Education Stats: compare key data on Canada & Turkey

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Average years of schooling of adults: Average years of schooling of adults is the years of formal schooling received, on average, by adults over age 15. (Data Source: Barro-Lee Data Set www.worldbank.org/html/prdmg/grthweb/ddbarle2.htm)
Children out of school, primary: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
Children out of school, primary per 1000: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Children out of school, primary, female: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
College and university > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for college and university enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
College and university > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to post-secondary education.
Compulsary education duration: Number of years students are required to be enrolled in school for all levels of education. For instance, compulsary education lasts for 12 years in the United States.
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP: Percentage of public funding for education out of country's total GDP.
Homeschooling legal status: Legal status of homeschooling.
Literacy > Total population: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Primary education, duration > Years: Primary education, duration (years). Duration of primary is the number of grades (years) in primary education.
Primary education, teachers per 1000: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Primary is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers.
Secondary education, duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years). Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (years) in secondary education (ISCED 2 & 3).
Literacy > Female: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
College and university > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
Child care (preschool) > Duration: Number of years students study at the pre-primary (preschool) level. It should be noted that not all countries require pre-primary education.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Duration of compulsory education: Duration of compulsory education is the number of grades (or years) that a child must legally be enrolled in school.
Secondary education, pupils: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions.
College and university > Private school share: Percentage of post-secondary students who attend a private school, college, or university.
School life expectancy > Total: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Primary education, teachers: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Primary education, pupils: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions.
Tertiary enrollment: Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary level is the sum of all tertiary level students enrolled at the start of the school year, expressed as a percentage of the mid-year population in the 5 year age group after the official secondary school leaving age.
Spending per student > College and university: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
High school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Compulsary education starting age: Age at which children must be enrolled in school.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Definition: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
High school > Upper secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the upper secondary (high school) level.
Literacy > Male: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Spending > USD: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment."
Spending > Proportion: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. Expressed as a proportion of GNI."
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Child care (preschool) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin pre-primary (preschool) education.
Preschool enrollment rate: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
Tertiary > Students studying abroad: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year.
Teachers as percentage of labor force: The percentage share of the total labor force who are classroom, academic staff, and other teachers. Data for 1999.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Elementary (primary school) > Duration: Number of years students study at the primary level.
Children out of school > Primary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Secondary education, teachers per 1000: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education, teachers: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for pre-primary (preschool) education.
High school > Lower secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the lower secondary (middle school) level.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education, general pupils: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
High school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for secondary level enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve: Access and retrieve.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female: Percentage of country's college and university professors that are female.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion: The number of students from a given country studying abroad in a given year, expressed as a percentage of total tertiary enrollment in that country. Ratios greater than 100 % are possible, because those currently studying abroad do not count towards total enrollment.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scouting > Genders admitted: Admits boys/girls.
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin primary education.
International Baccalaureate schools: Number of schools of any level teaching the curriculum of the International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO).
Children out of school, primary, male: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
High school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for all levels of secondary education.
Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.
Secondary school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age (years). Entrance age of 2A lower secondary is the age at which students would enter lower secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
High school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age is the age at which students would enter secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women: Population with at least high school education > Women.
Elementary school graduate rate: Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Schools connected to the Internet: Schools connected to the Internet are the share of primary and secondary schools in the country that have access to the Internet.
Secondary education, pupils per 1000: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Primary education, pupils per 1000: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years) is the number of grades (years) in secondary school."
Teacher student ratio > High school: Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Children out of school > Primary per 1000: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Elementary school > Enrolled students: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret: Integrate and interpret.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share: Percentage of primary students who attend a private school.
High school > Lower secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin lower secondary (middle school) education.
Elementary school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Duration of education > Secondary level: Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (or years) in general secondary education.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level: Public expenditure per student, tertiary level is the total reported current spending by the government on tertiary education, divided by the total number of pupils in tertiary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Primary education > Pupils: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men: Gender Inequality Index.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Secondary education, vocational pupils: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for education that goes to school staff salaries.
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for primary education.
Secondary education > Teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Scientific and technical journal articles per million: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts: Non-continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts: Continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Duration of education > Primary level: Duration of primary education is the number of grades (or years) in primary education.
