Education Stats: compare key data on Austria & Canada

Definitions

Average years of schooling of adults: Average years of schooling of adults is the years of formal schooling received, on average, by adults over age 15. (Data Source: Barro-Lee Data Set www.worldbank.org/html/prdmg/grthweb/ddbarle2.htm)
Children out of school, primary: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
Children out of school, primary per 1000: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Children out of school, primary, female: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
College and university > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for college and university enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
College and university > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to post-secondary education.
Compulsary education duration: Number of years students are required to be enrolled in school for all levels of education. For instance, compulsary education lasts for 12 years in the United States.
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP: Percentage of public funding for education out of country's total GDP.
Homeschooling legal status: Legal status of homeschooling.
Literacy > Total population: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Primary education, duration > Years: Primary education, duration (years). Duration of primary is the number of grades (years) in primary education.
Primary education, teachers per 1000: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Primary is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers.
Secondary education, duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years). Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (years) in secondary education (ISCED 2 & 3).
Average IQ: Average IQ of different countries according to the controversial book "IQ and the Wealth of Nations".
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
College and university > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
Child care (preschool) > Duration: Number of years students study at the pre-primary (preschool) level. It should be noted that not all countries require pre-primary education.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Duration of compulsory education: Duration of compulsory education is the number of grades (or years) that a child must legally be enrolled in school.
Secondary education, pupils: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions.
College and university > Private school share: Percentage of post-secondary students who attend a private school, college, or university.
School life expectancy > Total: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Primary education, pupils: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions.
Primary education, teachers: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Tertiary enrollment: Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary level is the sum of all tertiary level students enrolled at the start of the school year, expressed as a percentage of the mid-year population in the 5 year age group after the official secondary school leaving age.
Spending per student > College and university: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
High school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Compulsary education starting age: Age at which children must be enrolled in school.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Definition: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
High school > Upper secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the upper secondary (high school) level.
Spending > USD: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment."
High school > Private school share: Percentage of secondary students who attend a private school.
Spending > Proportion: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. Expressed as a proportion of GNI."
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Child care (preschool) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin pre-primary (preschool) education.
Preschool enrollment rate: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
Tertiary > Students studying abroad: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year.
Teachers as percentage of labor force: The percentage share of the total labor force who are classroom, academic staff, and other teachers. Data for 1999.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Elementary (primary school) > Duration: Number of years students study at the primary level.
Secondary education, teachers per 1000: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education, teachers: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for pre-primary (preschool) education.
Mathematical literacy: Mathematical literacy mean value of performance scale 15 years old 2000
High school > Lower secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the lower secondary (middle school) level.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scientific literacy: Scientific literacy mean value of performance scale 15 years old (2000)
Secondary education, general pupils: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
Reading literacy: Reading literacy mean value of performance scale (15 years old, 2000)
High school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for secondary level enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve: Access and retrieve.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female: Percentage of country's college and university professors that are female.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion: The number of students from a given country studying abroad in a given year, expressed as a percentage of total tertiary enrollment in that country. Ratios greater than 100 % are possible, because those currently studying abroad do not count towards total enrollment.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scouting > Genders admitted: Admits boys/girls.
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin primary education.
Children out of school, primary, male: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
High school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for all levels of secondary education.
Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.
Secondary school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age (years). Entrance age of 2A lower secondary is the age at which students would enter lower secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
High school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age is the age at which students would enter secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Educational attainment > Tertiary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till tertiary level (year 2000).
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women: Population with at least high school education > Women.
Elementary school graduate rate: Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Schools connected to the Internet: Schools connected to the Internet are the share of primary and secondary schools in the country that have access to the Internet.
Secondary education, pupils per 1000: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Primary education, pupils per 1000: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Universities > Top 100: Number of universities in the top 100
Student attitude > Dislike of school: Percentage of schoolgoing children who do not like going to school (2000).
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years) is the number of grades (years) in secondary school."
Teacher student ratio > High school: Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Class size > Age 13: The average number of 13-year-old students per class.
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries: Percentage of public education funding for all levels that goes to teachers' salaries.
Elementary school > Enrolled students: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret: Integrate and interpret.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
High school > Lower secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin lower secondary (middle school) education.
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share: Percentage of primary students who attend a private school.
Elementary school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Duration of education > Secondary level: Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (or years) in general secondary education.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level: Public expenditure per student, tertiary level is the total reported current spending by the government on tertiary education, divided by the total number of pupils in tertiary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Primary education > Pupils: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men: Gender Inequality Index.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Secondary education, vocational pupils: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for education that goes to school staff salaries.
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for primary education.
Secondary education > Teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Scientific and technical journal articles per million: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts: Non-continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts: Continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Duration of education > Primary level: Duration of primary education is the number of grades (or years) in primary education.
Expected duration of education for all students: Expected years of schooling for a 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate: Reflect and evaluate.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Educational attainment > Senior secondary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till senior secondary level (year 2000).
High school > Upper secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin upper secondary (high school) education.
Elementary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Student attitude > Find school boring: Percentage of students who do find school boring (2000).
Elementary school repeaters > All: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
School life expectancy > Male: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Universities > Top 200: Number of universities in the top 200
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad.
