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Education Stats: compare key data on Australia & Malaysia

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Definitions

  • Average IQ: Average IQ of different countries according to the controversial book "IQ and the Wealth of Nations".
  • Average years of schooling of adults: Average years of schooling of adults is the years of formal schooling received, on average, by adults over age 15. (Data Source: Barro-Lee Data Set www.worldbank.org/html/prdmg/grthweb/ddbarle2.htm)
  • Children out of school, primary: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
  • Children out of school, primary per 1000: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Children out of school, primary, female: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
  • College and university > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for college and university enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
  • College and university > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to post-secondary education.
  • Compulsary education duration: Number of years students are required to be enrolled in school for all levels of education. For instance, compulsary education lasts for 12 years in the United States.
  • Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP: Percentage of public funding for education out of country's total GDP.
  • High school enrolment rate: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
  • Literacy > Total population: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • Primary education, duration > Years: Primary education, duration (years). Duration of primary is the number of grades (years) in primary education.
  • Primary education, teachers per 1000: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Pupil-teacher ratio, primary: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Primary is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers.
  • Secondary education, duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years). Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (years) in secondary education (ISCED 2 & 3).
  • Literacy > Female: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • Children out of school, primary, female per 1000: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • College and university > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
  • Child care (preschool) > Duration: Number of years students study at the pre-primary (preschool) level. It should be noted that not all countries require pre-primary education.
  • Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Duration of compulsory education: Duration of compulsory education is the number of grades (or years) that a child must legally be enrolled in school.
  • Secondary education, pupils: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions.
  • College and university > Private school share: Percentage of post-secondary students who attend a private school, college, or university.
  • School life expectancy > Total: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
  • Primary education, pupils: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions.
  • Primary education, teachers: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
  • Tertiary enrollment: Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary level is the sum of all tertiary level students enrolled at the start of the school year, expressed as a percentage of the mid-year population in the 5 year age group after the official secondary school leaving age.
  • Spending per student > College and university: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • High school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • Compulsary education starting age: Age at which children must be enrolled in school.
  • Literacy > Definition: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • High school > Upper secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the upper secondary (high school) level.
  • Literacy > Male: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • Spending > USD: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment."
  • High school > Private school share: Percentage of secondary students who attend a private school.
  • Spending > Proportion: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. Expressed as a proportion of GNI."
  • Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
  • Child care (preschool) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin pre-primary (preschool) education.
  • High school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in secondary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in secondary school."
  • Preschool enrollment rate: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
  • Tertiary > Students studying abroad: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year.
  • Teachers as percentage of labor force: The percentage share of the total labor force who are classroom, academic staff, and other teachers. Data for 1999.
  • Elementary (primary school) > Duration: Number of years students study at the primary level.
  • Children out of school > Primary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
  • Secondary education, teachers: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
  • Secondary education, teachers per 1000: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • High school > Lower secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the lower secondary (middle school) level.
  • Children out of school, primary, male per 1000: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Spending per student > High school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • Secondary education, general pupils: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
  • High school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for secondary level enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
  • Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
  • Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion: The number of students from a given country studying abroad in a given year, expressed as a percentage of total tertiary enrollment in that country. Ratios greater than 100 % are possible, because those currently studying abroad do not count towards total enrollment.
  • Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Scouting > Genders admitted: Admits boys/girls.
  • Elementary (primary school) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin primary education.
  • Children out of school, primary, male: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
  • Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.
  • Spending per student > Elementary school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • Secondary school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age (years). Entrance age of 2A lower secondary is the age at which students would enter lower secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
  • High school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age is the age at which students would enter secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
  • Primary education > Teachers > Per capita: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • High school > Population with at least high school education > Women: Population with at least high school education > Women.
  • Schools connected to the Internet: Schools connected to the Internet are the share of primary and secondary schools in the country that have access to the Internet.
  • Public spending per student > Primary level: Public expenditure per student, primary level is the total reported current spending by the government on primary education, divided by the total number of pupils in primary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
  • Secondary education, pupils per 1000: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Primary education, pupils per 1000: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years) is the number of grades (years) in secondary school."
  • Teacher student ratio > High school: Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
  • Children out of school > Primary per 1000: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • High school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in secondary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in secondary school."
  • Teacher student ratio > Elementary school: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
  • Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries: Percentage of public education funding for all levels that goes to teachers' salaries.
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11: Intended hours of instruction per year for 11 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Elementary school > Enrolled students: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
  • Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • School enrolment rate > 1st grade: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
  • Secondary education, general pupils per 1000: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12: Intended hours of instruction per year for 12 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share: Percentage of primary students who attend a private school.
  • High school > Lower secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin lower secondary (middle school) education.
  • Elementary school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • High school enrolment rate > Female: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
  • Duration of education > Secondary level: Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (or years) in general secondary education.
