Environment Stats: compare key data on Spain & United Kingdom

Definitions

Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.
CO2 Emissions per 1000: CO2: Total Emissions (excluding land-use) Units: thousand metric tonnes of carbon dioxide. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > Million metric tons: CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production is the sum of three IEA categories of CO2 emissions: (1) Main Activity Producer Electricity and Heat which contains the sum of emissions from main activity producer electricity generation, combined heat and power generation and heat plants. Main activity producers (formerly known as public utilities) are defined as those undertakings whose primary activity is to supply the public. They may be publicly or privately owned. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 1 a. For the CO2 emissions from fuel combustion (summary) file, emissions from own on-site use of fuel in power plants (EPOWERPLT) are also included. (2) Unallocated Autoproducers which contains the emissions from the generation of electricity and/or heat by autoproducers. Autoproducers are defined as undertakings that generate electricity and/or heat, wholly or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, these emissions would normally be distributed between industry, transport and "other" sectors. (3) Other Energy Industries contains emissions from fuel combusted in petroleum refineries, for the manufacture of solid fuels, coal mining, oil and gas extraction and other energy-producing industries. This corresponds to the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 1 b and 1 A 1 c. According to the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, emissions from coke inputs to blast furnaces can either be counted here or in the Industrial Processes source/sink category. Within detailed sectoral calculations, certain non-energy processes can be distinguished. In the reduction of iron in a blast furnace through the combustion of coke, the primary purpose of the coke oxidation is to produce pig iron and the emissions can be considered as an industrial process. Care must be taken not to double count these emissions in both Energy and Industrial Processes. In the IEA estimations, these emissions have been included in this category.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > Million metric tons per million: CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production is the sum of three IEA categories of CO2 emissions: (1) Main Activity Producer Electricity and Heat which contains the sum of emissions from main activity producer electricity generation, combined heat and power generation and heat plants. Main activity producers (formerly known as public utilities) are defined as those undertakings whose primary activity is to supply the public. They may be publicly or privately owned. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 1 a. For the CO2 emissions from fuel combustion (summary) file, emissions from own on-site use of fuel in power plants (EPOWERPLT) are also included. (2) Unallocated Autoproducers which contains the emissions from the generation of electricity and/or heat by autoproducers. Autoproducers are defined as undertakings that generate electricity and/or heat, wholly or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, these emissions would normally be distributed between industry, transport and "other" sectors. (3) Other Energy Industries contains emissions from fuel combusted in petroleum refineries, for the manufacture of solid fuels, coal mining, oil and gas extraction and other energy-producing industries. This corresponds to the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 1 b and 1 A 1 c. According to the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, emissions from coke inputs to blast furnaces can either be counted here or in the Industrial Processes source/sink category. Within detailed sectoral calculations, certain non-energy processes can be distinguished. In the reduction of iron in a blast furnace through the combustion of coke, the primary purpose of the coke oxidation is to produce pig iron and the emissions can be considered as an industrial process. Care must be taken not to double count these emissions in both Energy and Industrial Processes. In the IEA estimations, these emissions have been included in this category. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Current issues: This entry lists the most pressing and important environmental problems. The following terms and abbreviations are used throughout the entry:
Ecological footprint: Ecological footprint per capita
Units: Hectares per Person
Marine fish catch: Total marine fish catch
Units: Metric Tons
Pollution perceptions > Air pollution: Air Pollution. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the quality of air in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution perceptions > Air quality: Air quality. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the quality of air in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution perceptions > Clean water: Water Quality. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you concerned with the water pollution in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution perceptions > Drinking water pollution: Drinking Water Pollution and Inaccessibility. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How do you find quality and the accessibility of drinking water?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution perceptions > Water pollution: Water Pollution. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you concerned with the water pollution in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Proportion of land area under protection: Terrestrial areas protected to total surface area, percentage.
Transport CO2 emission index: CO2 Emission Index is an estimation of CO2 consumption due to traffic time. Measurement unit is grams for the return trip. To calculate an average estimation of emission in grams for one way commute to work, divide this value with 2.
Water > Freshwater pollution: Industrial organic pollutants per available freshwater
Units: Metric Tons of BOD Emissions per Cubic Km of Water
Units: Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants. The data from the World Bank, which represented BOD emissions (kilograms per day) were normalized by the combination of water availability per capita and water inflow availability per capita from the WaterGap2.1 model. In calculating the ESI, the base-10 logarithm of this variable was used.
Forest area > Sq. km > Per capita: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day: Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Waste > Local garbage collected: Municipal waste collected.
Marine fish catch per 1000: Total marine fish catch
Units: Metric Tons. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Water > Severe water stress: Percent of country's territory under severe water stress
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: This data is derived from the WaterGap 2.1 gridded hydrological model developed by the Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, Germany. The modellers derived, for each country, grid cell by grid cell estimates of whether the water consumption exceeds 40 percent of the water available in that particular grid cell. These were then converted to land area equivalents in order to calculate the percentage of the territory under severe water stress.
Pollution perceptions > Noise and light pollution: Noise and Light Pollution. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How concerned are you with noise pollution and light during the night in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Endangered species > Mammal species > Number: Mammal species are mammals excluding whales and porpoises. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
Biodiversity > Mammal species, threatened: Mammal species, threatened. Mammal species are mammals excluding whales and porpoises. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Pollution perceptions > Drinking water quality: Drinking Water Quality and Accessibility. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How do you find quality and the accessibility of drinking water?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
CO2 emissions > Kt: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Pollution perceptions > Pollution index: Pollution Index is an estimation of the overall pollution in the city. The biggest weight is given to air pollution, than to water pollution/accessibility, two main pollution factors. Small weight is given to other pollution types.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban and rural: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, total.
National parks > Number of parks: Number of parks.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita: CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Biodiversity > Bird species, threatened: Bird species, threatened. Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Carbon efficiency: Carbon economic efficiency (CO2 emissions per dollar GDP)
Units: Metric Tons/US Dollar GDP
CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Endangered species > Bird species: Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
National parks > Proportion of country area: Country area.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Total renewable water resources per million: . Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
SO2 emissions per populated area: SO2 emissions per populated land area
Units: 1000 Metric Tons/Sq. Km. of Populated Land Area
Units: We obtained the total emissions for each country by summarizing emissions data, originally available as a grid map with 1 degree x 1 degree cells. Air pollution is generally greatest in densely populated areas. To take this into account, we used the Gridded Population of the World dataset available from CIESIN and calculated the total land area in each country inhabited with a population density of greater than 5 persons per sq. km. We then used this land area as a denominator for the emissions data.
Waste > Local garbage collected per thousand people: Municipal waste collected. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Waste > Hazardous waste created: Annual generation of hazardous waste (as defined by the Basel Convention).
Biodiversity > Fish species, threatened: Fish species, threatened. Fish species are based on Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt: CO2 emissions (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
CO2 emissions > Kt > Per capita: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Endangered species > Fish species > Number: Fish species are based on Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day: Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution perceptions > Waste management dissatisfaction: Dissatisfaction with Garbage Disposal. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with a garbage disposal in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution > Climate change > Agrees climate change is caused by human activity: Percentage of population who responded yes when asked if they believed global warming was a result of human activities. In this survey, global warming refers to the current rise in earth's temperature and not climate change as a whole.
Water > Percent of water resources used: Proportion of total water resources used, percentage.
Endangered species > Higher plant species > Number: Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
NOx emissions per populated area: NOx emissions per populated land area
Units: 1000 Metric Tons/Sq. Km. of Populated Land Area
Units: We obtained the total emissions for each country by summarizing emissions data, originally available as a grid map with 1 degree x 1 degree cells. Air pollution is generally greatest in densely populated areas. To take this into account, we used the Gridded Population of the World dataset available from CIESIN and calculated the total land area in each country inhabited with a population density of greater than 5 persons per sq. km. We then used this land area as a denominator for the emissions data.
