked 150th.	110.3 Ranked 141st. 2% more than Italy
Investment > External financial assets per capita	€60,472.69 Ranked 19th. 68% more than Spain	€36,013.94 Ranked 21st.
Outbound tourist spending	37.73 billion Ranked 8th. 41% more than Spain	26.83 billion Ranked 11th.
Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $ per capita	$32,917.37 Ranked 22nd. 4% more than Spain	$31,669.50 Ranked 23th.
Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Current international $	$32,920.00 Ranked 22nd. 4% more than Spain	$31,670.00 Ranked 23th.
Inequality > Gini coefficient > Level	0.352 Different summary measure Ranked 6th. 10% more than Spain	0.319 Different summary measure Ranked 12th.
Poverty > Poverty by individual and household characteristics > Poverty rate > Children	15.5% Ranked 9th.	17.3% Ranked 5th. 12% more than Italy
Tax > Total tax wedge > Single worker	46.2% Ranked 6th. 22% more than Spain	37.9% Ranked 15th.
IKEA > First store opening year	1989	1980
GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure per capita	20,114.61 Ranked 29th. 19% more than Spain	16,969.38 Ranked 32nd.
Productivity > GDP per hour worked	53.8 Ranked 6th. 23% more than Spain	43.82 Ranked 14th.
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold	$181.70 billion Ranked 15th. 4 times more than Spain	$50.59 billion Ranked 37th.
Size of economy > GDP > GDP growth	-2.369% Ranked 172nd. 67% more than Spain	-1.419% Ranked 165th.
GDP > Constant 2000 US$	1.13 trillion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 7th. 67% more than Spain	678.02 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 9th.
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual > On income exceeding > US$	$100,334.00 Ranked 16th. 40% more than Spain	$71,447.00 Ranked 25th.
International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$ per capita	451.46$ Ranked 25th. 6% more than Spain	424.9$ Ranked 27th.
Purchasing power parity conversion factor > LCU per international $	0.85	0.77
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number	4.49 million Ranked 1st. 42% more than Spain	3.17 million Ranked 2nd.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Household consumption	60.4% Ranked 111th. 2% more than Spain	59.3% Ranked 119th.
Poverty and inequality > Income inequality 1993-2011	36.03 latest available Ranked 8th. 4% more than Spain	34.66 latest available Ranked 12th.
Current transfers > Receipts > BoP > Current US$	24.38 billion BoP $ Ranked 4th. 21% more than Spain	20.19 billion BoP $ Ranked 7th.
Innovation > Patent applications, residents per million	144.82 Ranked 24th. 95% more than Spain	74.28 Ranked 32nd.
Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU	191.97 billion Ranked 34th. 3 times more than Spain	58.8 billion Ranked 54th.
Debt > Net current transfers from abroad > Current LCU	-15,862,300,000 Ranked 116th. 95% more than Spain	-8,138,000,000 Ranked 113th.
Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP	103.21 IMF Ranked 6th. 43% more than Spain	71.93 IMF Ranked 19th.
Saving rate	15.98 Ranked 70th.	19.53 Ranked 52nd. 22% more than Italy
GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ per capita	25,381.1 PPP 2000 $ Ranked 23th. 5% more than Spain	24,171.24 PPP 2000 $ Ranked 25th.
International tourism > Number of departures	23.35 million Ranked 9th. 5 times more than Spain	5.12 million Ranked 27th.
Economic aid > Donor	$3.64 billion Ranked 10th.	$3.81 billion Ranked 9th. 5% more than Italy
Consumption > Consumption by sector > Equals: Household final consumption expenditure	1.32 trillion USD Ranked 5th. 55% more than Spain	850.07 billion USD Ranked 8th.
Debt > Central government debt, total > Current LCU per capita	28,825.18 Ranked 26th. 2 times more than Spain	12,711.48 Ranked 44th.
Net income > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita	-291,403.167 BoP $ per 1,000 people Ranked 107th.	-494,308.398 BoP $ per 1,000 people Ranked 119th. 70% more than Italy
GDP > CIA Factbook	$1.55 trillion Ranked 8th. 75% more than Spain	$885.50 billion Ranked 13th.
Poverty and inequality > Poorest's share in national income or consumption	6.5% Ranked 24th.	6.97% Ranked 21st. 7% more than Italy
Investment > External financial assets	€3.72 trillion Ranked 7th. 2 times more than Spain	€1.71 trillion Ranked 14th.
Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU per capita	-521.441 Ranked 158th.	-3,170.811 Ranked 161st. 6 times more than Italy
Tax > GDP > Current LCU	1.57 trillion Ranked 75th. 52% more than Spain	1.03 trillion Ranked 88th.
Taxes > Total tax revenue > Total tax revenue	43.31% Ranked 6th. 16% more than Spain	37.25% Ranked 12th.
GDP > PPP per capita	$27,870.45 Ranked 20th. 14% more than Spain	$24,507.09 Ranked 22nd.
GDP in 1970 per million	$2.00 Ranked 17th. 73% more than Spain	$1.15 Ranked 22nd.
GNI	2.08 trillion Ranked 8th. 45% more than Spain	1.43 trillion Ranked 10th.
GDP per capita in 1820	$1,092.00 Ranked 10th. 3% more than Spain	$1,063.00 Ranked 11th.