  • Public spending per student > Tertiary level: Public expenditure per student, tertiary level is the total reported current spending by the government on tertiary education, divided by the total number of pupils in tertiary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
  • Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • Primary education > Pupils: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • High school > Population with at least high school education > Men: Gender Inequality Index.
  • Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Secondary education, vocational pupils: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
  • Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for education that goes to school staff salaries.
  • Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for primary education.
  • Secondary education > Teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • School enrolment rate > 5th grade: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
  • Scientific and technical journal articles per million: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Duration of education > Primary level: Duration of primary education is the number of grades (or years) in primary education.
  • Participation > Children out of school > Elementary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
  • Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
  • Public spending per student > Secondary level: Public expenditure per student, secondary level is the total reported current spending by the government on secondary education, divided by the total number of pupils in secondary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
  • Progression to secondary school: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
  • Children out of school > Primary > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • High school > Upper secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin upper secondary (high school) education.
  • Elementary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
  • Teaching weeks per year > Primary: Average number of weeks taught per year by primary level teachers. Data for 2000.
  • School life expectancy > Male: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
  • Universities > Top 200: Number of universities in the top 200
  • Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Library books per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in primary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
  • Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.
  • Primary education > Teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Private school enrolment > Primary level: Private sector enrolment share, primary level is the share of primary school pupils who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
  • Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10: Intended hours of instruction per year for 10 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Secondary education > Pupils per 1000: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Primary education > Teachers per 1000: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Female enrolment share > Primary level: Girls' enrolment share, primary level is the number of girls enrolled in primary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in primary school.
  • Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
  • Universities > Top 200 per million: Number of universities in the top 200. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology: Intended instruction time spent studying technology, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Primary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age (years). Entrance age of primary is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
  • Scouting > Members: Members of boy or girl scout groups which are members of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM).
  • High school> Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries: Percentage of public funding for secondary education that goes to teachers' salaries.
  • Elementary (primary) school > Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries: Percentage of public funding for primary education that goes to teachers' salaries.
  • High school > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to secondary education.
  • Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for primary education that goes to school staff salaries.
  • Enrolment ratio > Secondary level: Net enrolment ratio, secondary level, is the ratio of the number of children of official secondary school age enrolled in school to the number of children of official secondary school age in the population.
  • Participation > Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
  • Secondary education > Teachers per 1000: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Ratio of female to male primary enrollment: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • Secondary education > General pupils per 1000: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Children out of school > Primary > Male: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
  • Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index in primary, or elementary, school. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled. 
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9: Intended hours of instruction per year for 9 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13: Intended hours of instruction per year for 14 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Female enrolment share > Secondary level: Girls' enrolment share, secondary level is the number of girls enrolled in secondary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in secondary school.
  • Private school enrolment > Secondary level: Private sector enrolment share, secondary level is the share of students in general secondary education who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
  • Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Scouting > Members per thousand people: Membership (from 2012). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning science: Intended instruction time spent studying science, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • School life expectancy > Female: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
  • Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • High school teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Elementary school teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • High school enrolment rate > Male: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
  • Participation > Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills: Intended instruction time spent studying vocational skills, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 200 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 billion $ gross domestic product.
  • Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Primary education > Pupils per 1000: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages: Intended instruction time spent studying modern foreign languages, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Elementary school teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils > % female: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training."
  • Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training."
  • Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > Male > % net: Total enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group."
  • Preschool enrollment rate > Female: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment."
  • Preschool enrollment rate > Male: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment."
  • School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Female: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
  • School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Male: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
  • School enrolment rate > 5th grade > Female: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
  • School enrolment rate > 5th grade > Male: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
  • Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
  • School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
  • School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
  • Unemployment with secondary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with secondary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Unemployment with primary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with primary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Labor force with tertiary education, male > % of male labor force: Labor force with tertiary education, male (% of male labor force). Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Unemployment with tertiary education, female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education, female (% of female unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Unemployment with tertiary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Teaching weeks per year > Lower secondary: Average number of weeks taught per year by lower secondary level teachers. Data for 2000.
  • School enrollment > Primary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
  • Primary education > Teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Expenditure per student > Secondary > % of GDP per capita: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita.
  • Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Male > % of relevant age group: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent in physical education: Intended instruction time spent studying physical education, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Government spending on education > % of GDP: Public expenditure on education consists of current and capital public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Private > % of total secondary: Private enrollment refers to pupils or students enrolled in institutions that are not operated by a public authority but controlled and managed, whether for profit or not, by a private body such as a nongovernmental organisation, religious body, special interest group, foundation or business enterprise."
  • School enrollment > Tertiary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.
  • Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level."
  • Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level."
  • Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > % net: Total enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group."
  • Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
  • School enrollment, primary, private > % of total primary: School enrollment, primary, private (% of total primary). Percentage of private enrolment. Primary is the enrolment in private primary schools expressed as a percentage of total enrolment (public and private) in primary schools. 'Private' refers to all educational institutions not operated by a public authority, regardless of whether they receive financial support from public authorities. A high percentage indicates strong involvement of the non-governmental sector (including religious bodies, other organizations, associations, communities, private enterprises or persons) in providing organized educational programmes.
  • Primary education, pupils > % female: Primary education, pupils (% female). Percentage of female students. Primary is the number of female students at the primary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of students (male and female) at the primary level in a given school year.
  • School enrollment, primary, female > % gross: School enrollment, primary, female (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Primary. Female is the total female enrollment in primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the female population of official primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
  • Secondary education, general pupils > % female: Secondary education, general pupils (% female). Percentage of female students. Total secondary. General programmes is the number of female students enrolled in general programmes at the secondary education level expressed as a percentage of the total number of students (male and female) enrolled in general programmes at the secondary education level in a given school year.
  • Total enrollment, primary, male > % net: Total enrollment, primary, male (% net). Adjusted net enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.
  • Labor force with primary education, female > % of female labor force: Labor force with primary education, female (% of female labor force). Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Labor force with tertiary education > % of total: Labor force with tertiary education (% of total). Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Services, etc., value added > Current US$ per capita: Services, etc., value added (current US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Services, etc., value added > Current US$, % of GDP: Services, etc., value added (current US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
  • Secondary education, vocational pupils per 1000: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Secondary education, teachers, female per 1000: Secondary education, teachers, female. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Female is the total number of female teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Adjusted savings: education expenditure > % of GNI: Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI). Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment.
  • School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
  • School enrollment, primary, male > % net: School enrollment, primary, male (% net). Net enrolment rate. Primary. Male is the ratio of male children of the official primary school age who are enrolled in primary school to the male population of the official primary school age.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning religion: Intended instruction time spent studying religion, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • School enrollment, secondary, female > % gross: School enrollment, secondary, female (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Secondary. All programmes. Female is the total female enrollment in secondary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the female population of official secondary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
  • School enrollment, secondary, male > % net: School enrollment, secondary, male (% net). Net enrolment rate. Secondary. All programmes. Male is the ratio of male children of the official secondary school age who are enrolled in secondary school to the male population of the official secondary school age.
  • Secondary education, teachers, female: Secondary education, teachers, female. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Female is the total number of female teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
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STAT Australia Malaysia HISTORY
Average IQ 98
Ranked 14th. 7% more than Malaysia 		92
Ranked 24th.
Average years of schooling of adults 10.9
Ranked 6th. 60% more than Malaysia 		6.8
Ranked 42nd.
Children out of school, primary 68,417
Ranked 39th. 		93,743
Ranked 42nd. 37% more than Australia
Children out of school, primary per 1000 3.06
Ranked 68th. 		3.63
Ranked 74th. 18% more than Australia
Children out of school, primary, female 29,573
Ranked 39th. 		78,564
Ranked 36th. 3 times more than Australia
College and university > Gender parity index 1.35
Ranked 39th. 1% more than Malaysia 		1.34
Ranked 42nd.
College and university > Share of total education spending 22.28%
Ranked 42nd. 		34.45%
Ranked 7th. 55% more than Australia
Compulsary education duration 11
Ranked 41st. 83% more than Malaysia 		6
Ranked 178th.
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP 5.59%
Ranked 41st. 9% more than Malaysia 		5.13%
Ranked 52nd.
High school enrolment rate 99.86
Ranked 6th. 1% more than Malaysia 		98.87
Ranked 25th.
Literacy > Total population 99%
Ranked 25th. 11% more than Malaysia 		88.9%
Ranked 84th.
Primary education, duration > Years 7
Ranked 20th. 17% more than Malaysia 		6
Ranked 124th.
Primary education, teachers per 1000 5.57
Ranked 46th. 		8.19
Ranked 11th. 47% more than Australia
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary 17.88
Ranked 118th. 41% more than Malaysia 		12.72
Ranked 112th.
Secondary education, duration > Years 6
Ranked 144th. 		7
Ranked 69th. 17% more than Australia
Literacy > Female 99%
Ranked 24th. 16% more than Malaysia 		85.4%
Ranked 83th.
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000 1.32
Ranked 67th. 		3.16
Ranked 54th. 2 times more than Australia
College and university > Gender ratio 129.51
Ranked 38th. About the same as Malaysia 		129
Ranked 40th.
Child care (preschool) > Duration 1
Ranked 201st. 		2
Ranked 179th. Twice as much as Australia
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita 6.42 per 1,000 people
Ranked 33th. 11% more than Malaysia 		5.81 per 1,000 people
Ranked 67th.
Duration of compulsory education 11 years
Ranked 29th. 22% more than Malaysia 		9 years
Ranked 7th.