Water > Dissolved oxygen concentration: Dissolved oxygen concentration
Units: Milligrams/Liter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, exceptwhere data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of bodies of water; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system. The data from "The Wellbeing of Nations" included a smaller subset of stations representing outfalls of major watersheds. An analysis of a sample of countries with numerous stations found that the data for stations in the subset is broadly comparable to the data for all GEMS stations in those countries.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Forest area > Sq. km: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP: CO2 emissions (kg per 2000 US$ of GDP). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban and rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, total.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kt: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Pollution perceptions > Clean, tidy cities: Clean and Tidy. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Do you find city clean and tidy?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Water > Availability: Water availability per capita (1961-1990 (avg.))
Units: Thousands Cubic Meters/Person
Units: This variable measures internal renewable water (average annual surface runoff and groundwater recharge generated from endogenous precipitation)
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, rural.
Biodiversity > Plant species > Higher, threatened: Plant species (higher), threatened. Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Adjusted net national income > Current US$ per capita: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Waste > Population served by local garbage collection: Total population served by municipal waste collection.
National parks > Total area: Total area km².
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Biodiversity > Number: GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential)."
Adjusted net national income > Current US$: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.
Water > Freshwater internal flow per capita: Internal flow of water: River run-off and groundwater produced during a year through perception minus evaporation. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Water > Freshwater internal flow: Internal flow of water: River run-off and groundwater produced during a year through perception minus evaporation.
Pollution > Climate change > Climate change awareness: Percentage of each country's population who claimed knowing "something" or a "great deal" about climate change when asked: "How much do you know about global warming or climate change?"
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Emissions (CO2 equivalent): Carbon dioxide equivalent of all greenhouse gas emissions not including human-based land use, land use change and forestry. These numbers do not represent total greenhouse gas emissions, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change.
Pollution perceptions > Urban comfort > Low pollution: Comfortable to Spend Time in the City. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you feeling comfortable to spend time in the city because of the pollution?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Waste > Hazardous waste created per thousand people: Annual generation of hazardous waste (as defined by the Basel Convention). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Protected area: Environmentally protected area (1997)
Pollution perceptions > Dirty, untidy cities: Dirty and Untidy. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Do you find city clean and tidy?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum: GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum). GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential).
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000: Includes carbon dioxide emissions from the consumption of petroleum, natural gas, and coal, and the flaring of natural gas.
Pollution perceptions > Free of noise and light pollution: Quiet and No Problem with Night Lights. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How concerned are you with noise pollution and light during the night in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources > Total > Billion cubic meters: Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country.
Acidification: Percentage of country with acidification excedence
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: From a map of acidification excedence, all areas at risk within each country were added together in order to calculate the percentage of the entire country at risk of excedence. See pages 21-22 of the 2001 ESI report for more details on how the acidification excedence map was produced.
Emissions > Methane emissions > Kt of CO2 equivalent: Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production.
Pollution > Nuclear waste: Wastes from spent fuel arising in nuclear power plants, measured in terms of heavy metal. Data for 1998 or latest available year.
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry per capita: Water supplied annually, where losses during transportation have been subtracted. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters: Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country. Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita are calculated using the World Bank's population estimates.
Pollution > PM10, country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: PM10, country level (micrograms per cubic meter). Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a country's technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations.
Wetlands of intl importance > Area: Wetlands of international importance 2002
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > Number: Terrestrial protected areas are those officially documented by national authorities.
CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Proportion of land and marine area under protection: Terrestrial and marine areas protected to total territorial area, percentage.
Endangered species protection: Percent of CITES reporting requirements met
Units: Percent of Requirements Met
Units: Countries that have not ratified the CITES convention are recorded as having zero percent of their requirements met.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons: CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from other sectors, less residential buildings and commercial and public services, contains the emissions from commercial/institutional activities, residential, agriculture/forestry, fishing and other emissions not specified elsewhere that are included in the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 4 and 1 A 5. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, the category also includes emissions from autoproducers in the commercial/residential/agricultural sectors that generate electricity and/or heat. The IEA data are not collected in a way that allows the energy consumption to be split by specific end-use and therefore, autoproducers are shown as a separate item (Unallocated Autoproducers).
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per million people: Carbon dioxide equivalent of sulphur hexafluoride emissions over 100 years. These numbers do not represent total SF6 emissions, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the total amount of SF6 emitted over 100 years. A 100 year time scale is used since SF6 has a shorter atmospheric lifetime than CO2. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Pollution perceptions > Urban discomfort from pollution: Dissatisfaction to Spend Time in the City. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you feeling comfortable to spend time in the city because of the pollution?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum per million: GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum). GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide per capita: Tons of Carbon Dioxide produced per capita in 1998 or latest available year. Carbon dioxide from energy use only. Excludes international marine bunkers.
Water > Population connected to wastewater treatment: Population connected to wastewater treatment.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, rural.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, urban.
Commitment to Development Index (environment): The Commitment to Development Index (CDI) ranks the world’s richest countries on their commitment to policies that benefit the poorer nations. The environment component of the index measures what these countries do to reduce their use of scarce natural resources. The score goes up if their "greenhouse gas" emissions are falling, their fuel taxes are high, do not subsidize the fishing industry, or have a low fossil fuel rate per capita.
Sea > Blue Flag beaches per million people: Number of beaches or marinas with blue flag designation, indicating high environmental and quality standards. Blue flag status is awarded by the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) based on criteria such as water quality, safety, environmental education and information, the provision of services and environmental management. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Methane (CH4) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent): Carbon dioxide equivalent of methane emissions not including human-based land use, land use change and forestry. These numbers do not represent total methane emissions, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the amount of methane emitted, which is 21 times more CO2. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Carbon dioxide (CO2) > CO2 emissions per thousand people: Amount of carbon dioxide emissions by select Western countries. Amounts are by thousand metric tons. . Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Carbon dioxide (CO2) > CO2 emissions: Amount of carbon dioxide emissions by select Western countries. Amounts are by thousand metric tons.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent): Carbon dioxide equivalent of sulphur hexafluoride emissions over 100 years. These numbers do not represent total SF6 emissions, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the total amount of SF6 emitted over 100 years. A 100 year time scale is used since SF6 has a shorter atmospheric lifetime than CO2. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Methane (CH4) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per thousand people: Carbon dioxide equivalent of methane emissions not including human-based land use, land use change and forestry. These numbers do not represent total methane emissions, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the amount of methane emitted, which is 21 times more CO2. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Pollution perceptions > Waste management satisfaction: Garbage Disposal Satisfaction. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with a garbage disposal in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000 per million: Includes carbon dioxide emissions from the consumption of petroleum, natural gas, and coal, and the flaring of natural gas. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Pollution > Climate change > Perceived as threat: Percentage of country's population that perceives climate change as a threat. Results are from a 2008 Gallop Poll.
Emissions > Nitrous oxide emissions > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent: Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management."
Wildness: Percent of land area having very low anthropogenic impact
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: Global grids for population (GPW), land use (USGS AVHRR based classification from EROS data center), VMAP roads, VMAP railways, VMAP coastlines, VMAP major rivers and the stable lights data were all scored for "wildness". The scores were aggregated and normalized.
Biosphere > Reserves area: Biosphere reserves area 2002.
Forest area > Sq. km per 1000: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Threatened species > Mammal: Number of threatened mammal species (1997)
World Heritage Sites (environmental): Natural sites.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Known mammal species: Known mammal species (1992-2002).