Development > Human Development Index > Inequality adjusted	0.776 Ranked 24th.	0.796 Ranked 20th. 3% more than Italy
GDP > PPP	$1.62 trillion Ranked 8th. 55% more than Spain	$1.05 trillion Ranked 11th.
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$	798.17 billion$ Ranked 11th.	960.02 billion$ Ranked 8th. 20% more than Italy
Companies > Listed domestic companies, total per million	4.58 Ranked 72nd.	68.52 Ranked 11th. 15 times more than Italy
Tax > GDP > Current US$ per capita	$33,071.84 Ranked 25th. 16% more than Spain	$28,624.47 Ranked 27th.
Trade > Exports to US	$6.10 billion Ranked 10th. 4 times more than Spain	$1.55 billion Ranked 31st.
Industrial production growth rate	-4.1% Ranked 158th. 14% more than Spain	-3.6% Ranked 156th.
Purchasing power parity > GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $	$31,908.63 Ranked 23th.	$32,544.79 Ranked 21st. 2% more than Italy
World trade > Exports	506.41 billion Ranked 9th. 48% more than Spain	342.25 billion Ranked 12th.
Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture	3.9% Ranked 152nd.	4.2% Ranked 148th. 8% more than Italy
Tourist arrivals by region of origin > Europe	31.57 million Ranked 3rd.	52.19 million Ranked 2nd. 65% more than Italy
Bank capital to assets ratio	7.3% Ranked 57th. 49% more than Spain	4.9% Ranked 70th.
Labor force > By occupation > Services	67.8% Ranked 11th.	71.7% Ranked 5th. 6% more than Italy
Companies > Stock market > Stocks traded, total value > Current US$ per capita	$12,470.42 Ranked 20th.	$23,303.26 Ranked 13th. 87% more than Italy
Lending interest rate	5.31% Ranked 130th. 23% more than Spain	4.31% Ranked 144th.
Industrial > Production growth rate	0.5% Ranked 137th.	-2% Ranked 146th.
Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU per capita	3,161.46 Ranked 54th. 2 times more than Spain	1,273.51 Ranked 77th.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$	$16,802.97 Ranked 21st. 20% more than Spain	$14,011.81 Ranked 24th.
Tax > GDP per capita > Constant LCU	22,801.86 Ranked 109th. 13% more than Spain	20,190.17 Ranked 114th.
Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Current international $	$33,133.65 Ranked 26th. 3% more than Spain	$32,042.55 Ranked 28th.
Technological achievement	0.47 Ranked 19th.	0.48 Ranked 18th. 2% more than Italy
Business > Companies > Specific companies > IKEA > Debut	1,989 Ranked 29th. About the same as Spain	1,980 Ranked 37th.
Currency > Real effective exchange rate index > 2005 = 100	97.59 Ranked 66th.	101.96 Ranked 47th. 4% more than Italy
Net domestic credit > Current LCU	1543123000000	1444284000000
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ per capita	652.89$ Ranked 32nd.	1,220.33$ Ranked 19th. 87% more than Italy
Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels per capita	4,439.65 Ranked 36th.	5,625.35 Ranked 26th. 27% more than Italy
GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure	1.23 trillion Ranked 7th. 56% more than Spain	784.29 billion Ranked 13th.
Household spending per capita	11,320.31 Ranked 19th. 23% more than Spain	9,179.81 Ranked 22nd.
Commercial bank prime lending rate	5.22% Ranked 152nd.	8.3% Ranked 112th. 59% more than Italy
Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$	$480.45 billion Ranked 21st.	$995.09 billion Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Italy
Current account balance > BoP > Current US$	-27,724,030,000 BoP $ Ranked 132nd.	-83,135,680,000 BoP $ Ranked 136th. 3 times more than Italy
Trade > Imports	$459.70 billion Ranked 7th. 42% more than Spain	$324.60 billion Ranked 13th.
Currency > Real effective exchange rate index	110.95% Ranked 31st.	112.93% Ranked 26th. 2% more than Italy
Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$ > Period average	0.8	0.8
GDP > CIA Factbook per capita	$26,907.55 Ranked 19th. 28% more than Spain	$21,081.06 Ranked 25th.
Oil > Exports	529,100 bbl/day Ranked 26th. 2 times more than Spain	240,700 bbl/day Ranked 47th.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Exports of goods and services	30.2% Ranked 121st.	32.7% Ranked 114th. 8% more than Italy
Purchasing power parity > GNI per capita > PPP > Current international $	$31,360.00 Ranked 21st.	$31,880.00 Ranked 20th. 2% more than Italy
Income > Health expenditure per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$3,129.54 Ranked 20th. 3% more than Spain	$3,040.78 Ranked 22nd.
Consumption > Consumption by sector > Equals: Household final consumption expenditure per capita	21,691.62 USD Ranked 15th. 18% more than Spain	18,392.56 USD Ranked 18th.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita	$20,127.38 Ranked 22nd. 19% more than Spain	$16,980.15 Ranked 24th.
Tax > GDP > Current LCU per capita	25,723.28 Ranked 126th. 16% more than Spain	22,264.12 Ranked 131st.
Trillion dollar club > Date when country entered	1,990 Ranked 6th.	2,004 Ranked 4th. 1% more than Italy
Debt > Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong per million	0.0492 Ranked 174th.	0.13 Ranked 151st. 3 times more than Italy
Oil > Production	151,800 bbl/day Ranked 44th. 5 times more than Spain	29,970 bbl/day Ranked 69th.