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge per million: Investment in knowledge is defined and calculated as the sum of expenditure on R&D, on total higher education (public and private) and on software. Simple summation of the three components would lead to overestimation of the investment in knowledge owing to overlaps (R&D and software, R&D and education, software and education). Therefore, data reported here have been adjusted to exclude the overlaps between components.
Note that as the term is used here, "investment” has a broader connotation than its usual meaning in economic statistics. It includes current expenditures, such as on education and R&D, as well as capital outlays, such as purchases of software and construction of school buildings. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in primary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
Elementary (primary school) > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female: Percentage of country's elementary, or primary, teachers that are female.
Primary education > Teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.
Students from households with computer > Age 13: Percentage of 13-year-old students who come from households with at least one computer.
Expenditure on education > Change in expenditure on education > Expenditure in tertiary education: The indicator shows direct public and private expenditure on educational institutions in relation to the number of full-time equivalent students enrolled in these institutions. Public subsidies for students’ living expenses have been excluded to ensure international comparability of the data.
Expenditure on education per student is obtained by dividing the total expenditure on educational institutions by the number of full-time equivalents students. Only those educational institutions and programmes are taken into account for which both enrolment and expenditure data are available.
Private school enrolment > Primary level: Private sector enrolment share, primary level is the share of primary school pupils who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Educational attainment > Junior secondary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till junior secondary level (year 2000).
Primary education > Teachers per 1000: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Female enrolment share > Primary level: Girls' enrolment share, primary level is the number of girls enrolled in primary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in primary school.
Student attitude > Report class disorder: Percentage of students who report high noise level and disorder in classes (2000).
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge: Investment in knowledge is defined and calculated as the sum of expenditure on R&D, on total higher education (public and private) and on software. Simple summation of the three components would lead to overestimation of the investment in knowledge owing to overlaps (R&D and software, R&D and education, software and education). Therefore, data reported here have been adjusted to exclude the overlaps between components.
Note that as the term is used here, "investment” has a broader connotation than its usual meaning in economic statistics. It includes current expenditures, such as on education and R&D, as well as capital outlays, such as purchases of software and construction of school buildings.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Universities > Top 200 per million: Number of universities in the top 200. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Primary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age (years). Entrance age of primary is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
Scouting > Members: Members of boy or girl scout groups which are members of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM).
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level: Net enrolment ratio, secondary level, is the ratio of the number of children of official secondary school age enrolled in school to the number of children of official secondary school age in the population.
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index in primary, or elementary, school. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level: Girls' enrolment share, secondary level is the number of girls enrolled in secondary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in secondary school.
Private school enrolment > Secondary level: Private sector enrolment share, secondary level is the share of students in general secondary education who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scouting > Members per thousand people: Membership (from 2012). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64: For each age group shown, those who have completed tertiary education are shown as a percentage of all persons in that age group. Tertiary education includes both tertiary-type "A programmes”, which are largely theoretically-based and designed to provide qualifications for entry to advanced research programmes and professions with high skill requirements, as well as tertiary-type "B programmes” which are classified at the same level of competencies as tertiary-type A programmes but are more occupationally-oriented and lead to direct labour market access. The tertiary attainment profiles are based on the percentage of the population aged 25 to 64 that has completed that level of education.
School life expectancy > Female: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Elementary school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
Elementary school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
High school teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Elementary school teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Students from households with computer > Age 13 per million: Percentage of 13-year-old students who come from households with at least one computer. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Teacher qualifications > Years experience > Age 13: The average number of years of teaching experience, for teachers of students aged 13.
Students from households with more than 25 books > Age 13: Percentage of 13 year-old students who come from households owning more than 25 books.
Universities > Top 100 per million: Number of universities in the top 100. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 15 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Students from households with study desk > Age 13: Percentage of 13-year-old students who come from households with at least one study desk.
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 20 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 200 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 billion $ gross domestic product.
Primary education > Pupils per 1000: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in secondary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
Students from households with calculator > Age 13: Percentage of 13-year-old students who come from households containing at least one calculator.
Young longtext readers: Share of 15-year-olds who are frequent longtext readers(2000)
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Young shorttext readers: Share of 15-year-olds who are frequent shorttext (particularly comics) readers (2000)
Primary teacher age > Proportion aged 30-39: Percentage of primary teachers who are aged 30-39. Data for 1999.
Universities > Top 100 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 100 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 14.1 billion $ gross domestic product.
Students from households with more than 25 books > Age 13 per million: Percentage of 13 year-old students who come from households owning more than 25 books. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Students living with mother > Age 13: Percentage of 13-year-old students who live with their mother.
Students from households with dictionary > Age 13: The percentage of 13-year-old students who come from a household with a dictionary.
Students whose mothers have secondary education > Age 13: Percentage of 13-year-old students whose mothers have at least secondary education.
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 16 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 19 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Expected duration of education for males: Expected years of schooling for a male 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education (% of total unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Primary education > Pupils > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at primary level include enrollments in public and private schools.
Primary education > Pupils > Per capita: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Researchers in R&D > Per million people: Researchers in R&D (per million people). Researchers in R&D are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods, or systems and in the management of the projects concerned. Postgraduate PhD students (ISCED97 level 6) engaged in R&D are included.
Elementary school graduate rate > Female: Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Inputs > Secondary education > Teachers > Female: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Male: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Female: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils > % female: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training."
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training."
Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > Male > % net: Total enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group."
Preschool enrollment rate > Female: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment."
Preschool enrollment rate > Male: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment."
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Female: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Male: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed tertiary > Tertiary > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds: Percentage of population older than 24 years that has completed tertiary education.
Unemployment with secondary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with secondary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Public spending on education, total > % of GDP: Public spending on education, total (% of GDP). Public expenditure on education as % of GDP is the total public expenditure (current and capital) on education expressed as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in a given year. Public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration, and transfers/subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).
Unemployment with primary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with primary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Labor force with tertiary education, male > % of male labor force: Labor force with tertiary education, male (% of male labor force). Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Unemployment with tertiary education, female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education, female (% of female unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Unemployment with tertiary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Proportion of 18 year olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 18 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
School enrollment > Preprimary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment.
School enrollment > Primary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
Primary education > Teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Male > % of relevant age group: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.
Primary teacher age > Proportion aged 40-49: Percentage of primary teachers who are ages 40-49. Data for 1999.
Proportion of 17 year olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 17 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Government spending on education > % of GDP: Public expenditure on education consists of current and capital public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education > %: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education (%). Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
School enrollment, preprimary, female > % gross: School enrollment, preprimary, female (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Pre-primary. Female is the total female enrollment in pre-primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total female population of official pre-primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
School enrollment, preprimary, male > % gross: School enrollment, preprimary, male (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Pre-primary. Male is the total male enrollment in pre-primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total male population of official pre-primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
Secondary education, pupils > % female: Secondary education, pupils (% female). Percentage of female students. Total secondary. All programmes is the number of female students enrolled in all secondary education programmes expressed as a percentage of the total number of students (male and female) enrolled at the secondary education level in a given school year.
Secondary education, vocational pupils per 1000: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education, teachers, female per 1000: Secondary education, teachers, female. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Female is the total number of female teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Government spending on education > % of government spending: Public expenditure on education consists of current and capital public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
Primary teacher age > Proportion aged 50-59: Percentage of primary teachers aged 50-59. Data for 1999.
Adjusted savings: education expenditure > % of GNI: Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI). Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment.
Primary teacher age > Proportion under 30: Percentage of primary teachers who are less than 30 years of age. Data for 1999.
Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment > %: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment (%). Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
Persistence to last grade of primary, total > % of cohort: Persistence to last grade of primary, total (% of cohort). Survival rate to last grade of primary. Total is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary. The estimate is calculated on the basis of the reconstructed cohort method, which uses data on enrolment and repeaters for two consecutive years.
School enrollment, primary > % gross: School enrollment, primary (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Primary. Total is the total enrollment in primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of official primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
School enrollment, primary, male > % net: School enrollment, primary, male (% net). Net enrolment rate. Primary. Male is the ratio of male children of the official primary school age who are enrolled in primary school to the male population of the official primary school age.
Persistence to last grade of primary, female > % of cohort: Persistence to last grade of primary, female (% of cohort). Survival rate to last grade of primary. Female is the share of female children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary. The estimate is calculated on the basis of the reconstructed cohort method, which uses data on enrolment and repeaters for two consecutive years.
Primary teacher age > Proportion under 30 per million: Percentage of primary teachers who are less than 30 years of age. Data for 1999. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Repeaters, primary, male > % of male enrollment: Repeaters, primary, male (% of male enrollment). Percentage of repeaters in primary. All grades. Male is the number of male students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all male students enrolled in primary school. It is calculated by dividing the sum of male repeaters in all grades of primary education by the total male enrolment of primary education and multiplying the result by 100.
Expected duration of education for females: Expected years of schooling for a female 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.

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STAT	Austria	Canada
Average years of schooling of adults	8.4 Ranked 26th.	11.6 Ranked 4th. 38% more than Austria
Children out of school, primary	22,905 Ranked 44th. 12 times more than Canada	1,892 Ranked 100th.
Children out of school, primary per 1000	3.01 Ranked 45th. 49 times more than Canada	0.0615 Ranked 118th.
Children out of school, primary, female	10,186 Ranked 36th. 6 times more than Canada	1,762 Ranked 86th.
College and university > Gender parity index	1.19 Ranked 45th.	1.34 Ranked 28th. 13% more than Austria
College and university > Share of total education spending	27.71% Ranked 19th.	35.39% Ranked 4th. 28% more than Austria
Compulsary education duration	9 Ranked 95th.	11 Ranked 47th. 22% more than Austria
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP	5.89% Ranked 30th. 7% more than Canada	5.5% Ranked 44th.
Homeschooling legal status	Legal under restrictive conditions, homeschooling is allowed as long as the instruction is at least equal to that of the state school.	Legal under regulating conditions (Alberta – regulation, British Columbia – registration, Manitoba – permit, Newfoundland – permit, New Brunswick – permit, Northwest Territories – regulation, Nova Scotia – regulation, Ontario – regulation, Prince Edward Island – regulation, Quebec – permit, Saskatchewan – permit, Yukon – regulation)
Literacy > Total population	98% Ranked 7th.	99% Ranked 30th. 1% more than Austria
Primary education, duration > Years	4 Ranked 185th.	6 Ranked 145th. 50% more than Austria
Primary education, teachers per 1000	3.56 Ranked 97th.	4.58 Ranked 75th. 29% more than Austria
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary	10.89 Ranked 120th.	17.42 Ranked 113th. 60% more than Austria
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary	9.68 Ranked 83th.	18.8 Ranked 21st. 94% more than Austria
Secondary education, duration > Years	8 Ranked 5th. 33% more than Canada	6 Ranked 164th.