Secondary education, pupils 2.33 million
Ranked 32nd. 		2.62 million
Ranked 34th. 12% more than Australia
College and university > Private school share 8.79%
Ranked 92nd. 		43.14%
Ranked 34th. 5 times more than Australia
Girls to boys ratio > Primary level enrolment 0.99
Ranked 53th. 		1
Ranked 49th. 1% more than Australia
School life expectancy > Total 16.6 years
Ranked 3rd. 44% more than Malaysia 		11.5 years
Ranked 56th.
Primary education, pupils 2.04 million
Ranked 48th. 		2.95 million
Ranked 39th. 44% more than Australia
Primary education, teachers 105,469
Ranked 36th. 		231,683
Ranked 19th. 2 times more than Australia
Tertiary enrollment 63.3%
Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Malaysia 		28.2%
Ranked 45th.
Spending per student > College and university 21.04
Ranked 40th. 		49.36
Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Australia
High school > Gender ratio 95.35
Ranked 82nd. 		106.9
Ranked 25th. 12% more than Australia
Compulsary education starting age 5
Ranked 172nd. 		6
Ranked 120th. 20% more than Australia
Literacy > Definition age 15 and over can read and write age 15 and over can read and write
High school > Upper secondary school duration 2
Ranked 188th. 		4
Ranked 41st. Twice as much as Australia
Literacy > Male 99%
Ranked 34th. 7% more than Malaysia 		92.4%
Ranked 84th.
Spending > USD 49.45 billion
Ranked 13th. 6 times more than Malaysia 		8.66 billion
Ranked 36th.
High school > Private school share 35.24%
Ranked 16th. 8 times more than Malaysia 		4.49%
Ranked 101st.
Spending > Proportion 5.11
Ranked 46th. 26% more than Malaysia 		4.04
Ranked 83th.
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary 17.88
Ranked 114th. 2% more than Malaysia 		17.51
Ranked 111th.
Child care (preschool) > Starting age 4
Ranked 50th. The same as Malaysia 		4
Ranked 55th.
High school repeaters > Male 0.0
Ranked 104th. 		0.11
Ranked 85th.
Preschool enrollment rate 105.52
Ranked 60th. 9% more than Malaysia 		96.61
Ranked 126th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad 10,829.8
Ranked 75th. 		54,909.26
Ranked 7th. 5 times more than Australia
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level 1.01 million
Ranked 23th. 60% more than Malaysia 		632,309
Ranked 33th.
Teachers as percentage of labor force 3.7%
Ranked 23th. 		4.2%
Ranked 18th. 14% more than Australia
Elementary (primary school) > Duration 7
Ranked 24th. 17% more than Malaysia 		6
Ranked 131st.
Children out of school > Primary 77,047
Ranked 37th. 		221,833
Ranked 26th. 3 times more than Australia
Secondary education, teachers 104,110
Ranked 23th. 		190,581
Ranked 17th. 83% more than Australia
Secondary education, teachers per 1000 5.95
Ranked 28th. 		6.74
Ranked 44th. 13% more than Australia
High school > Lower secondary school duration 4
Ranked 60th. 33% more than Malaysia 		3
Ranked 167th.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000 1.74
Ranked 61st. 76% more than Malaysia 		0.988
Ranked 74th.
Spending per student > High school 15.11
Ranked 47th. 6% more than Malaysia 		14.19
Ranked 50th.
Secondary education, general pupils 1.54 million
Ranked 35th. 		2.45 million
Ranked 31st. 59% more than Australia
High school > Gender parity index 0.951
Ranked 109th. 		1.07
Ranked 23th. 13% more than Australia
Scientific and technical journal articles 15,809
Ranked 10th. 30 times more than Malaysia 		520
Ranked 50th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion 0.818%
Ranked 118th. 		5.15%
Ranked 68th. 6 times more than Australia
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000 51.51
Ranked 9th. 99% more than Malaysia 		25.9
Ranked 62nd.
Scouting > Genders admitted both both
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age 5
Ranked 205th. 		6
Ranked 151st. 20% more than Australia
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of total government 13.3%
Ranked 56th. 		25.2%
Ranked 6th. 89% more than Australia
Children out of school, primary, male 38,844
Ranked 37th. 58% more than Malaysia 		24,602
Ranked 47th.
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of GNI 4.9%
Ranked 52nd. 		6.6%
Ranked 15th. 35% more than Australia
Secondary education > General pupils 1.45 million
Ranked 40th. 		2.38 million
Ranked 31st. 64% more than Australia
Spending per student > Elementary school 17.08
Ranked 34th. 48% more than Malaysia 		11.56
Ranked 54th.
Secondary school starting age > Years 12
Ranked 110th. The same as Malaysia 		12
Ranked 117th.
High school starting age > Years 12
Ranked 102nd. The same as Malaysia 		12
Ranked 108th.