Economy growth	-5.04 Ranked 138th. 38% more than Spain	-3.64 Ranked 123th.
Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services	608.35 billion Ranked 8th. 41% more than Spain	431.72 billion Ranked 13th.
Purchasing power parity > Gross domestic product per capita > PPP	26,577.57 Ranked 25th.	27,066.06 Ranked 24th. 2% more than Italy
Trade > Export value index	113.76% Ranked 26th.	124.98% Ranked 20th. 10% more than Italy
Debt > Interest payments > Current LCU	72.82 billion Ranked 29th. 4 times more than Spain	20.21 billion Ranked 48th.
Innovation	23.3 Ranked 20th.	23.4 Ranked 19th. About the same as Italy
Electricity > Consumption per capita	5,256.37 kWh Ranked 36th.	5,871.93 kWh Ranked 30th. 12% more than Italy
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	452.86$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 45th.	853.63$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 31st. 88% more than Italy
GDP > CIA Factbook > Per capita	$26,907.55 per capita Ranked 20th. 28% more than Spain	$21,081.08 per capita Ranked 26th.
Household spending	681.72 billion Ranked 8th. 62% more than Spain	421.88 billion Ranked 13th.
Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita	$14,858.42 Ranked 23th. 4% more than Spain	$14,239.15 Ranked 24th.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Government consumption	20.5% Ranked 41st. 1% more than Spain	20.2% Ranked 45th.
GDP > Per $ GDP	$29,393.12 per $1 of GDP Ranked 9th.	$33,647.98 per $1 of GDP Ranked 24th. 14% more than Italy
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure, etc. > Current US$	$1.23 trillion Ranked 9th. 56% more than Spain	$784.79 billion Ranked 15th.
Entrepreneurship > Starting a Business > Index ranking	45 Ranked 110th.	86 Ranked 69th. 91% more than Italy
GNI > Current US$ per capita	29,975.15$ Ranked 19th. 18% more than Spain	25,499.34$ Ranked 23th.
GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	19,329.16 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 24th. 24% more than Spain	15,623.28 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 26th.
Gross domestic savings > Current US$	367.63 billion$ Ranked 4th. 34% more than Spain	275.09 billion$ Ranked 6th.
Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > GDP per capita	$30,381.22 US dollars, current price Ranked 20th.	$31,585.74 US dollars, current price Ranked 19th. 4% more than Italy
Trade > Exports	$458.40 billion Ranked 7th. 71% more than Spain	$268.30 billion Ranked 17th.
Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Current international $	$1.92 trillion Ranked 11th. 28% more than Spain	$1.50 trillion Ranked 13th.
Public expenditure > Social expenditure > Public social expenditure	25% Ranked 8th. 18% more than Spain	21.2% Ranked 14th.
Entrepreneurship > Hiring and Firing > Index ranking	138 Ranked 17th.	150 Ranked 5th. 9% more than Italy
Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $ per capita	$33,133.65 Ranked 26th. 3% more than Spain	$32,042.55 Ranked 28th.
Total > Reserves in months of imports	1.46 Ranked 111th. 3 times more than Spain	0.51 Ranked 129th.
Imports > Commodities	engineering products, chemicals, transport equipment, energy products, minerals and nonferrous metals, textiles and clothing; food, beverages, and tobacco	machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, semifinished goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods, measuring and medical control instruments
Debt > Banks > Automated teller machines > ATMs > Per 100,000 adults	97.11 Ranked 17th.	138.15 Ranked 6th. 42% more than Italy
Business > Companies > Specific companies > Apple Stores	14 Ranked 6th. 40% more than Spain	10 Ranked 8th.
Inflation > Consumer price index > 2005 = 100	116.36 Ranked 158th.	118.84 Ranked 147th. 2% more than Italy
Gross domestic savings > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	208.58$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 54th.	244.6$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 45th. 17% more than Italy
GDP > Constant LCU	1229568000000	735924300000
Poverty and inequality > Inequality adjusted income index	0.673 Ranked 24th. 2% more than Spain	0.659 Ranked 25th.
Trade > Export growth	5.03 Ranked 76th.	5.31 Ranked 73th. 6% more than Italy
Welfare > Social contributions > Current LCU	214.95 billion Ranked 19th. 54% more than Spain	139.16 billion Ranked 23th.
Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU	593.7 billion Ranked 38th. 2 times more than Spain	247.01 billion Ranked 54th.
Labor force per thousand people	0.000407 Ranked 156th.	0.000486 Ranked 116th. 19% more than Italy
Business > Companies > Specific companies > Carrefour > First store	1,993 Ranked 11th. 1% more than Spain	1,973 Ranked 15th.
Business efficiency	45.82 Ranked 44th.	59.43 Ranked 32nd. 30% more than Italy
Trade > Imports > Imports of goods and services	585.65 billion Ranked 9th. 39% more than Spain	421.87 billion Ranked 13th.
Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP per million people	1.68 IMF Ranked 53th. 11% more than Spain	1.52 IMF Ranked 55th.
GDP > Median household income (PPP)	$24,504.00 Ranked 33th.	$26,302.00 Ranked 31st. 7% more than Italy
Household final > Consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$	11,504.4 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 14th. 21% more than Spain	9,470.26 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 16th.