Average IQ	102 Ranked 7th. 5% more than Canada	97 Ranked 16th.
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000	1.34 Ranked 41st. 23 times more than Canada	0.0578 Ranked 104th.
College and university > Gender ratio	118.52 Ranked 52nd.	135.79 Ranked 36th. 15% more than Austria
Child care (preschool) > Duration	3 Ranked 44th. 50% more than Canada	2 Ranked 191st.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita	8.8 per 1,000 people Ranked 24th. 85% more than Canada	4.76 per 1,000 people Ranked 70th.
Duration of compulsory education	9 years Ranked 72nd.	11 years Ranked 32nd. 22% more than Austria
Secondary education, pupils	723,523 Ranked 58th.	2.61 million Ranked 35th. 4 times more than Austria
College and university > Private school share	16.27% Ranked 72nd.	0.0 Ranked 64th.
Girls to boys ratio > Primary level enrolment	1 Ranked 24th. The same as Canada	1 Ranked 45th.
School life expectancy > Total	14.7 years Ranked 19th.	14.8 years Ranked 18th. 1% more than Austria
Primary education, pupils	326,351 Ranked 95th.	2.17 million Ranked 48th. 7 times more than Austria
Primary education, teachers	29,957 Ranked 68th.	141,045 Ranked 29th. 5 times more than Austria
Tertiary enrollment	57.7% Ranked 12th.	60% Ranked 1st. 4% more than Austria
Spending per student > College and university	47.4 Ranked 11th. 8% more than Canada	44 Ranked 6th.
High school > Gender ratio	95.95 Ranked 79th.	97.9 Ranked 89th. 2% more than Austria
Compulsary education starting age	6 Ranked 61st. The same as Canada	6 Ranked 143th.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million	1.15 Ranked 66th. 81% more than Canada	0.634 Ranked 49th.
Literacy > Definition	age 15 and over can read and write	age 15 and over can read and write
High school > Upper secondary school duration	4 Ranked 16th. The same as Canada	4 Ranked 49th.
Spending > USD	21.78 billion Ranked 24th.	66.53 billion Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Austria
High school > Private school share	9.49% Ranked 78th. 32% more than Canada	7.2% Ranked 90th.
Spending > Proportion	5.3 Ranked 39th. 11% more than Canada	4.78 Ranked 57th.
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary	13.13 Ranked 127th.	17.42 Ranked 123th. 33% more than Austria
Child care (preschool) > Starting age	3 Ranked 93th.	4 Ranked 63th. 33% more than Austria
Preschool enrollment rate	99.67 Ranked 89th. 1% more than Canada	98.84 Ranked 107th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad	13,873.52 Ranked 58th.	45,693.45 Ranked 15th. 3 times more than Austria
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level	229,802 Ranked 56th.	1.19 million Ranked 21st. 5 times more than Austria
Teachers as percentage of labor force	4.7% Ranked 11th. 34% more than Canada	3.5% Ranked 27th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall	470 Ranked 37th.	524 Ranked 4th. 11% more than Austria
Elementary (primary school) > Duration	4 Ranked 195th.	6 Ranked 154th. 50% more than Austria
Secondary education, teachers per 1000	8.87 Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Canada	4.17 Ranked 13th.
Secondary education, teachers	74,754 Ranked 32nd.	126,098 Ranked 8th. 69% more than Austria
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher	12.02 Ranked 85th.	17.72 Ranked 70th. 48% more than Austria
Mathematical literacy	515 Ranked 11th.	533 Ranked 5th. 3% more than Austria
High school > Lower secondary school duration	4 Ranked 30th. Twice as much as Canada	2 Ranked 204th.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000	1.67 Ranked 39th. 14 times more than Canada	0.116 Ranked 99th.
Scientific literacy	519 Ranked 8th.	529 Ranked 5th. 2% more than Austria
Secondary education, general pupils	438,879.16 Ranked 72nd.	2.65 million Ranked 8th. 6 times more than Austria
Reading literacy	507 Ranked 12th.	534 Ranked 2nd. 5% more than Austria
High school > Gender parity index	0.963 Ranked 73th.	0.979 Ranked 94th. 2% more than Austria
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills	470 Ranked 37th.	524 Ranked 4th. 11% more than Austria
Scientific and technical journal articles	4,906 Ranked 24th.	24,803 Ranked 7th. 5 times more than Austria
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve	477 Ranked 33th.	517 Ranked 7th. 8% more than Austria
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female	39% Ranked 41st.	41% Ranked 1st. 5% more than Austria
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion	3.83% Ranked 73th. 52% more than Canada	2.53% Ranked 86th.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000	28.43 Ranked 54th.	38.37 Ranked 27th. 35% more than Austria
Scouting > Genders admitted	both	both
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age	6 Ranked 74th. The same as Canada	6 Ranked 179th.
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of total government	10.8% Ranked 64th.	12.5% Ranked 58th. 16% more than Austria
Children out of school, primary, male	12,719 Ranked 36th. 4 times more than Canada	3,523 Ranked 78th.