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons: CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services contains all emissions from fuel combustion in households. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 4 b. Commercial and public services includes emissions from all activities of ISIC Divisions 41, 50-52, 55, 63-67, 70-75, 80, 85, 90-93 and 99.
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day per worker). Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > Billion cubic meters: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Sea > Blue Flag beaches: Number of beaches or marinas with blue flag designation, indicating high environmental and quality standards. Blue flag status is awarded by the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) based on criteria such as water quality, safety, environmental education and information, the provision of services and environmental management.
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999: 1999 total CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement production, and gas flaring. Emissions are expressed in thousand metric tons of carbon (not CO2).
Breeding birds threatened: Percentage of breeding birds threatened
Units: Percent of Breeding Birds
Units: The number of bird species threatened divided by known bird species in the country, expressed as a percentage.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
Climate change > Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent per million: Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent). Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > Number: Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, urban.
Emissions > Other greenhouse gas emissions > HFC > PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent: Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride."
Urban SO2 concentration: Urban SO2 concentration
Units: Micrograms/m3
Units: The values were originally collected at the city level. Each nation varied in terms of the number of cities reported, so this data should be used with some caution. Within each country the values have been normalized by city population for the year 1995, then added together to obtain the total concentration for the given country.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Nitrous oxide (N2O) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per million people: Carbon dioxide equivalent of nitrous oxide emissions not including human-based land use, land use change and forestry. These numbers do not represent total NO2 emissions, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the total amount of NO2 emitted, which is 310 times more CO2. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > Current US$: Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production.
Pollution > Nuclear waste efficiency: This is the amount of nuclear waste produced per unit of energy obtained. Energy obtained is measured in units equivalent to the energy obtained from using one million tons of oil. Data from 1998 or latest available year. "Nuclear Waste" is waste from spent fuel arising in nuclear power plants, measured in terms of heavy metal.
Sustainability-satisfying companies: Dow Jones Sustainability Group Index: percent of eligible companies in index
Units: Percentage
Units: For each country, the number of companies in the Sustainability Index was divided by the number of companies in the Global Index.
Marine areas under protection: Protected marine areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003)
Water > Population connected to wastewater collecting system: Population connected to wastewater collecting system.
Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow: Inflow of surface and groundwaters for neighboring countries.
Water > Proportion of marine area under protection: Marine areas protected to territorial waters, percentage.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > Current US$: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage."
Environmental agreement compliance: Compliance with environmental agreements (WEF survey)
Units: Survey Responses Ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 7
Units: Response to the statement: "Compliance with international environmental agreements is a high priority.
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999 per 1000: 1999 total CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement production, and gas flaring. Emissions are expressed in thousand metric tons of carbon (not CO2). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Pollution > Nuclear waste per million: Wastes from spent fuel arising in nuclear power plants, measured in terms of heavy metal. Data for 1998 or latest available year. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Emissions > PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a country's technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations."
Known mammal species per million: Known mammal species (1992-2002). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Wetlands of intl importance > Area per million: Wetlands of international importance 2002. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Areas under protection per million: Protected Areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Water > Salinisation: Electrical conductivity
Units: Micro-Siemens/Centimeter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, except where data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of water bodies; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system.
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000 > Per $ GDP: Includes carbon dioxide emissions from the consumption of petroleum, natural gas, and coal, and the flaring of natural gas. Per $ GDP figures expressed per $100 million of Gross Domestic Product.
Areas under protection: Protected Areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003)
Marine areas under protection per million: Protected marine areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Biosphere > Reserves area per million: Biosphere reserves area 2002. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Fertiliser > Consumption: Fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land
Units: Hundreds Grams/Hectare of Arable Land
Urban NO2 concentration: Urban NO2 concentration
Units: Micrograms/m3
Units: The values were originally collected at the city level. Each nation varied in terms of the number of cities reported, so this data should be used with some caution. Within each country the values have been normalized by city population for the year 1995, then added together to obtain the total concentration for the given country.
Non-wildness: Percent of land area having very high anthropogenic impact
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: Global grids for population (GPW), land use (USGS AVHRR based classification from EROS data center), VMAP roads, VMAP railways, VMAP coastlines, VMAP major rivers and the stable lights data were all scored for "wildness". The scores were aggregated and normalized.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > % of GNI: Mineral depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of minerals extracted. It refers to bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, zinc, gold, and silver."
Water pollution > Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Known breeding bird species per million: Known breeding bird mammal species (1992-2002). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Pollution > Water pollution, wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, wood industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Natural gas rents > % of GDP: Natural gas rents (% of GDP). Natural gas rents are the difference between the value of natural gas production at world prices and total costs of production.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > Current US$: Mineral depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of minerals extracted. It refers to bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, zinc, gold, and silver."
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
Water pollution > Food industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: food and beverages (31). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Adjusted net national income > Current US$, % of GDP: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
Emissions > CO2 intensity > Kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use: Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
Pollution > Water pollution, food industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, food industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: food and beverages (31). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution > Water pollution, other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, other industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution > Water pollution, paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, paper and pulp industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent: GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent). GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF refers to changes in atmospheric levels of all greenhouse gases attributable to forest and land-use change activities, including but not limited to (1) emissions and removals of CO2 from decreases or increases in biomass stocks due to forest management, logging, fuelwood collection, etc.; (2) conversion of existing forests and natural grasslands to other land uses; (3) removal of CO2 from the abandonment of formerly managed lands (e.g. croplands and pastures); and (4) emissions and removals of CO2 in soil associated with land-use change and management. For Annex-I countries under the UNFCCC, these data are drawn from the annual GHG inventories submitted to the UNFCCC by each country; for non-Annex-I countries, data are drawn from the most recently submitted National Communication where available. Because of differences in reporting years and methodologies, these data are not generally considered comparable across countries. Data are in million metric tons.
Known breeding bird species: Known breeding bird mammal species (1992-2002).
Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks satisfaction: Quality of Green and Parks. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with green and parks in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Total natural resources rents > % of GDP: Total natural resources rents (% of GDP). Total natural resources rents are the sum of oil rents, natural gas rents, coal rents (hard and soft), mineral rents, and forest rents.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per million people: Carbon dioxide equivalent of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) emissions over a 100 year period. These numbers do not represent total HFCs emissions over 100 years, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the total amount of HFCs emitted over 100 years. A 100 year timeframe is used since HFCs have a shorter atmospheric lifetime than CO2. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.
International agreements > Signed but not ratified: The various international environmental agreements which a country has signed but not ratified. Agreements are listed in alphabetical order by the abbreviated form of the full name.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > % of GNI: Energy depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > % of GNI: Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Water pollution > Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Pollution > Water pollution, chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, chemical industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Perfluorcarbons (PFCs) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per million people: Carbon dioxide equivalent of perfluorocarbons emissions over 100 years. These numbers do not represent total PFCs emissions, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the total amount of PFCs emitted over 100 years. A 100 year time scale is used since PFCs have a shorter atmospheric lifetime than CO2. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Marine protected areas > % of territorial waters: Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters). Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
Pollution > Water pollution, metal industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, metal industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > % of total fuel combustion: CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (% of total fuel combustion). CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production is the sum of three IEA categories of CO2 emissions: (1) Main Activity Producer Electricity and Heat which contains the sum of emissions from main activity producer electricity generation, combined heat and power generation and heat plants. Main activity producers (formerly known as public utilities) are defined as those undertakings whose primary activity is to supply the public. They may be publicly or privately owned. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 1 a. For the CO2 emissions from fuel combustion (summary) file, emissions from own on-site use of fuel in power plants (EPOWERPLT) are also included. (2) Unallocated Autoproducers which contains the emissions from the generation of electricity and/or heat by autoproducers. Autoproducers are defined as undertakings that generate electricity and/or heat, wholly or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, these emissions would normally be distributed between industry, transport and "other" sectors. (3) Other Energy Industries contains emissions from fuel combusted in petroleum refineries, for the manufacture of solid fuels, coal mining, oil and gas extraction and other energy-producing industries. This corresponds to the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 1 b and 1 A 1 c. According to the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, emissions from coke inputs to blast furnaces can either be counted here or in the Industrial Processes source/sink category. Within detailed sectoral calculations, certain non-energy processes can be distinguished. In the reduction of iron in a blast furnace through the combustion of coke, the primary purpose of the coke oxidation is to produce pig iron and the emissions can be considered as an industrial process. Care must be taken not to double count these emissions in both Energy and Industrial Processes. In the IEA estimations, these emissions have been included in this category.
Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI: Carbon dioxide damage is estimated to be $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted.
Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved sanitation > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, rural.
Climate change > Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent: Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent). Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
Pollution > Water pollution, textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, textile industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Nitrous oxide (N2O) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent): Carbon dioxide equivalent of nitrous oxide emissions not including human-based land use, land use change and forestry. These numbers do not represent total NO2 emissions, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the total amount of NO2 emitted, which is 310 times more CO2. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.
Pollution > Water pollution, clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, clay and glass industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: stone, ceramics, and glass (36). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Kyoto Protocol sign date: Signed.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > % of GNI: Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > % of total surface area: Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > % of total surface area: Terrestrial protected areas are those officially documented by national authorities.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2005 PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Emissions > Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions > % of total: Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions are emissions produced through fertilizer use (synthetic and animal manure), animal waste management, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savannah burning."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > Current US$: Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital.
Emissions > Agricultural methane emissions > % of total: Agricultural methane emissions are emissions from animals, animal waste, rice production, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savannah burning."
CO2 Emissions: CO2: Total Emissions (excluding land-use) Units: thousand metric tonnes of carbon dioxide
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > % of GNI: Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Water > Phosphorus concentration: Phosphorus concentration
Units: Milligrams/Liter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, except where data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of bodies of water; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system. The data from "The Wellbeing of Nations" included a smaller subset of stations representing outfalls of major watersheds. An analysis of a sample of countries with numerous stations found that the data for stations in the subset is broadly comparable to the data for all GEMS stations in those countries.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per thousand people: Carbon dioxide equivalent of all greenhouse gas emissions not including human-based land use, land use change and forestry. These numbers do not represent total greenhouse gas emissions, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI: Carbon dioxide damage is estimated to be $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons per million: CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services contains all emissions from fuel combustion in households. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 4 b. Commercial and public services includes emissions from all activities of ISIC Divisions 41, 50-52, 55, 63-67, 70-75, 80, 85, 90-93 and 99. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent per million: GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent). GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF refers to changes in atmospheric levels of all greenhouse gases attributable to forest and land-use change activities, including but not limited to (1) emissions and removals of CO2 from decreases or increases in biomass stocks due to forest management, logging, fuelwood collection, etc.; (2) conversion of existing forests and natural grasslands to other land uses; (3) removal of CO2 from the abandonment of formerly managed lands (e.g. croplands and pastures); and (4) emissions and removals of CO2 in soil associated with land-use change and management. For Annex-I countries under the UNFCCC, these data are drawn from the annual GHG inventories submitted to the UNFCCC by each country; for non-Annex-I countries, data are drawn from the most recently submitted National Communication where available. Because of differences in reporting years and methodologies, these data are not generally considered comparable across countries. Data are in million metric tons. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Agriculture > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Climate change > CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services > % of total fuel combustion: CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion). CO2 emissions from other sectors, less residential buildings and commercial and public services, contains the emissions from commercial/institutional activities, residential, agriculture/forestry, fishing and other emissions not specified elsewhere that are included in the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 4 and 1 A 5. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, the category also includes emissions from autoproducers in the commercial/residential/agricultural sectors that generate electricity and/or heat. The IEA data are not collected in a way that allows the energy consumption to be split by specific end-use and therefore, autoproducers are shown as a separate item (Unallocated Autoproducers).
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent): Carbon dioxide equivalent of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) emissions over a 100 year period. These numbers do not represent total HFCs emissions over 100 years, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the total amount of HFCs emitted over 100 years. A 100 year timeframe is used since HFCs have a shorter atmospheric lifetime than CO2. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change.
Oil rents > % of GDP: Oil rents (% of GDP). Oil rents are the difference between the value of crude oil production at world prices and total costs of production.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Industry > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for industry are total withdrawals for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Domestic > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Emissions > Industrial methane emissions > % of total: Industrial methane emissions are emissions from the handling, transmission, and combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels."
Water pollution > Clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: stone, ceramics, and glass (36). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow per capita: Inflow of surface and groundwaters for neighboring countries. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > Current US$: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > Current US$: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Gross savings > % of GNI: Gross savings are the difference between gross national income and public and private consumption, plus net current transfers."
Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Forest area > % of land area: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > % of internal resources: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change sign date: Signature.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry: Water supplied annually, where losses during transportation have been subtracted.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Perfluorcarbons (PFCs) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent): Carbon dioxide equivalent of perfluorocarbons emissions over 100 years. These numbers do not represent total PFCs emissions, but rather the total amount of CO2 that would have to be emitted to have the same global warming potential (GWP) as the total amount of PFCs emitted over 100 years. A 100 year time scale is used since PFCs have a shorter atmospheric lifetime than CO2. The GWP of a greenhouse gas is useful in determining a country's overall impact on climate change.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > % of total fuel combustion: CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion). CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services contains all emissions from fuel combustion in households. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 4 b. Commercial and public services includes emissions from all activities of ISIC Divisions 41, 50-52, 55, 63-67, 70-75, 80, 85, 90-93 and 99.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > Current US$: Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > Current US$: Energy depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal."
Water > Suspended solids: Suspended solids
Units: Natural Log of Milligrams/Liter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, exceptwhere data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of bodies of water; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system. Data from "The Wellbeing of Nations" included a smaller subset of stations representing outfalls of majorwatersheds. An analysis of a sample of countries with numerous stations found that the data for stations in the subset is broadly comparable to the data for all GEMS stations in those countries. The data in this table was transformed using the natural logarithm.
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a countryÂ’s technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations.
Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks dissatisfaction: Dissatisfaction with Green and Parks in the City. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with green and parks in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution > Nitrogen Oxides per capita: Kilogram weight of Nitrogen Oxides produced per capita in 1998 or latest available year.

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STAT	Spain	United Kingdom
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$	$955.14 billion Ranked 9th.	$2.04 trillion Ranked 5th. 2 times more than Spain
CO2 Emissions per 1000	7.26 Ranked 39th.	9.37 Ranked 25th. 29% more than Spain
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > Million metric tons	101.11 Ranked 23th.	196.7 Ranked 12th. 95% more than Spain
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > Million metric tons per million	2.19 Ranked 54th.	3.13 Ranked 38th. 43% more than Spain
Current issues	pollution of the Mediterranean Sea from raw sewage and effluents from the offshore production of oil and gas; water quality and quantity nationwide; air pollution; deforestation; desertification	continues to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (has met Kyoto Protocol target of a 12.5% reduction from 1990 levels and intends to meet the legally binding target and move toward a domestic goal of a 20% cut in emissions by 2010); by 2005 the government reduced the amount of industrial and commercial waste disposed of in landfill sites to 85% of 1998 levels and recycled or composted at least 25% of household waste, increasing to 33% by 2015
Ecological footprint	5.5 Ranked 26th. 17% more than United Kingdom	4.7 Ranked 5th.