Public institution index	4.64 Ranked 47th.	5.16 Ranked 34th. 11% more than Italy
GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ per capita	30,251.35$ Ranked 19th. 20% more than Spain	25,251.68$ Ranked 23th.
Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$905.14 billion Ranked 12th. 38% more than Spain	$658.10 billion Ranked 14th.
Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $	$2.01 trillion Ranked 11th. 37% more than Spain	$1.46 trillion Ranked 15th.
Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $	$2.02 trillion Ranked 12th. 36% more than Spain	$1.48 trillion Ranked 15th.
Currency > Monetary unit	1 euro = 100 cents	1 euro = 100 cents
Budget > Expenditures > Per $ GDP	$0.50 per $1 of GDP Ranked 11th. 30% more than Spain	$0.39 per $1 of GDP Ranked 36th.
Per capita GDP	$16320	$12210
Aid > Untied given per million people	$14.24 million Ranked 20th.	$38.45 million Ranked 18th. 3 times more than Italy
Taxes and other revenues	48.5% of GDP Ranked 13th. 31% more than Spain	36.9% of GDP Ranked 49th.
Patents granted	13 per million people Ranked 41st.	42 per million people Ranked 29th. 3 times more than Italy
Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports > Goods and services > Current U	$509.80 billion Ranked 9th. 47% more than Spain	$346.89 billion Ranked 12th.
Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Current account balance > Current US$	$-66,198,814,996.28 Ranked 141st.	$-80,375,052,930.23 Ranked 142nd. 21% more than Italy
Balance of payments > Financial > Reserves	-9,002,780,104.71 Ranked 128th. 51% more than Spain	-5,970,207,559.12 Ranked 125th.
Foreign direct investment > FDI > FDI flows and stocks > Inward FDI stocks	$294,877.00 Million US dollars Ranked 8th.	$442,787.00 Million US dollars Ranked 6th. 50% more than Italy
Oil > Proved reserves	476.5 million bbl Ranked 47th. 3 times more than Spain	150 million bbl Ranked 61st.
Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations	65 Ranked 124th. 25% more than Spain	52 Ranked 137th.
Natural gas > Production	8.3 billion cu m Ranked 23th. 173 times more than Spain	48 million cu m Ranked 39th.
GDP deflator	115.26 Ranked 138th.	122.88 Ranked 126th. 7% more than Italy
New businesses registered > Number	77,587 Ranked 8th.	145,593 Ranked 4th. 88% more than Italy
Oil > Consumption	1.53 million bbl/day Ranked 15th. 6% more than Spain	1.44 million bbl/day Ranked 16th.
Tourism > International tourism, receipts > Current US$	$45.37 billion Ranked 8th.	$67.54 billion Ranked 3rd. 49% more than Italy
Electricity > Consumption	314.5 billion kWh Ranked 10th. 18% more than Spain	267.5 billion kWh Ranked 11th.
Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$22,625.83 Ranked 22nd. 18% more than Spain	$19,139.17 Ranked 23th.
Tax > GDP > Current US$	$2.01 trillion Ranked 10th. 52% more than Spain	$1.32 trillion Ranked 14th.
Currency > GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$28,356.29 Ranked 25th. 13% more than Spain	$25,108.40 Ranked 27th.
Portfolio investment > Excluding LCFAR > BoP > Current US$	-272,484,100,000 BoP $ Ranked 112th.	-288,688,000,000 BoP $ Ranked 113th. 6% more than Italy
Net trade in goods and services > BoP > Current US$	-585,118,100 BoP $ Ranked 81st.	-57,599,430,000 BoP $ Ranked 135th. 98 times more than Italy
Net capital account > BoP > Current US$	2.8 billion BoP $ Ranked 5th.	10.57 billion BoP $ Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Italy
Budget > Expenditures > Per capita	$17,187.22 per capita Ranked 3rd. 25% more than Spain	$13,758.34 per capita Ranked 20th.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in inventories	0.0 Ranked 127th.	0.6% Ranked 79th.
Economic growth > Evolution of GDP > Real GDP growth	1.46% Ranked 29th.	3.66% Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Italy
Trade > Exports > By good > Chocolate cocoa preparations	457,680 Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Spain	133,982 Ranked 14th.
Taxes > Taxes on the average worker > Taxes on the average worker	45.87% Ranked 6th. 18% more than Spain	38.87% Ranked 15th.
Steel > Production	19.7 million tonnes Ranked 12th. 38% more than Spain	14.3 million tonnes Ranked 14th.
Purchasing power parity > GNI > PPP > Current international $	$1.89 trillion Ranked 11th. 29% more than Spain	$1.46 trillion Ranked 13th.
Debt > External > Per $ GDP	$1,060.85 per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 18th. 30% more than Spain	$814.30 per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 26th.
Trade > Exports > By good > Passenger cars etc	8.06 million Ranked 9th.	22.99 million Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Italy
Government > Revenue > Tax > Maximum tax rate for individuals	23% Ranked 3rd.	0.0 Ranked 25th.
GNI > PPP > Current international $	1.67 trillion PPP $ Ranked 8th. 44% more than Spain	1.16 trillion PPP $ Ranked 11th.
Investment > Foreign investment > Commitment to Development Index (investment)	5.4 Ranked 10th.	5.9 Ranked 8th. 9% more than Italy
Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum per 1000	0.174 Ranked 53th. 24% more than Spain	0.141 Ranked 57th.