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita 5.57 per 1,000 people
Ranked 40th. 		7.14 per 1,000 people
Ranked 24th. 28% more than Australia
Education enrolment by level > Primary level 1.93 million
Ranked 57th. 		3.01 million
Ranked 38th. 56% more than Australia
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women 92.2%
Ranked 21st. 40% more than Malaysia 		66%
Ranked 63th.
Schools connected to the Internet 97%
Ranked 9th. 7 times more than Malaysia 		14.7%
Ranked 7th.
Public spending per student > Primary level 15.9
Ranked 9th. 42% more than Malaysia 		11.2
Ranked 50th.
Secondary education, pupils per 1000 104.3
Ranked 25th. 13% more than Malaysia 		92.51
Ranked 44th.
Primary education, pupils per 1000 91.48
Ranked 85th. 		104.24
Ranked 82nd. 14% more than Australia
Girls to boys ratio > Tertiary level enrolment 1.25
Ranked 37th. 		1.31
Ranked 46th. 5% more than Australia
Girls to boys ratio > Secondary level enrolment 0.95
Ranked 97th. 		1.14
Ranked 9th. 20% more than Australia
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita 51.54 per 1,000 people
Ranked 9th. 95% more than Malaysia 		26.38 per 1,000 people
Ranked 61st.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people 0.485
Ranked 144th. 		1.91
Ranked 82nd. 4 times more than Australia
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years 6
Ranked 128th. 		7
Ranked 61st. 17% more than Australia
Teacher student ratio > High school 12.58
Ranked 83th. 		14.97
Ranked 59th. 19% more than Australia
Children out of school > Primary per 1000 3.83
Ranked 67th. 		8.91
Ranked 40th. 2 times more than Australia
High school repeaters > Female 0.0
Ranked 104th. 		0.09
Ranked 84th.
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school 17.88
Ranked 104th. 19% more than Malaysia 		15.08
Ranked 108th.
Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries 51.97%
Ranked 16th. 		70.23%
Ranked 12th. 35% more than Australia
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11 987 hours
Ranked 8th. 2% more than Malaysia 		964 hours
Ranked 11th.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5 98.8%
Ranked 12th. 1% more than Malaysia 		97.7%
Ranked 27th.
Elementary school > Enrolled students 1.98 million
Ranked 47th. 		3.1 million
Ranked 40th. 57% more than Australia
Primary education > Duration > Years 7 years
Ranked 20th. 17% more than Malaysia 		6 years
Ranked 122nd.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita $24,308.11
Ranked 3rd. 7 times more than Malaysia 		$3,622.28
Ranked 30th.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade 102.78
Ranked 70th. 5% more than Malaysia 		97.69
Ranked 113th.
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000 69.08
Ranked 73th. 		86.77
Ranked 36th. 26% more than Australia
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12 1,014 hours
Ranked 11th. 		1,230 hours
Ranked 2nd. 21% more than Australia
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share 31.08%
Ranked 27th. 32 times more than Malaysia 		0.97%
Ranked 133th.
High school > Lower secondary starting age 12
Ranked 113th. The same as Malaysia 		12
Ranked 120th.
Elementary school > Gender ratio 99.85
Ranked 33th. About the same as Malaysia 		99.5
Ranked 50th.
High school enrolment rate > Female 99.8
Ranked 15th. 2% more than Malaysia 		97.68
Ranked 35th.
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level 97%
Ranked 47th. 2% more than Malaysia 		95%
Ranked 67th.
Duration of education > Secondary level 6
Ranked 122nd. 20% more than Malaysia 		5
Ranked 171st.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level 24.9
Ranked 17th. 		86.1
Ranked 17th. 3 times more than Australia
Secondary education > Pupils 2.49 million
Ranked 29th. 		2.52 million
Ranked 31st. 1% more than Australia
Primary education > Pupils 1.93 million
Ranked 52nd. 		3.06 million
Ranked 38th. 58% more than Australia
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men 92.2%
Ranked 25th. 27% more than Malaysia 		72.8%
Ranked 57th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita 127.98 per 1,000 people
Ranked 14th. 33% more than Malaysia 		95.95 per 1,000 people
Ranked 57th.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Tertiary level 54%
Ranked 54th. 		55.07%
Ranked 46th. 2% more than Australia
Secondary education, vocational pupils 786,296
Ranked 13th. 5 times more than Malaysia 		162,243
Ranked 45th.
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries 73.47%
Ranked 41st. 		90.32%
Ranked 9th. 23% more than Australia
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher 17.88
Ranked 123th. 41% more than Malaysia 		12.72
Ranked 114th.