Marine fish catch	1.02 million tons Ranked 15th. 43% more than United Kingdom	711,809 tons Ranked 18th.
Pollution perceptions > Air pollution	43.96 Ranked 17th. 48% more than United Kingdom	29.68 Ranked 49th.
Pollution perceptions > Air quality	56.04 Ranked 11th.	70.32 Ranked 11th. 25% more than Spain
Pollution perceptions > Clean water	63.89 Ranked 9th.	72.77 Ranked 9th. 14% more than Spain
Pollution perceptions > Drinking water pollution	38.26 Ranked 8th. 71% more than United Kingdom	22.35 Ranked 47th.
Pollution perceptions > Water pollution	36.11 Ranked 19th. 33% more than United Kingdom	27.23 Ranked 51st.
Proportion of land area under protection	29.01% Ranked 32nd. 4% more than United Kingdom	27.91% Ranked 36th.
Total renewable water resources	111.1 cu km Ranked 9th.	160.6 cu km Ranked 7th. 45% more than Spain
Transport CO2 emission index	3,574.13 Ranked 22nd. 6% more than United Kingdom	3,369.84 Ranked 23th.
Water > Freshwater pollution	3.7 tons/cubic km Ranked 15th. 11% more than United Kingdom	3.34 tons/cubic km Ranked 17th.
Forest area > Sq. km > Per capita	4.13 kmÂ² per 1,000 people Ranked 83th. 9 times more than United Kingdom	0.472 kmÂ² per 1,000 people Ranked 163th.
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day	379,728.4 Ranked 11th.	521,716.1 Ranked 8th. 37% more than Spain
Waste > Local garbage collected	25.09 million tonnes Ranked 8th.	32.6 million tonnes Ranked 5th. 30% more than Spain
Marine fish catch per 1000	25.48 tons Ranked 24th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	12.13 tons Ranked 41st.
Water > Severe water stress	72.3 Ranked 26th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	21 Ranked 51st.
Pollution perceptions > Noise and light pollution	58.33 Ranked 2nd. 34% more than United Kingdom	43.41 Ranked 41st.
Endangered species > Mammal species > Number	16 Ranked 50th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	5 Ranked 139th.
Biodiversity > Mammal species, threatened	16 Ranked 53th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	5 Ranked 148th.
Pollution perceptions > Drinking water quality	61.74 Ranked 20th.	77.65 Ranked 13th. 26% more than Spain
CO2 emissions > Kt	309,160.9 kt Ranked 17th.	558,461 kt Ranked 8th. 81% more than Spain
Pollution perceptions > Pollution index	49.3 Ranked 17th. 44% more than United Kingdom	34.29 Ranked 49th.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban and rural	99.95 Ranked 34th.	100 Ranked 14th. The same as Spain
National parks > Number of parks	14 Ranked 12th.	15 Ranked 10th. 7% more than Spain
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita	8 Ranked 45th.	8.84 Ranked 39th. 11% more than Spain
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita	5.85 Ranked 63th.	7.93 Ranked 39th. 35% more than Spain
Biodiversity > Bird species, threatened	12 Ranked 103th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	4 Ranked 174th.
Carbon efficiency	1 CO2 emissions/$ GDP Ranked 81st.	1.17 CO2 emissions/$ GDP Ranked 69th. 17% more than Spain
CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000	7.36 kt Ranked 45th.	9.38 kt Ranked 31st. 27% more than Spain
Endangered species > Bird species	15 Ranked 53th. 8 times more than United Kingdom	2 Ranked 172nd.
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$22,008.69 Ranked 24th.	$33,876.64 Ranked 9th. 54% more than Spain
National parks > Proportion of country area	0.7% Ranked 32nd.	8.2% Ranked 2nd. 12 times more than Spain
Total renewable water resources per million	2.56 cu km Ranked 19th.	2.67 cu km Ranked 18th. 4% more than Spain
SO2 emissions per populated area	1,310 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 45th.	5,370 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 7th. 4 times more than Spain
Waste > Local garbage collected per thousand people	546.52 tonnes Ranked 21st. 4% more than United Kingdom	527.41 tonnes Ranked 24th.
Waste > Hazardous waste created	3.65 million tonnes Ranked 14th.	7.29 million tonnes Ranked 9th. Twice as much as Spain
Biodiversity > Fish species, threatened	70 Ranked 19th. 63% more than United Kingdom	43 Ranked 45th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt	269,674.85 Ranked 24th.	493,504.86 Ranked 11th. 83% more than Spain
CO2 emissions > Kt > Per capita	7.36 kt per 1,000 people Ranked 49th.	9.37 kt per 1,000 people Ranked 35th. 27% more than Spain
Endangered species > Fish species > Number	52 Ranked 16th. 53% more than United Kingdom	34 Ranked 26th.
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day	378,843.8 Ranked 11th.	521,716.1 Ranked 9th. 38% more than Spain
Pollution perceptions > Waste management dissatisfaction	39.77 Ranked 20th. 5% more than United Kingdom	37.95 Ranked 39th.
Pollution > Climate change > Agrees climate change is caused by human activity	71% Ranked 23th. 48% more than United Kingdom	48% Ranked 91st.
Water > Percent of water resources used	29.02% Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than United Kingdom	8.84% Ranked 55th.
Endangered species > Higher plant species > Number	49 Ranked 42nd. 4 times more than United Kingdom	14 Ranked 79th.
NOx emissions per populated area	0.44 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 41st.	2.76 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 4th. 6 times more than Spain
Water > Dissolved oxygen concentration	8.35 mls/litre Ranked 54th.	10.4 mls/litre Ranked 14th. 25% more than Spain
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000	5.85 Ranked 63th.	7.93 Ranked 39th. 35% more than Spain
Forest area > Sq. km	179,150 kmÂ² Ranked 32nd. 6 times more than United Kingdom	28,450 kmÂ² Ranked 90th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP	$0.23 Ranked 163th. 9% more than United Kingdom	$0.21 Ranked 165th.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban and rural	99.99 Ranked 36th.	100 Ranked 18th. The same as Spain
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kt	358,965.74 Ranked 18th.	539,175.92 Ranked 9th. 50% more than Spain
Pollution perceptions > Clean, tidy cities	55.68 Ranked 9th.	55.75 Ranked 20th. About the same as Spain
Water > Availability	2.33 thousand cubic metres Ranked 77th.	3.1 thousand cubic metres Ranked 68th. 33% more than Spain
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Rural	100 Ranked 13th. The same as United Kingdom	100 Ranked 14th.
Biodiversity > Plant species > Higher, threatened	213 Ranked 17th. 14 times more than United Kingdom	15 Ranked 91st.
Adjusted net national income > Current US$ per capita	$26,987.49 Ranked 23th.	$33,451.41 Ranked 17th. 24% more than Spain
Waste > Population served by local garbage collection	100% Ranked 4th. The same as United Kingdom	100% Ranked 12th.
National parks > Total area	3,447 Ranked 14th.	19,989 Ranked 3rd. 6 times more than Spain
Biodiversity > Number	6.84 Ranked 41st. 93% more than United Kingdom	3.55 Ranked 65th.