Expected duration of education for all students: Expected years of schooling for a 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
Children out of school > Primary > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate: Reflect and evaluate.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
High school > Upper secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin upper secondary (high school) education.
Elementary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Elementary school repeaters > All: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
School life expectancy > Male: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad.
Library books per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in primary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
Primary education > Teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.
Private school enrolment > Primary level: Private sector enrolment share, primary level is the share of primary school pupils who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Female enrolment share > Primary level: Girls' enrolment share, primary level is the number of girls enrolled in primary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in primary school.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Primary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age (years). Entrance age of primary is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
Scouting > Members: Members of boy or girl scout groups which are members of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM).
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level: Net enrolment ratio, secondary level, is the ratio of the number of children of official secondary school age enrolled in school to the number of children of official secondary school age in the population.
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Children out of school > Primary > Male: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index in primary, or elementary, school. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level: Girls' enrolment share, secondary level is the number of girls enrolled in secondary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in secondary school.
Private school enrolment > Secondary level: Private sector enrolment share, secondary level is the share of students in general secondary education who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64: For each age group shown, those who have completed tertiary education are shown as a percentage of all persons in that age group. Tertiary education includes both tertiary-type "A programmes”, which are largely theoretically-based and designed to provide qualifications for entry to advanced research programmes and professions with high skill requirements, as well as tertiary-type "B programmes” which are classified at the same level of competencies as tertiary-type A programmes but are more occupationally-oriented and lead to direct labour market access. The tertiary attainment profiles are based on the percentage of the population aged 25 to 64 that has completed that level of education.
Scouting > Members per thousand people: Membership (from 2012). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
School life expectancy > Female: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Elementary school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
Elementary school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
High school teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Elementary school teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 15 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 20 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Primary education > Pupils per 1000: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in secondary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Library members per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Library employees per million: . Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Expected duration of education for males: Expected years of schooling for a male 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 19 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 16 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Services, etc., value added > Current US$: Services, etc., value added (current US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU: Services, etc., value added (constant LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant local currency.
Expenditure per student, tertiary > % of GDP per capita: Expenditure per student, tertiary (% of GDP per capita). Public expenditure per pupil as a % of GDP per capita. Tertiary is the total public expenditure per student in tertiary education as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).
School enrollment > Secondary > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Persistence to grade 5 > Total > % of cohort: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Unemployment with primary education, female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment with primary education, female (% of female unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Secondary education > Vocational pupils > Per capita: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
High school teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Elementary school graduate rate > Female: Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Inputs > Secondary education > Teachers > Female: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Male: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > Advanced research degree: Percentage share of advanced research degrees awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Female: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils > % female: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at secondary level includes enrollments in public and private schools.
Secondary education, teachers, female: Secondary education, teachers, female. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Female is the total number of female teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
School enrollment, secondary, male > % net: School enrollment, secondary, male (% net). Net enrolment rate. Secondary. All programmes. Male is the ratio of male children of the official secondary school age who are enrolled in secondary school to the male population of the official secondary school age.
School enrollment, secondary, female > % gross: School enrollment, secondary, female (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Secondary. All programmes. Female is the total female enrollment in secondary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the female population of official secondary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Proportion of 18 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 18 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Services, etc., value added > % of GDP: Services, etc., value added (% of GDP). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99 and they include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.
Primary education, teachers > % female: Primary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Primary is the number of female teachers at the primary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the primary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Tertiary education, teachers > % female: Tertiary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Tertiary is the number of female teachers at the tertiary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the tertiary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Public spending on education, total > % of government expenditure: Public spending on education, total (% of government expenditure). Public expenditure on education as % of total government expenditure is the total public education expenditure (current and capital) expressed as a percentage of total government expenditure for all sectors in a given financial year. Public education expenditure includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration, and subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).
Unemployment with primary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with primary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Labor force with tertiary education, male > % of male labor force: Labor force with tertiary education, male (% of male labor force). Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Unemployment with tertiary education, female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education, female (% of female unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Unemployment with tertiary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Education spending > % of GDP: Government Education Expenditure (% of GDP, 2000-2002)
Public spending on education > Total > % of government expenditure: Public expenditure on education consists of current and capital public expenditure on education plus subsidies to private education at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels.