High-technology > Exports > Current US$	$29.81 billion Ranked 14th. 3 times more than Spain	$9.92 billion Ranked 25th.
Stock of direct foreign investment > Abroad	$653.30 billion Ranked 13th.	$710.20 billion Ranked 12th. 9% more than Italy
Oil > Exports per thousand people	8.79 bbl/day Ranked 50th. 68% more than Spain	5.24 bbl/day Ranked 60th.
Overall productivity > PPP	$65,755.30 Ranked 4th. 27% more than Spain	$51,974.60 Ranked 19th.
Final > Consumption expenditure > Etc. > Current US$	1.39 trillion$ Ranked 4th. 64% more than Spain	849.55 billion$ Ranked 6th.
Gross National Income > Constant LCU	1235493000000	740007500000
Deposit interest rate	0.95% Ranked 147th.	2.5% Ranked 133th. 3 times more than Italy
GDP > Constant 2000 US$ > Per capita	19,329.16 constant 2000 US$ per c Ranked 24th. 24% more than Spain	15,623.28 constant 2000 US$ per c Ranked 26th.
National accounts > US$ at constant 2000 prices > Aggregate indicators > GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$	$18,479.19 Ranked 24th. 19% more than Spain	$15,533.76 Ranked 25th.
Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$26,310.46 Ranked 31st.	$26,395.46 Ranked 30th. About the same as Italy
Scientific and technical journals > Articles published	26,544 Ranked 9th. 27% more than Spain	20,980.7 Ranked 10th.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita	-360,515.33 BoP $ per 1,000 people Ranked 126th.	-372,437.765 BoP $ per 1,000 people Ranked 127th. 3% more than Italy
Goods imports > BoP > Current US$	372.69 billion BoP $ Ranked 7th. 33% more than Spain	280.09 billion BoP $ Ranked 11th.
Net income > BoP > Current US$	-17,078,280,000 BoP $ Ranked 132nd.	-21,452,070,000 BoP $ Ranked 134th. 26% more than Italy
GDP per unit of energy use	8.17 PPP 2000 $/kg of oil eq. Ranked 15th. 18% more than Spain	6.9 PPP 2000 $/kg of oil eq. Ranked 27th.
Oil > Consumption per thousand people	25.26 bbl/day Ranked 68th.	31.28 bbl/day Ranked 52nd. 24% more than Italy
Budget > Revenues > Per $ GDP	$0.46 per $1 of GDP Ranked 19th. 13% more than Spain	$0.41 per $1 of GDP Ranked 37th.
Natural gas > Production per capita	137.19 cu m Ranked 25th. 132 times more than Spain	1.04 cu m Ranked 39th.
International tourism > Expenditures for travel items > Current US$	$30.84 billion Ranked 7th. 51% more than Spain	$20.36 billion Ranked 12th.
Researchers in RandD > Per million people	1,213.45 per million people Ranked 30th.	2,195.39 per million people Ranked 19th. 81% more than Italy
Innovation > Research and development personnel > By sector > Business enterprise sector per thousand people	0.759 Ranked 22nd.	1.3 Ranked 18th. 71% more than Italy
Government spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU per capita	7,208.52 Ranked 50th. 42% more than Spain	5,087.88 Ranked 61st.
Government spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU	437.73 billion Ranked 31st. 86% more than Spain	234.93 billion Ranked 41st.
Intellectual property > Patents granted	6,380 Ranked 12th. 75% more than Spain	3,636 Ranked 16th.
Currency > DEC alternative conversion factor > LCU per US$	0.8	0.8
Labor force > By occupation > Industry	28.3% Ranked 30th. 18% more than Spain	24% Ranked 46th.
Stocks traded > Total value > Current US$	1.12 trillion$ Ranked 8th.	1.56 trillion$ Ranked 5th. 40% more than Italy
GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in fixed capital	17.9% Ranked 141st.	19.2% Ranked 128th. 7% more than Italy
Trade > Exports > Goods and services	28% Ranked 107th.	30% Ranked 99th. 7% more than Italy
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$	-21,128,740,000 BoP $ Ranked 132nd. 31% more than Spain	-16,163,110,000 BoP $ Ranked 130th.
Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$	1.94 billion BoP $ Ranked 13th.	2.64 billion BoP $ Ranked 12th. 36% more than Italy
Trade > Imports > Goods and services > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	0.263 BoP $ per $1 of GDP Ranked 116th.	0.307 BoP $ per $1 of GDP Ranked 102nd. 17% more than Italy
Economic importance	20.4 Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Spain	8.1 Ranked 9th.
Stock of direct foreign investment > At home per capita	$7,515.02 Ranked 37th.	$15,693.03 Ranked 20th. 2 times more than Italy
Economic aid > Donor per capita	$60.85 Ranked 18th.	$83.72 Ranked 16th. 38% more than Italy
Reserves > Total reserves minus gold > Current US$	$50.50 billion Ranked 30th. 42% more than Spain	$35.52 billion Ranked 43th.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$16,802.97 Ranked 21st. 20% more than Spain	$14,011.81 Ranked 24th.
Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$	$1.38 trillion Ranked 8th. 56% more than Spain	$884.57 billion Ranked 12th.
Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$	$383.62 billion Ranked 10th. 41% more than Spain	$271.18 billion Ranked 17th.
World Bank exchange rate	0.72 Ranked 157th. The same as Spain	0.72 Ranked 154th.
Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Net trade in goods > US$	$3.26 billion Ranked 32nd.	$-62,832,739,909.21 Ranked 139th.
Trade > Exports > Goods	403.9 billion Ranked 8th. 41% more than Spain	286.81 billion Ranked 11th.
Financial sector > Exchange rates and prices > GDP deflator > Base year varies by country	125.91 Ranked 132nd.	135.66 Ranked 116th. 8% more than Italy
Electricity > Production	269.6 billion kWh Ranked 13th.	275.1 billion kWh Ranked 12th. 2% more than Italy
Electricity > Imports per capita	738.46 kWh Ranked 15th. 4 times more than Spain	176.52 kWh Ranked 32nd.
GDP growth > Duration 1980-2000	43% Ranked 37th.	68% Ranked 18th. 58% more than Italy
Gender income ratio	0.44% Ranked 49th. 2% more than Spain	0.43% Ranked 50th.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	11,504.4 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 14th. 21% more than Spain	9,470.26 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 16th.
Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ per capita	6,191.11$ Ranked 15th.	7,609.48$ Ranked 7th. 23% more than Italy
Gross national expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	1$ per $1 of GDP Ranked 97th.	1.05$ per $1 of GDP Ranked 74th. 5% more than Italy
Patent applications > Residents	9,255 Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Spain	3,632 Ranked 10th.
GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ > Per capita	30,251.34$ per capita Ranked 19th. 20% more than Spain	25,251.67$ per capita Ranked 23th.
Income > GDP, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita	$26,310.46 Ranked 31st.	$26,395.46 Ranked 30th. About the same as Italy
Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$26,141.81 Ranked 23th. About the same as Spain	$26,092.42 Ranked 24th.
Income > GNI, PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$1.59 trillion Ranked 11th. 32% more than Spain	$1.21 trillion Ranked 15th.
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$	38.26 billion$ Ranked 5th.	52.96 billion$ Ranked 2nd. 38% more than Italy
Terms of trade	132 Ranked 9th. 5% more than Spain	126 Ranked 12th.
Oil > Production per thousand people	2.51 bbl/day Ranked 67th. 4 times more than Spain	0.651 bbl/day Ranked 88th.
Gross savings > Current US$ per capita	5,967.15$ Ranked 12th. 3% more than Spain	5,775.06$ Ranked 13th.
Innovation > Patent applications, nonresidents per million	15.27 Ranked 58th. 4 times more than Spain	4.24 Ranked 75th.
Innovation > Patent applications, residents	8,794 Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Spain	3,430 Ranked 15th.
Trade > Exports > Export growth in USD	168.61 Ranked 101st.	194.53 Ranked 88th. 15% more than Italy
Trade > Imports > By good > Silver platinum etc	595,983 Ranked 6th. 7 times more than Spain	81,958 Ranked 16th.
Auchan > Auchan around the world > First store	1989	1981
Innovation > Scientific and technical journal articles	26,755.3 Ranked 9th. 24% more than Spain	21,542.6 Ranked 11th.
GDP > PPP > Current international $ per capita	28,529.1 PPP $ Ranked 23th. 5% more than Spain	27,169.18 PPP $ Ranked 25th.
Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU per capita	9,777.03 Ranked 60th. 83% more than Spain	5,349.59 Ranked 82nd.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number per 1000	77.88 Ranked 1st. 7% more than Spain	73.02 Ranked 2nd.
Transnational corporations > Affiliates	1,769 Ranked 40th.	7,465 Ranked 14th. 4 times more than Italy
Tax > Social security contributions	36.14% Ranked 12th.	52.09% Ranked 2nd. 44% more than Italy
Tax > Taxes on income > Profits and capital gains > Current LCU	208 billion Ranked 23th. 3 times more than Spain	76.88 billion Ranked 40th.
Tax > Components of taxation > Social security > Employees contribution	5.6% Ranked 24th. The same as Spain	5.6% Ranked 23th.
Imports > Partners	Germany 15.7%, France 8.9%, China 7%, Netherlands 5.8%, Spain 4.8%, Belgium 4.1%	Germany 11.8%, France 11.5%, Italy 6.7%, China 5.6%, Netherlands 5.4%, UK 4.1%
Oil > Imports per thousand people	29.9 bbl/day Ranked 45th.	34.5 bbl/day Ranked 31st. 15% more than Italy
Oil > Imports	1.8 million bbl/day Ranked 10th. 14% more than Spain	1.58 million bbl/day Ranked 11th.
Electricity > Production per capita	4,478.95 kWh Ranked 38th.	5,992.34 kWh Ranked 29th. 34% more than Italy
Market value of publicly traded shares	$431.50 billion Ranked 20th.	$1.03 trillion Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Italy
Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > Gross domestic product per million	$29.94 Billion US dollars, curre Ranked 20th.	$30.87 Billion US dollars, curre Ranked 19th. 3% more than Italy
GDP growth > Duration 1975-2000	2.1% Ranked 40th.	2.2% Ranked 37th. 5% more than Italy
Trade > Imports > By good > Passenger cars etc	25.85 million Ranked 3rd. 58% more than Spain	16.35 million Ranked 7th.
Trade balance with US	$-3,562,600,000.00 Ranked 216th. 26 times more than Spain	$-137,000,000.00 Ranked 171st.
Services > Etc. > Value added > Constant 2000 US$	710.82 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 5th. 73% more than Spain	411.71 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 6th.