Adjusted net national income > Current US$	$1.25 trillion Ranked 13th.	$2.10 trillion Ranked 7th. 68% more than Spain
Water > Freshwater internal flow per capita	1,334.5 cubic metres Ranked 32nd.	2,748.33 cubic metres Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Spain
Water > Freshwater internal flow	57.91 billion cubic metres Ranked 16th.	169.88 billion cubic metres Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than Spain
Pollution > Climate change > Climate change awareness	85% Ranked 31st.	97% Ranked 4th. 14% more than Spain
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Emissions (CO2 equivalent)	355,897.71 Ranked 14th.	594,021.5 Ranked 7th. 67% more than Spain
Pollution perceptions > Urban comfort > Low pollution	62.91 Ranked 13th.	78.96 Ranked 9th. 26% more than Spain
Waste > Hazardous waste created per thousand people	80.09 tonnes Ranked 26th.	118.66 tonnes Ranked 22nd. 48% more than Spain
Protected area	8.4% Ranked 48th.	20.5% Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Spain
Pollution perceptions > Dirty, untidy cities	44.32 Ranked 19th. About the same as United Kingdom	44.25 Ranked 40th.
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum	6.84 Ranked 42nd. 93% more than United Kingdom	3.55 Ranked 66th.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP	$0.49 Ranked 113th. 58% more than United Kingdom	$0.31 Ranked 155th.
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000	81 Ranked 17th.	148 Ranked 8th. 83% more than Spain
Pollution perceptions > Free of noise and light pollution	41.67 Ranked 26th.	56.59 Ranked 19th. 36% more than Spain
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources > Total > Billion cubic meters	111.2 Ranked 51st.	145 Ranked 46th. 30% more than Spain
Acidification	3.65% Ranked 34th.	45.75% Ranked 10th. 13 times more than Spain
Emissions > Methane emissions > Kt of CO2 equivalent	38,010 Ranked 34th.	39,400 Ranked 33th. 4% more than Spain
Pollution > Nuclear waste	192 Ranked 9th.	820 Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Spain
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry per capita	84.01 cubic metres Ranked 16th.	100.17 cubic metres Ranked 18th. 19% more than Spain
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters	2,440.97 Ranked 91st. 3% more than United Kingdom	2,361.3 Ranked 92nd.
Pollution > PM10, country level > Micrograms per cubic meter	23.72 Ranked 108th. 86% more than United Kingdom	12.78 Ranked 163th.
Wetlands of intl importance > Area	158 thousand hectares Ranked 55th.	855 thousand hectares Ranked 17th. 5 times more than Spain
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > Number	468 Ranked 36th.	778 Ranked 27th. 66% more than Spain
CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 PPP $ of GDP	0.32 kg/PPP$ Ranked 82nd.	0.34 kg/PPP$ Ranked 77th. 6% more than Spain
Proportion of land and marine area under protection	25.32% Ranked 36th. 8% more than United Kingdom	23.37% Ranked 44th.
Endangered species protection	100% Ranked 14th. The same as United Kingdom	100% Ranked 16th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons	7.67 Ranked 21st. 69% more than United Kingdom	4.54 Ranked 30th.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per million people	7.84 Ranked 18th.	11.08 Ranked 13th. 41% more than Spain
Pollution perceptions > Urban discomfort from pollution	37.09 Ranked 15th. 76% more than United Kingdom	21.04 Ranked 51st.
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum per million	0.15 Ranked 117th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	0.0578 Ranked 154th.
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide per capita	6 Ranked 23th.	9 Ranked 12th. 50% more than Spain
Water > Population connected to wastewater treatment	92% Ranked 6th.	97.5% Ranked 4th. 6% more than Spain
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Rural	99.99% Ranked 33th.	100% Ranked 17th. The same as Spain
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban	99.94 Ranked 49th.	100 Ranked 20th. The same as Spain
Commitment to Development Index (environment)	6.4 Ranked 16th.	7.2 Ranked 6th. 13% more than Spain
Sea > Blue Flag beaches per million people	10.74 Ranked 9th. 6 times more than United Kingdom	1.7 Ranked 17th.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Methane (CH4) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent)	35,011.7 Ranked 12th.	41,418.31 Ranked 10th. 18% more than Spain
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Carbon dioxide (CO2) > CO2 emissions per thousand people	6.17 Ranked 28th.	8.12 Ranked 20th. 32% more than Spain
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Carbon dioxide (CO2) > CO2 emissions	284,454.19 Ranked 13th.	505,727.86 Ranked 6th. 78% more than Spain
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent)	361.06 Ranked 11th.	689.99 Ranked 6th. 91% more than Spain
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Methane (CH4) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per thousand people	0.76 Ranked 31st. 14% more than United Kingdom	0.665 Ranked 32nd.
Pollution perceptions > Waste management satisfaction	60.23 Ranked 8th.	62.05 Ranked 21st. 3% more than Spain
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000 per million	2.01 Ranked 15th.	2.51 Ranked 8th. 25% more than Spain
Pollution > Climate change > Perceived as threat	69% Ranked 19th. The same as United Kingdom	69% Ranked 20th.
Emissions > Nitrous oxide emissions > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent	48,520 Ranked 17th.	65,480 Ranked 13th. 35% more than Spain
Wildness	3.43% Ranked 71st. 16 times more than United Kingdom	0.21% Ranked 99th.
Biosphere > Reserves area	1,181 thousand hectares Ranked 34th. 39 times more than United Kingdom	30 thousand hectares Ranked 79th.
Forest area > Sq. km per 1000	4.13 kmÂ² Ranked 83th. 9 times more than United Kingdom	0.472 kmÂ² Ranked 161st.
Threatened species > Mammal	19 Ranked 36th. 5 times more than United Kingdom	4 Ranked 136th.
World Heritage Sites (environmental)	3 Ranked 15th.	4 Ranked 10th. 33% more than Spain
Known mammal species	82 Ranked 104th. 64% more than United Kingdom	50 Ranked 134th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons	24.95 Ranked 19th.	75.86 Ranked 10th. 3 times more than Spain
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker	0.155 Ranked 43th.	0.167 Ranked 35th. 8% more than Spain
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > Billion cubic meters	35.63 Ranked 23th. 4 times more than United Kingdom	9.54 Ranked 46th.
Sea > Blue Flag beaches	493 Ranked 1st. 5 times more than United Kingdom	105 Ranked 8th.
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999	74,691 Ranked 18th.	147,199 Ranked 6th. 97% more than Spain
Breeding birds threatened	2.52% Ranked 68th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	0.87% Ranked 119th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000	3.38 Ranked 48th. 20% more than United Kingdom	2.81 Ranked 58th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt	71,429.49 Ranked 25th.	194,251.99 Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Spain
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000	0.674 Ranked 52nd.	1.89 Ranked 32nd. 3 times more than Spain
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt per 1000	1.55 Ranked 44th.	3.12 Ranked 21st. 2 times more than Spain
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt	31,033.82 Ranked 27th.	117,677.7 Ranked 16th. 4 times more than Spain
Climate change > Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent per million	263.48 Ranked 29th. 15% more than United Kingdom	229.5 Ranked 37th.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > Number	47 Ranked 18th.	149 Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Spain
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban	99.99 Ranked 39th.	100 Ranked 19th. The same as Spain
Emissions > Other greenhouse gas emissions > HFC > PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent	15,050 Ranked 9th. 7% more than United Kingdom	14,030 Ranked 10th.
Urban SO2 concentration	11 micrograms/m3 Ranked 125th.	21.96 micrograms/m3 Ranked 102nd. Twice as much as Spain
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Nitrous oxide (N2O) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per million people	599.65 Ranked 31st. 7% more than United Kingdom	561.98 Ranked 33th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > Current US$	$218.52 billion Ranked 8th.	$368.16 billion Ranked 6th. 68% more than Spain
Pollution > Nuclear waste efficiency	0.9 Ranked 14th.	3.7 Ranked 4th. 4 times more than Spain
Sustainability-satisfying companies	63.4% Ranked 6th.	68% Ranked 4th. 7% more than Spain
Marine areas under protection	27 Ranked 16th.	95 Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Spain
Water > Population connected to wastewater collecting system	100% Ranked 3rd. 2% more than United Kingdom	97.7% Ranked 8th.
Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow	0.0 Ranked 35th.	7.23 billion cubic metres Ranked 14th.
Water > Proportion of marine area under protection	9.37% Ranked 58th.	16.61% Ranked 35th. 77% more than Spain
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > Current US$	$157.65 billion Ranked 6th. 50% more than United Kingdom	$105.29 billion Ranked 10th.
Environmental agreement compliance	4.87 Ranked 23th.	5.69 Ranked 11th. 17% more than Spain
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999 per 1000	1.87 Ranked 49th.	2.51 Ranked 26th. 34% more than Spain
Pollution > Nuclear waste per million	4.83 Ranked 13th.	14.02 Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Spain
Emissions > PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter	31.61 Ranked 97th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	15.49 Ranked 154th.
Known mammal species per million	1.98 Ranked 129th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	0.843 Ranked 141st.
Wetlands of intl importance > Area per million	3.82 thousand hectares Ranked 78th.	14.41 thousand hectares Ranked 55th. 4 times more than Spain
Kyoto Protocol > Results to date > EU Assigned Objective > For 2012	15% Ranked 3rd.	-12.5% Ranked 6th.
Kyoto Protocol > Treaty Obligation 2008-2012	-8% Ranked 6th. The same as United Kingdom	-8% Ranked 5th.
Areas under protection per million	7.81 Ranked 48th.	9.72 Ranked 45th. 24% more than Spain
Water > Salinisation	927.14 Ranked 45th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	368.06 Ranked 101st.
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000 > Per $ GDP	0.00864 per $100 million Ranked 17th. 4% more than United Kingdom	0.00831 per $100 million Ranked 21st.
Areas under protection	328 Ranked 22nd.	579 Ranked 18th. 77% more than Spain
Marine areas under protection per million	0.643 Ranked 42nd.	1.59 Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Spain
Biosphere > Reserves area per million	28.59 thousand hectares Ranked 48th. 57 times more than United Kingdom	0.506 thousand hectares Ranked 83th.
Fertiliser > Consumption	1,475.35 hundred grams/hectare Ranked 36th.	3,325.35 hundred grams/hectare Ranked 17th. 2 times more than Spain
Urban NO2 concentration	32.36 micrograms/m3 Ranked 114th.	64.47 micrograms/m3 Ranked 32nd. Twice as much as Spain
Non-wildness	10.33% Ranked 40th.	32.05% Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Spain
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > % of GNI	10.09% Ranked 44th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	3.9% Ranked 78th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > % of GNI	0.0 Ranked 116th.	0.0 Ranked 126th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions	3.74% Ranked 25th. 51% more than United Kingdom	2.47% Ranked 33th.
Known breeding bird species per million	6.8 Ranked 113th. 76% more than United Kingdom	3.86 Ranked 131st.
Pollution > Water pollution, wood industry > % of total BOD emissions	3.77% Ranked 29th. 53% more than United Kingdom	2.47% Ranked 40th.
Natural gas rents > % of GDP	0.00044% Ranked 82nd.	0.238% Ranked 45th. 541 times more than Spain
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > Current US$	$21.62 million Ranked 69th.	0.0 Ranked 155th.
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP	84.47% Ranked 76th.	88.86% Ranked 29th. 5% more than Spain
Water pollution > Food industry > % of total BOD emissions	39.6% Ranked 22nd. 65 times more than United Kingdom	0.61% Ranked 33th.
Adjusted net national income > Current US$, % of GDP	84.38% Ranked 69th.	85.86% Ranked 54th. 2% more than Spain
Emissions > CO2 intensity > Kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use	2.49 Ranked 53th.	2.55 Ranked 47th. 2% more than Spain
Pollution > Water pollution, food industry > % of total BOD emissions	15.3% Ranked 39th. 3% more than United Kingdom	14.87% Ranked 47th.
Pollution > Water pollution, other industry > % of total BOD emissions	42.69% Ranked 18th.	46.14% Ranked 18th. 8% more than Spain
Pollution > Water pollution, paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions	7.96% Ranked 13th.	12.47% Ranked 5th. 57% more than Spain
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent	-28.628 Ranked 30th. 7 times more than United Kingdom	-4.079 Ranked 17th.
Known breeding bird species	281 Ranked 24th. 23% more than United Kingdom	229 Ranked 58th.
Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions	4.31% Ranked 7th. 8% more than United Kingdom	4% Ranked 9th.
Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions	9.61% Ranked 7th.	15.38% Ranked 2nd. 60% more than Spain
Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks satisfaction	58.2 Ranked 18th.	77.43 Ranked 7th. 33% more than Spain
Total natural resources rents > % of GDP	0.0924% Ranked 152nd.	1.53% Ranked 110th. 17 times more than Spain
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per million people	176.79 Ranked 13th.	229.87 Ranked 7th. 30% more than Spain
Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions	9.47% Ranked 12th.	17.52% Ranked 2nd. 85% more than Spain
Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI	0.4% of GNI Ranked 72nd. 13 times more than United Kingdom	0.03% of GNI Ranked 151st.
International agreements > Signed but not ratified	Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants	none of the selected agreements
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > % of GNI	0.04% Ranked 83th.	2.14% Ranked 49th. 54 times more than Spain
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > % of GNI	13.98% Ranked 15th. 2% more than United Kingdom	13.65% Ranked 28th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions	3.06% Ranked 26th. 13% more than United Kingdom	2.7% Ranked 29th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions	42.37% Ranked 20th.	46.14% Ranked 17th. 9% more than Spain
Pollution > Water pollution, chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions	10.83% Ranked 26th.	13.54% Ranked 11th. 25% more than Spain
Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions	20.57% Ranked 6th.	48.03% Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Spain
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Perfluorcarbons (PFCs) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per million people	6.58 Ranked 18th. 86% more than United Kingdom	3.54 Ranked 23th.
Marine protected areas > % of territorial waters	1.34% Ranked 106th.	18.21% Ranked 28th. 14 times more than Spain
Pollution > Water pollution, metal industry > % of total BOD emissions	3.12% Ranked 33th. 16% more than United Kingdom	2.7% Ranked 38th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > % of total fuel combustion	37.4% Ranked 69th.	44.4% Ranked 50th. 19% more than Spain
Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI	0.2% of GNI Ranked 136th. 11% more than United Kingdom	0.18% of GNI Ranked 141st.
Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions	8.58% Ranked 21st. 64% more than United Kingdom	5.24% Ranked 26th.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved sanitation > Rural	99.99 Ranked 33th.	100 Ranked 17th. The same as Spain
Climate change > Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent	12,139 Ranked 12th.	14,291 Ranked 11th. 18% more than Spain
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > % of total	11.51% Ranked 69th.	23.85% Ranked 46th. 2 times more than Spain
Pollution > Water pollution, textile industry > % of total BOD emissions	8.42% Ranked 41st. 97% more than United Kingdom	4.26% Ranked 59th.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Nitrous oxide (N2O) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent)	27,626.49 Ranked 9th.	34,995.46 Ranked 7th. 27% more than Spain
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > % of total	57.66% Ranked 113th. 63% more than United Kingdom	35.44% Ranked 157th.
Pollution > Water pollution, clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions	7.91% Ranked 17th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	3.56% Ranked 55th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions	7.88% Ranked 15th.	12.47% Ranked 6th. 58% more than Spain
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Kyoto Protocol sign date	29 April 1998	29 April 1998
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > % of GNI	6.57% Ranked 78th. 6 times more than United Kingdom	1.15% Ranked 108th.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > % of total surface area	5.27% Ranked 29th. 16% more than United Kingdom	4.56% Ranked 38th.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > % of total surface area	9.47% Ranked 100th.	22.35% Ranked 37th. 2 times more than Spain
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per PPP $ of GDP	$0.25 Ranked 94th. The same as United Kingdom	$0.25 Ranked 96th.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2005 PPP $ of GDP	$0.28 Ranked 88th. 8% more than United Kingdom	$0.26 Ranked 99th.