Repeaters, primary, male > % of male enrollment: Repeaters, primary, male (% of male enrollment). Percentage of repeaters in primary. All grades. Male is the number of male students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all male students enrolled in primary school. It is calculated by dividing the sum of male repeaters in all grades of primary education by the total male enrolment of primary education and multiplying the result by 100.
School enrollment > Primary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
Persistence to last grade of primary, female > % of cohort: Persistence to last grade of primary, female (% of cohort). Survival rate to last grade of primary. Female is the share of female children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary. The estimate is calculated on the basis of the reconstructed cohort method, which uses data on enrolment and repeaters for two consecutive years.
School enrollment, primary, male > % net: School enrollment, primary, male (% net). Net enrolment rate. Primary. Male is the ratio of male children of the official primary school age who are enrolled in primary school to the male population of the official primary school age.
Ratio of female to male enrollments in tertiary education: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > Second degree: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as second degree awarded to females. Tertiary level A includes university and advanced research level degrees. Data for 2000.
School enrollment, primary > % gross: School enrollment, primary (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Primary. Total is the total enrollment in primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of official primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
Secondary education > Pupils > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at secondary level includes enrollments in public and private schools.
Proportion of 17 year olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 17 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.

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STAT	Canada	Turkey
Average years of schooling of adults	11.6 Ranked 4th. 2 times more than Turkey	5.3 Ranked 63th.
Children out of school, primary	1,892 Ranked 100th.	243,731 Ranked 22nd. 129 times more than Canada
Children out of school, primary per 1000	0.0615 Ranked 118th.	3.34 Ranked 65th. 54 times more than Canada
Children out of school, primary, female	1,762 Ranked 86th.	139,953 Ranked 17th. 79 times more than Canada
College and university > Gender parity index	1.34 Ranked 28th. 63% more than Turkey	0.82 Ranked 93th.
College and university > Share of total education spending	35.39% Ranked 4th. 11% more than Turkey	31.9% Ranked 7th.
Compulsary education duration	11 Ranked 47th. 38% more than Turkey	8 Ranked 157th.
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP	5.5% Ranked 44th. 92% more than Turkey	2.86% Ranked 93th.
Homeschooling legal status	Legal under regulating conditions (Alberta – regulation, British Columbia – registration, Manitoba – permit, Newfoundland – permit, New Brunswick – permit, Northwest Territories – regulation, Nova Scotia – regulation, Ontario – regulation, Prince Edward Island – regulation, Quebec – permit, Saskatchewan – permit, Yukon – regulation)	Illegal, public education is mandatory without known exceptions.
Literacy > Total population	99% Ranked 30th. 13% more than Turkey	87.4% Ranked 13th.
Primary education, duration > Years	6 Ranked 145th. 20% more than Turkey	5 Ranked 174th.
Primary education, teachers per 1000	4.58 Ranked 75th. 15% more than Turkey	3.98 Ranked 72nd.
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary	17.42 Ranked 113th.	27.75 Ranked 49th. 59% more than Canada
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary	18.8 Ranked 21st.	21.76 Ranked 9th. 16% more than Canada
Secondary education, duration > Years	6 Ranked 164th.	7 Ranked 77th. 17% more than Canada
Literacy > Female	99% Ranked 29th. 24% more than Turkey	79.6% Ranked 13th.
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000	0.0578 Ranked 104th.	1.92 Ranked 58th. 33 times more than Canada
College and university > Gender ratio	135.79 Ranked 36th. 74% more than Turkey	78 Ranked 73th.
Child care (preschool) > Duration	2 Ranked 191st.	3 Ranked 117th. 50% more than Canada
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita	4.76 per 1,000 people Ranked 70th. 71% more than Turkey	2.78 per 1,000 people Ranked 88th.
Duration of compulsory education	11 years Ranked 32nd. 22% more than Turkey	9 years Ranked 96th.
Secondary education, pupils	2.61 million Ranked 35th.	7.97 million Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Canada
College and university > Private school share	0.0 Ranked 64th.	5.16% Ranked 95th.