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of GNI	5.5% Ranked 36th. 2% more than Canada	5.4% Ranked 47th.
High school > Students per teacher	9.68 Ranked 84th.	18.8 Ranked 21st. 94% more than Austria
Secondary education > General pupils	478,230 Ranked 72nd.	2.61 million Ranked 29th. 5 times more than Austria
Secondary school starting age > Years	10 Ranked 188th.	12 Ranked 135th. 20% more than Austria
High school starting age > Years	10 Ranked 165th.	12 Ranked 121st. 20% more than Austria
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita	3.47 per 1,000 people Ranked 105th.	4.54 per 1,000 people Ranked 86th. 31% more than Austria
Educational attainment > Tertiary	14% Ranked 17th.	42% Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Austria
Education enrolment by level > Primary level	379,920 Ranked 110th.	2.48 million Ranked 49th. 7 times more than Austria
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women	100% Ranked 1st. The same as Canada	100% Ranked 3rd.
Elementary school graduate rate	97.84 Ranked 21st. About the same as Canada	97.66 Ranked 7th.
Schools connected to the Internet	94% Ranked 15th.	97.7% Ranked 11th. 4% more than Austria
Secondary education, pupils per 1000	85.89 Ranked 60th. 12% more than Canada	76.53 Ranked 92nd.
Primary education, pupils per 1000	38.74 Ranked 146th.	63.53 Ranked 124th. 64% more than Austria
Girls to boys ratio > Tertiary level enrolment	1.2 Ranked 45th.	1.36 Ranked 36th. 13% more than Austria
Girls to boys ratio > Secondary level enrolment	0.95 Ranked 95th.	0.98 Ranked 109th. 3% more than Austria
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita	28.43 per 1,000 people Ranked 52nd.	38.37 per 1,000 people Ranked 27th. 35% more than Austria
Universities > Top 100	2 Ranked 15th.	3 Ranked 8th. 50% more than Austria
Student attitude > Dislike of school	29% Ranked 9th.	37% Ranked 3rd. 28% more than Austria
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people	1.65 Ranked 91st. 24% more than Canada	1.33 Ranked 101st.
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years	8 Ranked 6th. 33% more than Canada	6 Ranked 145th.
Teacher student ratio > High school	10.58 Ranked 71st.	18.4 Ranked 47th. 74% more than Austria
Inequality adjusted index	0.838 Ranked 19th.	0.879 Ranked 12th. 5% more than Austria
Class size > Age 13	4.7 students Ranked 29th.	17.8 students Ranked 19th. 4 times more than Austria
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school	11.63 Ranked 117th.	17.42 Ranked 116th. 50% more than Austria
Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries	62.69% Ranked 20th. 18% more than Canada	52.96% Ranked 27th.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5	98.5% Ranked 14th. 2% more than Canada	96.5% Ranked 19th.
Elementary school > Enrolled students	337,448 Ranked 91st.	2.31 million Ranked 46th. 7 times more than Austria
Primary education > Duration > Years	4 years Ranked 175th.	6 years Ranked 143th. 50% more than Austria
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$24,359.74 Ranked 10th. 7% more than Canada	$22,866.96 Ranked 13th.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade	102.28 Ranked 60th. 4% more than Canada	98.03 Ranked 97th.
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000	52.1 Ranked 114th.	87.49 Ranked 7th. 68% more than Austria
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret	471 Ranked 37th.	522 Ranked 4th. 11% more than Austria
High school > Lower secondary starting age	10 Ranked 195th.	12 Ranked 138th. 20% more than Austria
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share	5.81% Ranked 90th.	6.12% Ranked 90th. 5% more than Austria
Elementary school > Gender ratio	98.55 Ranked 64th.	99.53 Ranked 43th. 1% more than Austria
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level	97% Ranked 43th.	99% Ranked 27th. 2% more than Austria
Duration of education > Secondary level	8 Ranked 7th. 33% more than Canada	6 Ranked 136th.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level	51 Ranked 30th. 11% more than Canada	46.1 Ranked 34th.
Secondary education > Pupils	770,391 Ranked 55th.	2.71 million Ranked 27th. 4 times more than Austria
Primary education > Pupils	372,963 Ranked 105th.	2.46 million Ranked 51st. 7 times more than Austria
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men	100% Ranked 1st. The same as Canada	100% Ranked 3rd.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Tertiary level	52.99% Ranked 63th.	56.01% Ranked 40th. 6% more than Austria
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita	94.56 per 1,000 people Ranked 63th. 12% more than Canada	84.37 per 1,000 people Ranked 79th.
Secondary education, vocational pupils	284,644 Ranked 32nd.	0.0 Ranked 81st.
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries	73.82% Ranked 48th. 1% more than Canada	72.92% Ranked 50th.