Secondary education > Teachers 111,000
Ranked 28th. 		141,913
Ranked 30th. 28% more than Australia
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary 20 years
Ranked 1st. 54% more than Malaysia 		13 years
Ranked 12th.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade 98.8
Ranked 5th. 5% more than Malaysia 		93.72
Ranked 37th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level 2.51 million
Ranked 32nd. 9% more than Malaysia 		2.3 million
Ranked 35th.
Scientific and technical journal articles per million 794.61
Ranked 8th. 38 times more than Malaysia 		20.89
Ranked 65th.
Duration of education > Primary level 7
Ranked 19th. 17% more than Malaysia 		6
Ranked 115th.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary 54,848
Ranked 44th. 		125,312
Ranked 34th. 2 times more than Australia
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education 97.3%
Ranked 83th. 		102.63%
Ranked 24th. 5% more than Australia
Public spending per student > Secondary level 13.9
Ranked 25th. 		19.9
Ranked 35th. 43% more than Australia
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Primary level 48.61%
Ranked 69th. 		48.67%
Ranked 59th. About the same as Australia
Progression to secondary school 99.86%
Ranked 8th. 1% more than Malaysia 		99.04%
Ranked 19th.
Children out of school > Primary > Per capita 3.83 per 1,000 people
Ranked 68th. 		9.08 per 1,000 people
Ranked 40th. 2 times more than Australia
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Women 97%
Ranked 43th. 2% more than Malaysia 		95%
Ranked 68th.
High school > Upper secondary starting age 16
Ranked 48th. 7% more than Malaysia 		15
Ranked 151st.
Elementary school starting age > Years 5
Ranked 174th. 		6
Ranked 133th. 20% more than Australia
Library books 2.44 million
Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Malaysia 		1.11 million
Ranked 7th.
Teaching weeks per year > Primary 40 weeks per year
Ranked 14th. 		41 weeks per year
Ranked 7th. 2% more than Australia
School life expectancy > Male 16.4 years
Ranked 1st. 46% more than Malaysia 		11.2 years
Ranked 61st.
Universities > Top 200 17
Ranked 3rd. 17 times more than Malaysia 		1
Ranked 31st.
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita 72.08 per 1,000 people
Ranked 75th. 		97.4 per 1,000 people
Ranked 35th. 35% more than Australia
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000 98.4
Ranked 106th. 		123.25
Ranked 76th. 25% more than Australia
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita 0.098 per capita
Ranked 104th. 		0.126 per capita
Ranked 71st. 29% more than Australia
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Men 97%
Ranked 42nd. 1% more than Malaysia 		96%
Ranked 60th.
Library books per 1000 135.07
Ranked 10th. 3 times more than Malaysia 		53.46
Ranked 13th.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level 9.1
Ranked 10th. 		18.2
Ranked 99th. Twice as much as Australia
Secondary education > Vocational pupils 1.04 million
Ranked 11th. 8 times more than Malaysia 		138,521
Ranked 46th.
Primary education > Teachers 105,469
Ranked 33th. 		174,504
Ranked 27th. 65% more than Australia
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Secondary level 48.01%
Ranked 110th. 		51.25%
Ranked 31st. 7% more than Australia
Private school enrolment > Primary level 27.2
Ranked 16th. 9 times more than Malaysia 		2.9
Ranked 63th.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years 7
Ranked 19th. 17% more than Malaysia 		6
Ranked 113th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10 987 hours
Ranked 8th. 2% more than Malaysia 		964 hours
Ranked 10th.
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000 123.82
Ranked 15th. 22% more than Malaysia 		101.19
Ranked 43th.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000 5.57
Ranked 41st. 		7.01
Ranked 25th. 26% more than Australia
Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita 1.75 per 1,000 people
Ranked 71st. 		4.49 per 1,000 people
Ranked 41st. 3 times more than Australia
Female enrolment share > Primary level 48.6%
Ranked 61st. 		48.7%
Ranked 48th. About the same as Australia
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ $551.40 billion
Ranked 6th. 5 times more than Malaysia 		$105.92 billion
Ranked 15th.
Universities > Top 200 per million 0.834
Ranked 2nd. 22 times more than Malaysia 		0.0387
Ranked 23th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology 9 5
Primary school starting age > Years 5
Ranked 195th. 		6
Ranked 150th. 20% more than Australia
Scouting > Members 65,881
Ranked 24th. 50% more than Malaysia 		44,016
Ranked 29th.
High school> Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries 59.68%
Ranked 34th. 		61.97%
Ranked 32nd. 4% more than Australia
Elementary (primary) school > Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries 62.53%
Ranked 33th. About the same as Malaysia 		62.29%
Ranked 35th.
High school > Share of total education spending 36.79%
Ranked 43th. 9% more than Malaysia 		33.72%
Ranked 59th.
Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries 76.85%
Ranked 61st. 		88.98%
Ranked 25th. 16% more than Australia
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level 89.7%
Ranked 12th. 28% more than Malaysia 		70.2%
Ranked 44th.