Girls to boys ratio > Primary level enrolment	1 Ranked 45th. 5% more than Turkey	0.95 Ranked 110th.
School life expectancy > Total	14.8 years Ranked 18th. 56% more than Turkey	9.5 years Ranked 82nd.
Primary education, teachers	141,045 Ranked 29th.	233,073 Ranked 13th. 65% more than Canada
Primary education, pupils	2.17 million Ranked 48th.	6.58 million Ranked 15th. 3 times more than Canada
Tertiary enrollment	60% Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Turkey	15% Ranked 16th.
Spending per student > College and university	44 Ranked 6th. 57% more than Turkey	28.09 Ranked 41st.
High school > Gender ratio	97.9 Ranked 89th. 11% more than Turkey	88.57 Ranked 94th.
Compulsary education starting age	6 Ranked 143th. The same as Turkey	6 Ranked 140th.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million	0.634 Ranked 49th. 76% more than Turkey	0.36 Ranked 42nd.
Literacy > Definition	age 15 and over can read and write	age 15 and over can read and write
High school > Upper secondary school duration	4 Ranked 49th. The same as Turkey	4 Ranked 47th.
Literacy > Male	99% Ranked 39th. 4% more than Turkey	95.3% Ranked 6th.
Spending > USD	66.53 billion Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Turkey	27.01 billion Ranked 21st.
Spending > Proportion	4.78 Ranked 57th. 30% more than Turkey	3.68 Ranked 99th.
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary	17.42 Ranked 123th.	30.38 Ranked 53th. 74% more than Canada
Child care (preschool) > Starting age	4 Ranked 63th. 33% more than Turkey	3 Ranked 193th.
Preschool enrollment rate	98.84 Ranked 107th.	99.3 Ranked 91st. About the same as Canada
Tertiary > Students studying abroad	45,693.45 Ranked 15th.	50,908.41 Ranked 10th. 11% more than Canada
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level	1.19 million Ranked 21st.	1.92 million Ranked 19th. 61% more than Canada
Teachers as percentage of labor force	3.5% Ranked 27th. 3% more than Turkey	3.4% Ranked 28th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall	524 Ranked 4th. 13% more than Turkey	464 Ranked 39th.
Elementary (primary school) > Duration	6 Ranked 154th. 20% more than Turkey	5 Ranked 184th.
Children out of school > Primary	12,419 Ranked 69th.	899,833 Ranked 10th. 72 times more than Canada
Secondary education, teachers per 1000	4.17 Ranked 13th. 15% more than Turkey	3.62 Ranked 39th.
Secondary education, teachers	126,098 Ranked 8th.	218,829 Ranked 10th. 74% more than Canada
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher	17.72 Ranked 70th.	23.09 Ranked 30th. 30% more than Canada
High school > Lower secondary school duration	2 Ranked 204th.	3 Ranked 178th. 50% more than Canada
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000	0.116 Ranked 99th.	1.42 Ranked 67th. 12 times more than Canada
Secondary education, general pupils	2.65 million Ranked 8th.	6.67 million Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Canada
High school > Gender parity index	0.979 Ranked 94th. 7% more than Turkey	0.919 Ranked 114th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills	524 Ranked 4th. 13% more than Turkey	464 Ranked 39th.
Scientific and technical journal articles	24,803 Ranked 7th. 4 times more than Turkey	6,224 Ranked 21st.
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve	517 Ranked 7th. 11% more than Turkey	467 Ranked 39th.
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female	41% Ranked 1st. The same as Turkey	41% Ranked 16th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion	2.53% Ranked 86th. 90% more than Turkey	1.33% Ranked 104th.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000	38.37 Ranked 27th. 30% more than Turkey	29.51 Ranked 51st.
Scouting > Genders admitted	both	both
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age	6 Ranked 179th. The same as Turkey	6 Ranked 167th.
International Baccalaureate schools	332 Ranked 2nd. 8 times more than Turkey	44 Ranked 14th.
Children out of school, primary, male	3,523 Ranked 78th.	103,778 Ranked 20th. 29 times more than Canada
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of GNI	5.4% Ranked 47th. 42% more than Turkey	3.8% Ranked 81st.