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher	10.89 Ranked 122nd.	17.42 Ranked 119th. 60% more than Austria
Secondary education > Teachers	71,954 Ranked 46th.	147,890 Ranked 24th. 2 times more than Austria
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary	15 years Ranked 29th.	17 years Ranked 1st. 13% more than Austria
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level	764,426 Ranked 66th.	2.62 million Ranked 27th. 3 times more than Austria
Scientific and technical journal articles per million	604.08 Ranked 16th.	783.02 Ranked 9th. 30% more than Austria
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts	472 Ranked 34th.	527 Ranked 4th. 12% more than Austria
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts	470 Ranked 38th.	524 Ranked 4th. 11% more than Austria
Duration of education > Primary level	4 Ranked 156th.	6 Ranked 131st. 50% more than Austria
Expected duration of education for all students	15.9 years Ranked 21st.	16.5 years Ranked 16th. 4% more than Austria
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education	96.73% Ranked 86th.	98.66% Ranked 84th. 2% more than Austria
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary	9,979 Ranked 79th.	12,763 Ranked 74th. 28% more than Austria
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Primary level	48.55% Ranked 74th.	48.87% Ranked 41st. 1% more than Austria
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate	463 Ranked 38th.	535 Ranked 4th. 16% more than Austria
Educational attainment > Senior secondary	62% Ranked 1st. 55% more than Canada	40% Ranked 12th.
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Women	98% Ranked 25th.	100% Ranked 16th. 2% more than Austria
High school > Upper secondary starting age	14 Ranked 178th. The same as Canada	14 Ranked 200th.
Elementary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 69th. The same as Canada	6 Ranked 154th.
Student attitude > Find school boring	49% Ranked 11th.	58% Ranked 8th. 18% more than Austria
Elementary school repeaters > All	0.0 Ranked 114th.	0.0 Ranked 134th.
School life expectancy > Male	14.8 years Ranked 16th. 3% more than Canada	14.4 years Ranked 22nd.
Universities > Top 200	3 Ranked 19th.	8 Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Austria
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita	58.5 per 1,000 people Ranked 110th.	83.09 per 1,000 people Ranked 53th. 42% more than Austria
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000	47.01 Ranked 156th.	79.86 Ranked 130th. 70% more than Austria
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita	0.047 per capita Ranked 152nd.	0.08 per capita Ranked 130th. 70% more than Austria
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Men	96% Ranked 46th.	99% Ranked 31st. 3% more than Austria
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD	2.65% Ranked 8th. 40% more than Canada	1.89% Ranked 13th.
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge per million	0.406% Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Canada	0.146% Ranked 11th.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level	13.5 Ranked 24th.	15 Ranked 19th. 11% more than Austria
Elementary (primary school) > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female	90% Ranked 18th. 32% more than Canada	68% Ranked 2nd.
Primary education > Teachers	28,397 Ranked 68th.	141,045 Ranked 31st. 5 times more than Austria
Secondary education > Vocational pupils	292,161 Ranked 30th. 3 times more than Canada	103,143 Ranked 52nd.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Secondary level	47.46% Ranked 117th.	48.54% Ranked 96th. 2% more than Austria
Students from households with computer > Age 13	58% Ranked 11th.	59% Ranked 10th. 2% more than Austria
Expenditure on education > Change in expenditure on education > Expenditure in tertiary education	133.42 Index of change, year 200 Ranked 9th. 14% more than Canada	116.61 Index of change, year 200 Ranked 17th.
Private school enrolment > Primary level	4.2 Ranked 59th.	6.5 Ranked 26th. 55% more than Austria
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years	4 Ranked 162nd.	6 Ranked 132nd. 50% more than Austria
Educational attainment > Junior secondary	24% Ranked 10th. 33% more than Canada	18% Ranked 13th.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000	3.47 Ranked 107th.	4.54 Ranked 86th. 31% more than Austria
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000	94.27 Ranked 50th. 9% more than Canada	86.38 Ranked 72nd.
Female enrolment share > Primary level	48.5% Ranked 72nd.	48.8% Ranked 5th. 1% more than Austria
Student attitude > Report class disorder	19% Ranked 15th.	33% Ranked 7th. 74% more than Austria
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge	3.4% Ranked 13th.	4.93% Ranked 5th. 45% more than Austria
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$	$204.37 billion Ranked 18th.	$780.37 billion Ranked 6th. 4 times more than Austria
Universities > Top 200 per million	0.365 Ranked 12th. 47% more than Canada	0.248 Ranked 14th.
Primary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 74th. The same as Canada	6 Ranked 176th.
Scouting > Members	10,439 Ranked 74th.	116,044 Ranked 13th. 11 times more than Austria
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level	88.5% Ranked 14th.	97.9% Ranked 1st. 11% more than Austria
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils	470,889 Ranked 64th.	2.63 million Ranked 26th. 6 times more than Austria
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000	58.52 Ranked 111th.	83.09 Ranked 56th. 42% more than Austria
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000	8.8 Ranked 23th. 85% more than Canada	4.76 Ranked 70th.
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment	100.02 Ranked 26th. About the same as Canada	99.57 Ranked 37th.
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index	0.993 Ranked 42nd.	0.998 Ranked 46th. 1% more than Austria
Female enrolment share > Secondary level	47.7% Ranked 93th.	49.1% Ranked 12th. 3% more than Austria
Private school enrolment > Secondary level	2.4 Ranked 77th.	6.7 Ranked 60th. 3 times more than Austria
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000	94.58 Ranked 63th. 12% more than Canada	84.37 Ranked 81st.