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils 1.51 million
Ranked 35th. 		2.34 million
Ranked 33th. 55% more than Australia
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000 6.42
Ranked 34th. 13% more than Malaysia 		5.7
Ranked 65th.
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment 99.56
Ranked 41st. 		99.63
Ranked 35th. The same as Australia
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000 71.95
Ranked 76th. 		95.62
Ranked 37th. 33% more than Australia
Children out of school > Primary > Male 41,839
Ranked 36th. 		112,026
Ranked 25th. 3 times more than Australia
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index 0.994
Ranked 62nd. 		0.999
Ranked 37th. About the same as Australia
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9 986 hours
Ranked 9th. 2% more than Malaysia 		964 hours
Ranked 11th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13 1,023 hours
Ranked 13th. 		1,230 hours
Ranked 6th. 20% more than Australia
Female enrolment share > Secondary level 48.9%
Ranked 76th. 		51.2%
Ranked 28th. 5% more than Australia
Private school enrolment > Secondary level 33.6
Ranked 4th. 11 times more than Malaysia 		3
Ranked 11th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000 127.91
Ranked 15th. 36% more than Malaysia 		94.21
Ranked 64th.
Scouting > Members per thousand people 2.9
Ranked 48th. 93% more than Malaysia 		1.51
Ranked 72nd.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning science 11%
Ranked 21st. The same as Malaysia 		11%
Ranked 22nd.
School life expectancy > Female 16.8 years
Ranked 5th. 44% more than Malaysia 		11.7 years
Ranked 50th.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5 > Men 98.1%
Ranked 11th. About the same as Malaysia 		98%
Ranked 20th.
Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita 2.08 per 1,000 people
Ranked 65th. 		4.58 per 1,000 people
Ranked 41st. 2 times more than Australia
High school teachers 183,020
Ranked 10th. 10% more than Malaysia 		166,940
Ranked 24th.
Elementary school teachers 105,469
Ranked 31st. 		205,772
Ranked 23th. 95% more than Australia
High school enrolment rate > Male 99.92
Ranked 10th. 		100
Ranked 11th. The same as Australia
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils 2.49 million
Ranked 27th. 		2.58 million
Ranked 32nd. 4% more than Australia
Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills n 5
Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP 0.027 per $1 billion of GDP
Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Malaysia 		0.008 per $1 billion of GDP
Ranked 15th.
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment 95.96
Ranked 106th. 		114.18
Ranked 13th. 19% more than Australia
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita 124.04 per 1,000 people
Ranked 14th. 20% more than Malaysia 		103.07 per 1,000 people
Ranked 34th.
Primary education > Pupils per 1000 96.12
Ranked 99th. 		122.79
Ranked 75th. 28% more than Australia
Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages 6 11
Elementary school teachers > % female 76.21%
Ranked 26th. 11% more than Malaysia 		68.41%
Ranked 80th.
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils > % female 43.78%
Ranked 43th. About the same as Malaysia 		43.65%
Ranked 52nd.
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils 1.03 million
Ranked 10th. 7 times more than Malaysia 		157,742
Ranked 42nd.
Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > Male > % net 96.58%
Ranked 33th. About the same as Malaysia 		96.2%
Ranked 43th.
Preschool enrollment rate > Female 81.3
Ranked 41st. 29% more than Malaysia 		62.86
Ranked 62nd.
Preschool enrollment rate > Male 83.22
Ranked 38th. 42% more than Malaysia 		58.46
Ranked 69th.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Female 102.72
Ranked 60th. 5% more than Malaysia 		97.79
Ranked 102nd.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Male 102.84
Ranked 76th. 5% more than Malaysia 		97.58
Ranked 112th.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade > Female 99.46
Ranked 4th. 6% more than Malaysia 		93.83
Ranked 30th.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade > Male 98.17
Ranked 4th. 5% more than Malaysia 		93.61
Ranked 29th.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net 88.69%
Ranked 24th. 26% more than Malaysia 		70.31%
Ranked 67th.
School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net 95.99% net
Ranked 35th. 3% more than Malaysia 		93.1% net
Ranked 56th.
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net 95.53% net
Ranked 40th. 2% more than Malaysia 		93.32% net
Ranked 55th.
Unemployment with secondary education, male > % of male unemployment 34.5%
Ranked 65th. 		66.3%
Ranked 2nd. 92% more than Australia
Unemployment with primary education, male > % of male unemployment 48.5%
Ranked 21st. 4 times more than Malaysia 		11.2%
Ranked 14th.
Labor force with tertiary education, male > % of male labor force 29.9%
Ranked 15th. 49% more than Malaysia 		20%
Ranked 31st.