High school > Students per teacher	18.8 Ranked 21st.	21.76 Ranked 9th. 16% more than Canada
Secondary education > General pupils	2.61 million Ranked 29th.	4.01 million Ranked 20th. 54% more than Canada
Secondary school starting age > Years	12 Ranked 135th. 9% more than Turkey	11 Ranked 179th.
High school starting age > Years	12 Ranked 121st. The same as Turkey	12 Ranked 115th.
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita	4.54 per 1,000 people Ranked 86th. 15% more than Turkey	3.94 per 1,000 people Ranked 87th.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level	2.48 million Ranked 49th.	7.9 million Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Canada
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women	100% Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Turkey	26.7% Ranked 115th.
Elementary school graduate rate	97.66 Ranked 7th. 4% more than Turkey	94.23 Ranked 38th.
Schools connected to the Internet	97.7% Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Turkey	40% Ranked 27th.
Secondary education, pupils per 1000	76.53 Ranked 92nd.	109.03 Ranked 19th. 42% more than Canada
Primary education, pupils per 1000	63.53 Ranked 124th.	90.08 Ranked 87th. 42% more than Canada
Girls to boys ratio > Tertiary level enrolment	1.36 Ranked 36th. 84% more than Turkey	0.74 Ranked 72nd.
Girls to boys ratio > Secondary level enrolment	0.98 Ranked 109th. 20% more than Turkey	0.82 Ranked 116th.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita	38.37 per 1,000 people Ranked 27th. 39% more than Turkey	27.55 per 1,000 people Ranked 56th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people	1.33 Ranked 101st. 90% more than Turkey	0.697 Ranked 131st.
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years	6 Ranked 145th. 20% more than Turkey	5 Ranked 174th.
Teacher student ratio > High school	18.4 Ranked 47th.	23.32 Ranked 29th. 27% more than Canada
Children out of school > Primary per 1000	0.4 Ranked 108th.	13.46 Ranked 30th. 34 times more than Canada
Inequality adjusted index	0.879 Ranked 12th. 99% more than Turkey	0.442 Ranked 82nd.
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school	17.42 Ranked 116th.	27.75 Ranked 53th. 59% more than Canada
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5	96.5% Ranked 19th. 3% more than Turkey	94.1% Ranked 38th.
Elementary school > Enrolled students	2.31 million Ranked 46th.	6.76 million Ranked 16th. 3 times more than Canada
Primary education > Duration > Years	6 years Ranked 143th. The same as Turkey	6 years Ranked 135th.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$22,866.96 Ranked 13th. 5 times more than Turkey	$4,496.78 Ranked 20th.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade	98.03 Ranked 97th.	99.38 Ranked 75th. 1% more than Canada
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000	87.49 Ranked 7th.	91.31 Ranked 25th. 4% more than Canada
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret	522 Ranked 4th. 14% more than Turkey	459 Ranked 40th.
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share	6.12% Ranked 90th. 8 times more than Turkey	0.751% Ranked 88th.
High school > Lower secondary starting age	12 Ranked 138th. 9% more than Turkey	11 Ranked 186th.
Elementary school > Gender ratio	99.53 Ranked 43th. 2% more than Turkey	97.38 Ranked 83th.
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level	99% Ranked 27th. 11% more than Turkey	89% Ranked 95th.
Duration of education > Secondary level	6 Ranked 136th. The same as Turkey	6 Ranked 133th.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level	46.1 Ranked 34th.	72.1 Ranked 22nd. 56% more than Canada
Secondary education > Pupils	2.71 million Ranked 27th.	5.33 million Ranked 15th. 97% more than Canada
Primary education > Pupils	2.46 million Ranked 51st.	7.87 million Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Canada
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men	100% Ranked 3rd. 2 times more than Turkey	42.4% Ranked 108th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita	84.37 per 1,000 people Ranked 79th. 2% more than Turkey	82.47 per 1,000 people Ranked 89th.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Tertiary level	56.01% Ranked 40th. 33% more than Turkey	42.25% Ranked 100th.