Scouting > Members per thousand people	1.23 Ranked 82nd.	3.33 Ranked 42nd. 3 times more than Austria
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64	13.71% Ranked 21st.	37.41% Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Austria
School life expectancy > Female	14.7 years Ranked 22nd.	15.3 years Ranked 16th. 4% more than Austria
Elementary school repeaters > Male	0.0 Ranked 111th.	0.0 Ranked 132nd.
Elementary school repeaters > Female	0.0 Ranked 110th.	0.0 Ranked 132nd.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5 > Men	97.1% Ranked 22nd. 2% more than Canada	94.8% Ranked 15th.
High school teachers	72,856 Ranked 32nd.	136,873 Ranked 23th. 88% more than Austria
Elementary school teachers	29,017 Ranked 70th.	141,045 Ranked 27th. 5 times more than Austria
Students from households with computer > Age 13 per million	7.18% Ranked 10th. 4 times more than Canada	1.88% Ranked 20th.
Teacher qualifications > Years experience > Age 13	32.4 years experience Ranked 4th. 39% more than Canada	23.3 years experience Ranked 17th.
Students from households with more than 25 books > Age 13	72% Ranked 22nd.	83% Ranked 8th. 15% more than Austria
Universities > Top 100 per million	0.243 Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Canada	0.0928 Ranked 14th.
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education	95% Ranked 20th.	98% Ranked 12th. 3% more than Austria
Students from households with study desk > Age 13	90% Ranked 17th. 3% more than Canada	87% Ranked 20th.
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education	19% Ranked 21st.	37% Ranked 6th. 95% more than Austria
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils	781,292 Ranked 51st.	3 million Ranked 29th. 4 times more than Austria
Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP	0.01 per $1 billion of GDP Ranked 12th. 25% more than Canada	0.008 per $1 billion of GDP Ranked 14th.
Primary education > Pupils per 1000	45.64 Ranked 159th.	78.47 Ranked 134th. 72% more than Austria
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita	94.24 per 1,000 people Ranked 52nd. 9% more than Canada	86.38 per 1,000 people Ranked 71st.
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment	94.63 Ranked 109th.	97.7 Ranked 101st. 3% more than Austria
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level	10.3 Ranked 107th.	18.8 Ranked 53th. 83% more than Austria
Students from households with calculator > Age 13	98% Ranked 5th. 2% more than Canada	96% Ranked 16th.
Young longtext readers	24.3% Ranked 10th.	28.7% Ranked 5th. 18% more than Austria
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million	0.317% Ranked 9th. 6 times more than Canada	0.056% Ranked 19th.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females	48% Ranked 25th.	59% Ranked 8th. 23% more than Austria
Young shorttext readers	17.2% Ranked 19th. 6% more than Canada	16.2% Ranked 20th.
Primary teacher age > Proportion aged 30-39	31% Ranked 7th. 29% more than Canada	24% Ranked 16th.
Universities > Top 100 > Per $ GDP	0.097 per $14.1 billion of GDP Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Canada	0.043 per $14.1 billion of GDP Ranked 13th.
Students from households with more than 25 books > Age 13 per million	8.91% Ranked 14th. 3 times more than Canada	2.65% Ranked 20th.
Students living with mother > Age 13	95% Ranked 13th. 3% more than Canada	92% Ranked 23th.
Students from households with dictionary > Age 13	97% Ranked 5th. 2% more than Canada	95% Ranked 15th.
Students whose mothers have secondary education > Age 13	57%	60%
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education	91% Ranked 14th.	93% Ranked 12th. 2% more than Austria
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education	14% Ranked 19th.	36% Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Austria
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree	48% Ranked 25th.	59% Ranked 8th. 23% more than Austria
Expected duration of education for males	15.9 years Ranked 21st.	16.2 years Ranked 16th. 2% more than Austria
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment	8% Ranked 75th.	32.7% Ranked 10th. 4 times more than Austria
Primary education > Pupils > % female	48.74% female Ranked 45th. About the same as Canada	48.61% female Ranked 69th.
Primary education > Pupils > Per capita	0.046 per capita Ranked 159th.	0.078 per capita Ranked 136th. 70% more than Austria
Researchers in R&D > Per million people	4,282.07 Ranked 8th.	4,470.21 Ranked 10th. 4% more than Austria
Elementary school graduate rate > Female	99.09 Ranked 12th.	99.35 Ranked 5th. About the same as Austria
Inputs > Secondary education > Teachers > Female	45,037 Ranked 24th.	93,168 Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Austria
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Male	6,040 Ranked 73th.	8,881 Ranked 65th. 47% more than Austria
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Female	3,939 Ranked 75th. 1% more than Canada	3,882 Ranked 72nd.
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils > % female	43.85% Ranked 42nd.	0.0 Ranked 114th.
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils	299,903 Ranked 23th.	0.0 Ranked 117th.
Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > Male > % net	96.9% Ranked 32nd.	99.3% Ranked 14th. 2% more than Austria
Preschool enrollment rate > Female	94.86 Ranked 26th. 35% more than Canada	70.28 Ranked 48th.
Preschool enrollment rate > Male	95.34 Ranked 24th. 35% more than Canada	70.62 Ranked 48th.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Female	100.47 Ranked 69th. 3% more than Canada	97.74 Ranked 95th.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Male	104 Ranked 55th. 6% more than Canada	98.3 Ranked 96th.