Emissions > Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions > % of total	85.72% Ranked 66th. 64% more than United Kingdom	52.2% Ranked 114th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > Current US$	$102.69 billion Ranked 11th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	$31.06 billion Ranked 29th.
Emissions > Agricultural methane emissions > % of total	44.15% Ranked 63th.	50.71% Ranked 51st. 15% more than Spain
CO2 Emissions	304,882 Ranked 16th.	558,225 Ranked 7th. 83% more than Spain
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > % of GNI	0.0 Ranked 104th.	0.0 Ranked 113th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions	10.85% Ranked 27th.	13.54% Ranked 12th. 25% more than Spain
Water > Phosphorus concentration	0.5 mls/litre Ranked 30th. 6 times more than United Kingdom	0.09 mls/litre Ranked 125th.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Emissions (CO2 equivalent) per thousand people	7.72 Ranked 30th.	9.54 Ranked 21st. 23% more than Spain
Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker	0.15 kg per day per worker Ranked 24th. 25% more than United Kingdom	0.12 kg per day per worker Ranked 31st.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI	0.18% Ranked 129th. 13% more than United Kingdom	0.16% Ranked 139th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > % of total	26.49% Ranked 53th.	39.36% Ranked 29th. 49% more than Spain
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons per million	0.54 Ranked 35th.	1.21 Ranked 13th. 2 times more than Spain
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent per million	-0.624 Ranked 19th. 9 times more than United Kingdom	-0.066 Ranked 7th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions	9.04% Ranked 29th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	4.26% Ranked 44th.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Agriculture > % of total freshwater withdrawal	68.03% Ranked 69th. 23 times more than United Kingdom	2.94% Ranked 131st.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services > % of total fuel combustion	2.84% Ranked 58th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	1.02% Ranked 97th.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent)	8,144.86 Ranked 9th.	14,314.07 Ranked 5th. 76% more than Spain
Oil rents > % of GDP	0.00413% Ranked 80th.	1.23% Ranked 50th. 296 times more than Spain
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Industry > % of total freshwater withdrawal	18.52% Ranked 38th.	75.37% Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Spain
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Domestic > % of total freshwater withdrawal	13.44% Ranked 79th.	21.7% Ranked 48th. 61% more than Spain
Emissions > Industrial methane emissions > % of total	11.29% Ranked 85th.	35.66% Ranked 43th. 3 times more than Spain
Water pollution > Clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions	0.39% Ranked 6th. 50% more than United Kingdom	0.26% Ranked 18th.
Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow per capita	0.0 Ranked 34th.	116.99 cubic metres Ranked 14th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > Current US$	$160.26 billion Ranked 6th. 52% more than United Kingdom	$105.39 billion Ranked 10th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > Current US$	$2.61 billion Ranked 9th. 26 times more than United Kingdom	$99.83 million Ranked 55th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI	0.17% Ranked 76th.	0.0 Ranked 156th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Gross savings > % of GNI	20.55% Ranked 68th. 39% more than United Kingdom	14.8% Ranked 97th.
Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions	7.47% Ranked 9th.	8.97% Ranked 7th. 20% more than Spain
Forest area > % of land area	35.89% of land area Ranked 74th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	11.76% of land area Ranked 142nd.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > % of internal resources	32.04% Ranked 39th. 5 times more than United Kingdom	6.58% Ranked 74th.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change sign date	June 13, 1992	June 12, 1992
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt	155,506.47 Ranked 18th.	174,897.57 Ranked 17th. 12% more than Spain
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry	3.83 billion cubic metres Ranked 7th.	6.11 billion cubic metres Ranked 3rd. 60% more than Spain
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > Perfluorcarbons (PFCs) > Emissions (CO2 equivalent)	303.33 Ranked 9th. 38% more than United Kingdom	220.47 Ranked 11th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > % of total fuel combustion	9.23% Ranked 53th.	17.12% Ranked 17th. 86% more than Spain
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > Current US$	0.0 Ranked 112th.	0.0 Ranked 121st.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > % of GNI	10.25% Ranked 45th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	3.91% Ranked 81st.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > Current US$	$646.92 million Ranked 70th.	$57.72 billion Ranked 12th. 89 times more than Spain
Water > Suspended solids	4.04 mls/litre Ranked 102nd. 79% more than United Kingdom	2.26 mls/litre Ranked 137th.
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker	0.15 Ranked 36th.	0.17 Ranked 24th. 13% more than Spain
PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter	33.25 mcg/mÂ³ Ranked 112th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	15.06 mcg/mÂ³ Ranked 169th.
Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks dissatisfaction	41.8 Ranked 10th. 85% more than United Kingdom	22.57 Ranked 53th.
Pollution > Nitrogen Oxides per capita	32 Ranked 17th.	35 Ranked 14th. 9% more than Spain

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Original sources: World Conservation Monitoring Center, IUCN-The World Conservation Union, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and other sources.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Resources Institute, World Resources 1998-99; World Bank, World Development Indicators 2000; WHO,Air Management Information System-AMIS 2.0, 1998; and Global Urban Observatory, Citibase, 1999. via ciesin.org; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's National Accounts Statistics.; Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France, OECD Environmental Data Compendium, 1999; Assessment of the Country Allocation of the Dow Jones Sustainability Group Index, SAM SustainabilityGroup via ciesin.org; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a8, Inflow of surface and groundwaters; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Bank staff estimates. The conceptual underpinnings of the savings measure appear in Hamilton and Clemens' ""Genuine Savings Rates in Developing Countries"" (1999).; Michael E. Porter et al, The Global Competitveness Report 2001. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. via ciesin.org; Gregg Marland, Tom Boden, and Bob Andres, University of North Dakota, via net publication. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France, OECD Environmental Data Compendium. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Kiren Dev Pandey, David Wheeler, Bart Ostro, Uwe Deichmann, Kirk Hamilton, and Katherine Bolt. ""Ambient Particulate Matter Concentrations in Residential and Pollution Hotspot Areas of World Cities: New Estimates Based on the Global Model of Ambient Particulates (GMAPS),"" World Bank, Development Research Group and Environment Department (2006).; World Resources Institute. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Kyoto Protocol; World Bank, World Development Indicators 2001. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2001. via ciesin.org; Wild Areas Project (WAP), joint Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and CIESIN project to map the last wild places on the earth's surface. Accessed via ciesin.org; World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in Arundhati Kunte and others' ""Estimating National Wealth: Methodology and Results"" (1998).; The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium. GDP figures sourced from World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division Original html; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of parties to the Kyoto Protocol (Parties); World Bank staff estimates.; World Resources Institute. 2003. Carbon Emissions from energy use and cement manufacturing, 1850 to 2000. Available on-line through the Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) at Washington, DC: World Resources Institute; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Global Environmental Monitoring System/Water Quality Monitoring System, with data for an additional 29 countries from Prescott-Allen, R. The Well being of Nations, Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank staff estimates based on Samuel Fankhauser's ""Valuing Climate Change: The Economics of the Greenhouse"" (1995).; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Source tables; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a8, Inflow of surface and groundwaters. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Kiran D. Pandey and others' ""The Human Costs of Air Pollution: New Estimates for Developing Countries"" (2006).; World Bank national accounts data files.; Wikipedia: List of parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (List of parties) (Parties & Observers , UNFCCC, 1 June 2011); http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a29, Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Source tables

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