Secondary education, vocational pupils	0.0 Ranked 81st.	1.84 million Ranked 5th.
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries	72.92% Ranked 50th.	83.36% Ranked 13th. 14% more than Canada
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher	17.42 Ranked 119th.	27.75 Ranked 47th. 59% more than Canada
Secondary education > Teachers	147,890 Ranked 24th.	159,401 Ranked 20th. 8% more than Canada
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary	17 years Ranked 1st. 55% more than Turkey	11 years Ranked 76th.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade	97.82 Ranked 9th. 4% more than Turkey	94.23 Ranked 32nd.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level	2.62 million Ranked 27th.	5.74 million Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Canada
Scientific and technical journal articles per million	783.02 Ranked 9th. 8 times more than Turkey	94.39 Ranked 37th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts	527 Ranked 4th. 14% more than Turkey	461 Ranked 39th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts	524 Ranked 4th. 12% more than Turkey	466 Ranked 39th.
Duration of education > Primary level	6 Ranked 131st. The same as Turkey	6 Ranked 126th.
Expected duration of education for all students	16.5 years Ranked 16th. 63% more than Turkey	10.1 years Ranked 30th.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary	12,763 Ranked 74th.	361,419 Ranked 18th. 28 times more than Canada
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education	98.66% Ranked 84th. 6% more than Turkey	92.87% Ranked 95th.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Primary level	48.87% Ranked 41st. 3% more than Turkey	47.46% Ranked 134th.
Children out of school > Primary > Per capita	0.4 per 1,000 people Ranked 107th.	12.65 per 1,000 people Ranked 32nd. 32 times more than Canada
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate	535 Ranked 4th. 13% more than Turkey	473 Ranked 32nd.
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Women	100% Ranked 16th. 15% more than Turkey	87% Ranked 98th.
High school > Upper secondary starting age	14 Ranked 200th. The same as Turkey	14 Ranked 199th.
Elementary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 154th. The same as Turkey	6 Ranked 146th.
Library books	7.27 million Ranked 1st. 5 times more than Turkey	1.55 million Ranked 27th.
Elementary school repeaters > All	0.0 Ranked 134th.	2.13 Ranked 72nd.
School life expectancy > Male	14.4 years Ranked 22nd. 38% more than Turkey	10.4 years Ranked 69th.
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita	83.09 per 1,000 people Ranked 53th. 47% more than Turkey	56.37 per 1,000 people Ranked 115th.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita	0.08 per capita Ranked 130th.	0.114 per capita Ranked 85th. 43% more than Canada
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000	79.86 Ranked 130th.	121.56 Ranked 78th. 52% more than Canada
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Men	99% Ranked 31st. 8% more than Turkey	92% Ranked 76th.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD	1.89% Ranked 13th. 3 times more than Turkey	0.59% Ranked 26th.
Library books per 1000	236.2 Ranked 1st. 9 times more than Turkey	24.94 Ranked 39th.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level	15 Ranked 19th.	27.7 Ranked 1st. 85% more than Canada
Primary education > Teachers	141,045 Ranked 31st.	225,852 Ranked 19th. 60% more than Canada
Secondary education > Vocational pupils	103,143 Ranked 52nd.	1.32 million Ranked 9th. 13 times more than Canada
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Secondary level	48.54% Ranked 96th. 15% more than Turkey	42.04% Ranked 142nd.
Private school enrolment > Primary level	6.5 Ranked 26th. 4 times more than Turkey	1.8 Ranked 73th.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years	6 Ranked 132nd. The same as Turkey	6 Ranked 125th.
Library employees	420 Ranked 1st. 2 times more than Turkey	208 Ranked 27th.
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000	86.38 Ranked 72nd. 8% more than Turkey	79.75 Ranked 74th.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000	4.54 Ranked 86th. 10% more than Turkey	4.11 Ranked 84th.
Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita	0.116 per 1,000 people Ranked 108th.	7.68 per 1,000 people Ranked 28th. 66 times more than Canada
Female enrolment share > Primary level	48.8% Ranked 5th. 4% more than Turkey	47% Ranked 119th.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$	$780.37 billion Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Turkey	$332.75 billion Ranked 8th.