Unemployment with tertiary education, female > % of female unemployment 21.1%
Ranked 45th. 		40.9%
Ranked 4th. 94% more than Australia
Unemployment with tertiary education, male > % of male unemployment 17%
Ranked 34th. 		18.9%
Ranked 8th. 11% more than Australia
Teaching weeks per year > Lower secondary 40 weeks per year
Ranked 13th. 		41 weeks per year
Ranked 7th. 2% more than Australia
School enrollment > Primary > Female > % gross 102.6% gross
Ranked 78th. 10% more than Malaysia 		93.3% gross
Ranked 132nd.
Primary education > Teachers > % female 71.5% female
Ranked 43th. 8% more than Malaysia 		66.29% female
Ranked 87th.
Expenditure per student > Secondary > % of GDP per capita 14.38%
Ranked 62nd. 		26.33%
Ranked 22nd. 83% more than Australia
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Male > % of relevant age group 103.47%
Ranked 65th. 10% more than Malaysia 		93.92%
Ranked 126th.
Proportion of primary education time spent in physical education 9 5
Government spending on education > % of GDP 5.59%
Ranked 41st. 9% more than Malaysia 		5.13%
Ranked 52nd.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Private > % of total secondary 28.52%
Ranked 23th. 7 times more than Malaysia 		4.1%
Ranked 89th.
School enrollment > Tertiary > Male > % gross 64.87% gross
Ranked 8th. 2 times more than Malaysia 		27.01% gross
Ranked 56th.
Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > % gross 77%
Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Malaysia 		32.11%
Ranked 59th.
Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > Female > % gross 87.15%
Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Malaysia 		36.22%
Ranked 56th.
Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > % net 97.07%
Ranked 40th. 1% more than Malaysia 		96.1%
Ranked 52nd.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % net 87.28%
Ranked 20th. 33% more than Malaysia 		65.61%
Ranked 68th.
School enrollment, primary, private > % of total primary 31.08%
Ranked 27th. 32 times more than Malaysia 		0.97%
Ranked 129th.
Primary education, pupils > % female 48.6%
Ranked 68th. About the same as Malaysia 		48.48%
Ranked 87th.
School enrollment, primary, female > % gross 104.24%
Ranked 64th. 6% more than Malaysia 		98.22%
Ranked 109th.
Secondary education, general pupils > % female 49.71%
Ranked 70th. 		51.02%
Ranked 41st. 3% more than Australia
Total enrollment, primary, male > % net 96.13%
Ranked 49th. 		98.45%
Ranked 20th. 2% more than Australia
Labor force with primary education, female > % of female labor force 28%
Ranked 26th. 99% more than Malaysia 		14.1%
Ranked 32nd.
Labor force with tertiary education > % of total 33.8%
Ranked 13th. 39% more than Malaysia 		24.4%
Ranked 30th.
Services, etc., value added > Current US$ per capita $43,964.38
Ranked 2nd. 9 times more than Malaysia 		$5,122.05
Ranked 29th.
Services, etc., value added > Current US$, % of GDP 65.58%
Ranked 11th. 33% more than Malaysia 		49.34%
Ranked 66th.
Secondary education, vocational pupils per 1000 35.22
Ranked 3rd. 6 times more than Malaysia 		5.74
Ranked 81st.
Secondary education, teachers, female per 1000 3.01
Ranked 23th. 		4.54
Ranked 36th. 51% more than Australia
Adjusted savings: education expenditure > % of GNI 4.78%
Ranked 60th. 15% more than Malaysia 		4.15%
Ranked 85th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Male 20 years
Ranked 1st. 67% more than Malaysia 		12 years
Ranked 20th.
School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross 145.42% gross
Ranked 1st. 80% more than Malaysia 		80.95% gross
Ranked 93th.
School enrollment, primary, male > % net 96.03%
Ranked 35th. 		98.45%
Ranked 12th. 3% more than Australia
Proportion of primary education time spent learning religion n 9
School enrollment, secondary, female > % gross 129.25%
Ranked 2nd. 96% more than Malaysia 		65.92%
Ranked 108th.
School enrollment, secondary, male > % net 85.16%
Ranked 37th. 27% more than Malaysia 		67.25%
Ranked 69th.
Secondary education, teachers, female 52,710
Ranked 17th. 		128,262
Ranked 13th. 2 times more than Australia

SOURCES: Lynn, R. and Vanhanen, T. (2002). IQ and the Wealth of Nations. Westport, CT: Praeger. ISBN 0-275-97510-X; UNESCO; UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Development Indicators database; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics online database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute of Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; The Times, 2005; World Bank national accounts data; The Times, 2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; "WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012". World Organization of the Scout Movement. August 2013.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members) ("WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012" . World Organization of the Scout Movement . Retrieved 2014-03-03 .). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; World Bank national accounts data. GDP figures sourced from World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; World Bank staff estimates

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