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed tertiary > Tertiary > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds	18.01% Ranked 28th.	47.67% Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Austria
Unemployment with secondary education, male > % of male unemployment	57.1% Ranked 26th. 32% more than Canada	43.2% Ranked 47th.
Public spending on education, total > % of GDP	5.89% Ranked 31st. 7% more than Canada	5.5% Ranked 46th.
Unemployment with primary education, male > % of male unemployment	34.7% Ranked 42nd. 21% more than Canada	28.7% Ranked 56th.
Labor force with tertiary education, male > % of male labor force	21% Ranked 28th.	41.6% Ranked 3rd. 98% more than Austria
Unemployment with tertiary education, female > % of female unemployment	7.8% Ranked 75th.	38.7% Ranked 14th. 5 times more than Austria
Unemployment with tertiary education, male > % of male unemployment	8.3% Ranked 69th.	28.1% Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Austria
Proportion of 18 year olds in secondary education	43% Ranked 17th. 43 times more than Canada	1% Ranked 31st.
School enrollment > Preprimary > % gross	89.31% gross Ranked 29th. 32% more than Canada	67.56% gross Ranked 55th.
School enrollment > Primary > Female > % gross	105.92% gross Ranked 57th. 6% more than Canada	99.97% gross Ranked 101st.
Primary education > Teachers > % female	90.9% female Ranked 17th. 34% more than Canada	68.07% female Ranked 83th.
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Male > % of relevant age group	105.33% Ranked 58th. 8% more than Canada	97.27% Ranked 108th.
Primary teacher age > Proportion aged 40-49	38% Ranked 6th.	39% Ranked 3rd. 3% more than Austria
Proportion of 17 year olds in secondary education	78% Ranked 20th.	93% Ranked 4th. 19% more than Austria
Government spending on education > % of GDP	5.89% Ranked 30th. 7% more than Canada	5.5% Ranked 44th.
Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net	97.87% Ranked 18th.	99.68% Ranked 4th. 2% more than Austria
Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % gross	98.93% Ranked 90th. About the same as Canada	98.6% Ranked 97th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Female	16 years Ranked 24th.	17 years Ranked 1st. 6% more than Austria
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education > %	97.14% Ranked 91st.	98.92% Ranked 76th. 2% more than Austria
School enrollment, preprimary, female > % gross	101.26% Ranked 23th. 42% more than Canada	71.31% Ranked 69th.
School enrollment, preprimary, male > % gross	101.08% Ranked 19th. 42% more than Canada	71.25% Ranked 66th.
Secondary education, pupils > % female	47.76% Ranked 95th.	48.23% Ranked 101st. 1% more than Austria
Secondary education, vocational pupils per 1000	33.79 Ranked 6th.	0.0 Ranked 81st.
Secondary education, teachers, female per 1000	5.62 Ranked 17th. 86% more than Canada	3.02 Ranked 27th.
Government spending on education > % of government spending	11.06% Ranked 60th.	12.46% Ranked 55th. 13% more than Austria
Primary teacher age > Proportion aged 50-59	14% Ranked 19th.	24% Ranked 8th. 71% more than Austria
Adjusted savings: education expenditure > % of GNI	5.29% Ranked 42nd. 18% more than Canada	4.48% Ranked 67th.
Primary teacher age > Proportion under 30	16% Ranked 13th. 33% more than Canada	12% Ranked 19th.
Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment > %	118.42% Ranked 59th.	134.02% Ranked 27th. 13% more than Austria
Persistence to last grade of primary, total > % of cohort	99.41% Ranked 6th. 1% more than Canada	98.59% Ranked 13th.
School enrollment, primary > % gross	100.38% Ranked 97th. 2% more than Canada	98.65% Ranked 117th.
School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross	98.07% gross Ranked 35th.	107.24% gross Ranked 21st. 9% more than Austria
School enrollment, primary, male > % net	92.81% Ranked 19th.	99.72% Ranked 6th. 7% more than Austria
Persistence to last grade of primary, female > % of cohort	100% Ranked 1st. 1% more than Canada	98.87% Ranked 14th.
Primary teacher age > Proportion under 30 per million	2% Ranked 9th. 5 times more than Canada	0.393% Ranked 16th.
Repeaters, primary, male > % of male enrollment	2.76% Ranked 71st.	0.0 Ranked 142nd.
Expected duration of education for females	15.9 years Ranked 23th.	16.8 years Ranked 16th. 6% more than Austria

SOURCES: UNESCO; UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeschooling_international_status_and_statistics; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Lynn, R. and Vanhanen, T. (2002). IQ and the Wealth of Nations. Westport, CT: Praeger. ISBN 0-275-97510-X; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Development Indicators database; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics online database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute of Statistics; Wikipedia: List of countries by student performance (Reading); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators 2003; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; The Times, 2005; OECD; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; "Efficiency and Equity in Schools around the World" by Eric A. Hanushek and Javier A. Luque, April 2002; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data; The Times, 2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; "WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012". World Organization of the Scout Movement. August 2013.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members) ("WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012" . World Organization of the Scout Movement . Retrieved 2014-03-03 .). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; "Efficiency and Equity in Schools around the World" by Eric A. Hanushek and Javier A. Luque, April 2002. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=UNESCO&f=series%3aEA_56_Ag25t99, Educational attainment: completed tertiary; World Bank staff estimates; UNESCO Institute of Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.

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