Merchandise > Exports > Current US$	367.2 billion$ Ranked 8th. 96% more than Spain	187.18 billion$ Ranked 16th.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$	1.04 trillion$ Ranked 4th. 60% more than Spain	649.42 billion$ Ranked 6th.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita	17,698.86$ per capita Ranked 13th. 18% more than Spain	14,964.21$ per capita Ranked 14th.
Trade > Exports > Goods and services > Constant 2000 US$	288.54 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 8th. 50% more than Spain	192.98 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 11th.
Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$	362.84 billion$ Ranked 5th. 10% more than Spain	330.24 billion$ Ranked 6th.
Research and development spending	1% Ranked 28th. 25% more than Spain	0.8% Ranked 32nd.
Aid > Untied given	$864.79 million Ranked 15th.	$1,775.60 million Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Italy
Tax > Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours	314 Ranked 54th. 47% more than Spain	213 Ranked 94th.
Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Net errors and omissions > Adjusted > BoP > Current US$	$45.20 billion Ranked 2nd.	$-5,074,066,663.64 Ranked 128th.
Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports of goods > Services > Income and wo	$572.33 billion Ranked 9th. 39% more than Spain	$410.36 billion Ranked 12th.
Intellectual property > Patent applications	27,679 Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Spain	8,277 Ranked 17th.
Commercial service imports > Current US$ > Per capita	1,516.69$ per capita Ranked 34th. 1% more than Spain	1,501.43$ per capita Ranked 35th.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	-11.988 BoP $ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 115th.	-14.372 BoP $ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 117th. 20% more than Italy
Commercial service imports > Current US$	88.89 billion$ Ranked 6th. 36% more than Spain	65.16 billion$ Ranked 10th.
Trade > Imports of goods > Services and income > BoP > Current US$ per capita	9,243.43 BoP $ Ranked 34th.	9,352 BoP $ Ranked 33th. 1% more than Italy
Net income > BoP > Current US$ per million	-291,403,202.171 BoP $ Ranked 104th.	-494,308,477.669 BoP $ Ranked 118th. 70% more than Italy
Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$ per capita	33.14 BoP $ Ranked 33th.	60.81 BoP $ Ranked 23th. 84% more than Italy
Government > Revenue > Tax > Corporate tax	31.4% Ranked 3rd. 14% more than Spain	27.5% Ranked 14th.
Natural gas > Proved reserves per capita	1,046.88 cu m Ranked 71st. 19 times more than Spain	55.18 cu m Ranked 95th.
Natural gas > Consumption	82.98 billion cu m Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Spain	35.82 billion cu m Ranked 19th.
Natural gas > Proved reserves	63.57 billion cu m Ranked 57th. 25 times more than Spain	2.55 billion cu m Ranked 91st.
External debt > Date of information	30 June 2006 est.	30 June 2006 est.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Per 1,000 people	77.88 per 1,000 people Ranked 1st. 7% more than Spain	73.02 per 1,000 people Ranked 3rd.
Tourism > International tourism, receipts for travel items > Current US$ per capita	$712.13 Ranked 48th.	$1,301.75 Ranked 26th. 83% more than Italy
Tourism > International tourism, number of departures	29.3 million Ranked 8th. 2 times more than Spain	13.35 million Ranked 18th.
Tourism > International tourism, expenditures > Current US$	$35.72 billion Ranked 10th. 54% more than Spain	$23.21 billion Ranked 14th.
Public expenditure > Health expenditure > Total expenditure on health	9% Ranked 15th. 7% more than Spain	8.4% Ranked 18th.
Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > Gross domestic product	$1,802.18 Billion US dollars, curre Ranked 6th. 27% more than Spain	$1,417.37 Billion US dollars, curre Ranked 8th.
Economic growth > Inflation > GDP deflator	2.26% Ranked 19th.	3.17% Ranked 9th. 40% more than Italy
Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations per million	1.1 Ranked 159th. 11% more than Spain	0.995 Ranked 160th.
International tourism > Receipts for travel items > Current US$	$46.23 billion Ranked 5th.	$61.98 billion Ranked 3rd. 34% more than Italy
Tourism receipts > International > Per $ GDP	$21.71 per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 99th.	$47.09 per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 60th. 2 times more than Italy
Trade > Tariffs > Binding coverage > All products	99.98% Ranked 15th. The same as Spain	99.98% Ranked 4th.
GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ > Per capita	25,381.09 PPP 2000 $ per capita Ranked 22nd. 5% more than Spain	24,171.24 PPP 2000 $ per capita Ranked 23th.
GDP > PPP > Current international $ > Per capita	28,529.09 PPP $ per capita Ranked 22nd. 5% more than Spain	27,169.18 PPP $ per capita Ranked 23th.
Financial sector > Interest rates > Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate	4.88% Ranked 97th. 3 times more than Spain	1.81% Ranked 136th.
International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$	26.46 billion$ Ranked 5th. 43% more than Spain	18.44 billion$ Ranked 9th.
Tax > Tax payments > Number per million	0.246 Ranked 167th. 42% more than Spain	0.173 Ranked 173th.
Trade > Exports > Per $ GDP	$0.23 per $1 of GDP Ranked 104th. 28% more than Spain	$0.18 per $1 of GDP Ranked 125th.
Purchasing power parity > PPP conversion factor > Private > Consumption > LCU per international $	$0.86 Ranked 135th. 9% more than Spain	$0.79 Ranked 137th.
Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$1.60 trillion Ranked 11th. 29% more than Spain	$1.24 trillion Ranked 13th.
Trade > Exports > Export growth	88.65 Ranked 117th.	122.14 Ranked 80th. 38% more than Italy
Tourism expenditures > International	$24.06 billion Ranked 5th. 80% more than Spain	$13.34 billion Ranked 10th.
Trade > Exports > By good > Perfume toilet cosmetics	1.94 million Ranked 4th. 57% more than Spain	1.23 million Ranked 5th.

SOURCES: CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; Wikipedia: List of countries by public debt (List) (Public debt , The World Factbook , United States Central Intelligence Agency , accessed on March 21, 2013.); World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; CIA World Factbook 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Human Development Report 2006, United Nations Development Programme; World Tourism Organisation, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.; World Development Indicators database; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics. World Bank World Development Indicators.; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/jsp/index.jsp).; . Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; KPMG's Individual Income Tax and Social Security Rate Survey 2009 (www.kpmg.com), and PricewaterhouseCoopers's Worldwide Tax Summaries Online (www.pwc.com).; Angus Maddison; World economic forum - Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; CIA World Factbook 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/14/hdr2013_en_complete.pdf, United Nations Development Programme, 2013. Table 3, p. 152 ff.; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators.; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data; World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Angus Maddison; International Finance Corporation's micro, small, and medium-size enterprises database (http://www.ifc.org/ifcext/sme.nsf/Content/Resources).; International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and official national sources.; FTDWebMaster, Foreign Trade Division, U.S. Census Bureau; Wikipedia: List of countries by public debt (List); International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators.; OECD; The Heritage Foundation; Global Stock Markets Factbook; Wikipedia: List of countries by corporate governance; World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division; Global Stock Markets Factbook. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: World distribution of wealth (North America); KPMG's Corporate and Indirect Tax Rate Survey 2009 (www.kpmg.com), and PricewaterhouseCoopers's Worldwide Tax Summaries Online (www.pwc.com).; United Nations, Comtrade database.; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/).; OECD Revenue Statistics; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.; Wikipedia: List of sovereign states by external assets. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank, International Comparison Program database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank, International Comparison Program database.; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009; OECD; Various sources compiled into Wikipedia's List of IKEA stores; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Data for 2008 available here.; The World Bank. Source tables; Wikipedia: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (Indicators) ("World Development Indicators" . World Bank . 2013-07-01 . Retrieved 2013-07-03 .); World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), World Intellectual Property Indicators and www.wipo.int/econ_stat. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of countries by public debt (List) (Government net & gross debt 2013 , International Monetary Fund , April 2013 World Economic Outlook Databse.); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; https://www.allianz.com/v_1380187782000/media/economic_research/publications/specials/en/AGWR2013e.pdf, August 2013, p. 115.; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank. 2005. World Development Indicators 2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; OECD. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; World Bank. 2005. World Development Indicators 2005.; US Census Bureau; Source: World Tourism Organization Statistics Database and Yearbook | United Nations World Tourism Organization; United Nations Development Program. Human Development Report 2001. New York: Oxford University Press,2001, Table A2.1. via ciesin.org; Wikipedia: List of countries with IKEA stores; United Nations Statistics Division. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization National Health Account database (see http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx for the most recent updates).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Monetary Fund; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Porter, Michael E. and Scott Stern, National Innovative Capacity, Chapter 2.2 in Porter, Michael, and JeffreySachs (eds.), The Global Competitiveness Report 2001-2002, New York: Oxford University Press, 2001, p.104. via ciesin.org; Doing Business, Economy Rankings, 2005.; International Monetary Fund, Financial Access Survey. World Bank World Development Indicators.; Wikipedia: Apple Store (Locations); Wikipedia: Carrefour (Europe); IMD International, 2005; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of countries by public debt (List) (Government net & gross debt 2013 , International Monetary Fund , April 2013 World Economic Outlook Databse.). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Median household income (International statistics) (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/PA.NUS.PPPC.RF?order=wbapi_data_value_2012+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&sort=desc); World economic forum - Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005; Madison 2006, p. 185; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization). 2001. Intellectual Property Statistics. Publication A. Geneva; International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO; World Steel Association: World Crude Steel Production; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO; Wikipedia: List of countries by tax rates (Countries); cgdev.org/cdi; FTDWebMaster, Foreign Trade Division, U.S. Census Bureau. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; IMD International; National Science Foundation, Science and Engineering Indicators.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of countries by patents (Top 20 countries); World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; Economic Importance, 1998 (GDP x PC Inc) figures in quadrillion people dollars; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics, supplemented by World Bank staff estimates.; x; Per Capita GDP Growth IMF; Human Development Reports, United Nations 2002; World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), WIPO Patent Report: Statistics on Worldwide Patent Activity. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.; calculated on the basis of data on terms of trade from World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), World Intellectual Property Indicators and www.wipo.int/econ_stat. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Handbook of Statistics and data files, and International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO; Various sources compiled into Wikipedia's Auchan; World Investment Report 2001, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD); International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank. 2002. Correspondence on GDP per capita annual growth rates. March. Washington, DC; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; aggregates calculated for the Human Development Report Office by the World Bank; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of countries by external debt; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from World Trade Organisation.; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO

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