Primary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 176th. The same as Turkey	6 Ranked 165th.
Scouting > Members	116,044 Ranked 13th. 3 times more than Turkey	40,579 Ranked 36th.
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level	97.9% Ranked 1st. 91% more than Turkey	51.3% Ranked 4th.
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils	2.63 million Ranked 26th.	5.53 million Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Canada
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment	99.57 Ranked 37th. 6% more than Turkey	94.07 Ranked 129th.
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000	4.76 Ranked 70th. 64% more than Turkey	2.9 Ranked 86th.
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000	83.09 Ranked 56th. 38% more than Turkey	59.99 Ranked 103th.
Children out of school > Primary > Male	8,805 Ranked 63th.	353,712 Ranked 14th. 40 times more than Canada
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index	0.998 Ranked 46th. 1% more than Turkey	0.988 Ranked 80th.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level	49.1% Ranked 12th. 31% more than Turkey	37.5% Ranked 121st.
Private school enrolment > Secondary level	6.7 Ranked 60th. 46% more than Turkey	4.6 Ranked 67th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000	84.37 Ranked 81st.	88.31 Ranked 79th. 5% more than Canada
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64	37.41% Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than Turkey	7.68% Ranked 29th.
Scouting > Members per thousand people	3.33 Ranked 42nd. 6 times more than Turkey	0.548 Ranked 116th.
School life expectancy > Female	15.3 years Ranked 16th. 80% more than Turkey	8.5 years Ranked 76th.
Elementary school repeaters > Male	0.0 Ranked 132nd.	2.07 Ranked 74th.
Elementary school repeaters > Female	0.0 Ranked 132nd.	2.19 Ranked 69th.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5 > Men	94.8% Ranked 15th.	95.3% Ranked 32nd. 1% more than Canada
Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita	0.283 per 1,000 people Ranked 97th.	4.97 per 1,000 people Ranked 44th. 18 times more than Canada
High school teachers	136,873 Ranked 23th.	218,829 Ranked 9th. 60% more than Canada
Elementary school teachers	141,045 Ranked 27th.	233,073 Ranked 14th. 65% more than Canada
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education	98% Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Turkey	42% Ranked 33th.
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education	37% Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Turkey	13% Ranked 26th.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils	3 million Ranked 29th.	5.08 million Ranked 15th. 69% more than Canada
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita	86.38 per 1,000 people Ranked 71st. 15% more than Turkey	74.92 per 1,000 people Ranked 91st.
Primary education > Pupils per 1000	78.47 Ranked 134th.	117.77 Ranked 80th. 50% more than Canada
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment	97.7 Ranked 101st. 31% more than Turkey	74.73 Ranked 136th.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level	18.8 Ranked 53th.	22.6 Ranked 37th. 20% more than Canada
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million	0.056% Ranked 19th. 7 times more than Turkey	0.00828% Ranked 29th.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females	59% Ranked 8th. 44% more than Turkey	41% Ranked 29th.
Library members	5,495 Ranked 2nd.	27,000 Ranked 21st. 5 times more than Canada
Library members per 1000	0.179 Ranked 2nd.	0.434 Ranked 38th. 2 times more than Canada
Library employees per million	13.65 Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Turkey	3.34 Ranked 45th.
Expected duration of education for males	16.2 years Ranked 16th. 40% more than Turkey	11.6 years Ranked 27th.
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education	36% Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Turkey	13% Ranked 21st.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree	59% Ranked 8th. 44% more than Turkey	41% Ranked 29th.
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education	93% Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Turkey	39% Ranked 33th.
Services, etc., value added > Current US$	$934.33 billion Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Turkey	$441.66 billion Ranked 8th.
Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU	1.05 trillion Ranked 42nd. 18 times more than Turkey	58.1 billion Ranked 63th.
Expenditure per student, tertiary > % of GDP per capita	44% Ranked 21st. 65% more than Turkey	26.74% Ranked 43th.
School enrollment > Secondary > % net	94.11% net Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Turkey	41.99% net Ranked 35th.
Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU per capita	30,777.65 Ranked 61st. 39 times more than Turkey	785.12 Ranked 98th.
Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment	31.1% Ranked 30th.	60% Ranked 3rd. 93% more than Canada
Persistence to grade 5 > Total > % of cohort	96.72% Ranked 20th. 2% more than Turkey	94.63% Ranked 27th.
Unemployment with primary education, female > % of female unemployment	23.3% Ranked 53th.	34.5% Ranked 28th. 48% more than Canada
Secondary education > Vocational pupils > Per capita	3.29 per 1,000 people Ranked 90th.	18.56 per 1,000 people Ranked 30th. 6 times more than Canada
High school teachers > % female	68.07% Ranked 22nd. 65% more than Turkey	41.31% Ranked 40th.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % gross	101.34% Ranked 20th. 24% more than Turkey	81.96% Ranked 72nd.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross	102.39% Ranked 17th. 18% more than Turkey	86.84% Ranked 62nd.
Elementary school graduate rate > Female	99.35 Ranked 5th. 5% more than Turkey	94.47 Ranked 34th.
Inputs > Secondary education > Teachers > Female	93,168 Ranked 18th. 3% more than Turkey	90,388 Ranked 11th.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Male	8,881 Ranked 65th.	147,329 Ranked 20th. 17 times more than Canada
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > Advanced research degree	39% Ranked 13th. 5% more than Turkey	37% Ranked 18th.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Female	3,882 Ranked 72nd.	214,090 Ranked 19th. 55 times more than Canada
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % net	94.64% Ranked 4th. 28% more than Turkey	73.94% Ranked 49th.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross	100.24% Ranked 27th. 30% more than Turkey	76.92% Ranked 80th.
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils > % female	48.17% Ranked 101st. 2% more than Turkey	47.3% Ranked 105th.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils > % female	48.17% Ranked 92nd. 4% more than Turkey	46.14% Ranked 103th.
Secondary education, teachers, female	89,558 Ranked 12th.	90,388 Ranked 9th. 1% more than Canada
School enrollment, secondary, male > % net	92.58% Ranked 6th. 6% more than Turkey	87.34% Ranked 30th.
School enrollment, secondary, female > % gross	101.09% Ranked 37th. 19% more than Turkey	84.99% Ranked 82nd.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net	94.41% Ranked 4th. 34% more than Turkey	70.27% Ranked 56th.
Proportion of 18 year olds in tertiary education	19% Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Turkey	9% Ranked 17th.
Services, etc., value added > % of GDP	66.06% Ranked 54th. 3% more than Turkey	63.88% Ranked 34th.
Primary education, teachers > % female	68.07% Ranked 72nd. 56% more than Turkey	43.57% Ranked 78th.
Tertiary education, teachers > % female	41.15% Ranked 23th. 1% more than Turkey	40.9% Ranked 47th.
Public spending on education, total > % of government expenditure	12.3% Ranked 66th.	14.74% Ranked 24th. 20% more than Canada
Unemployment with primary education, male > % of male unemployment	28.7% Ranked 56th.	59.6% Ranked 7th. 2 times more than Canada
Labor force with tertiary education, male > % of male labor force	41.6% Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than Turkey	16.3% Ranked 38th.
Unemployment with tertiary education, female > % of female unemployment	38.7% Ranked 14th. 55% more than Turkey	24.9% Ranked 34th.
Unemployment with tertiary education, male > % of male unemployment	28.1% Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Turkey	9.5% Ranked 65th.
Education spending > % of GDP	5.2% Ranked 54th. 41% more than Turkey	3.7% Ranked 92nd.
Public spending on education > Total > % of government expenditure	12.46% Ranked 57th.	13.6% Ranked 33th. 9% more than Canada
Repeaters, primary, male > % of male enrollment	0.0 Ranked 142nd.	2.18% Ranked 74th.
School enrollment > Primary > % gross	100.19% gross Ranked 111th. 7% more than Turkey	93.31% gross Ranked 141st.
Persistence to last grade of primary, female > % of cohort	98.87% Ranked 14th. 4% more than Turkey	95.43% Ranked 43th.
School enrollment, primary, male > % net	99.72% Ranked 6th. 3% more than Turkey	96.84% Ranked 26th.
Ratio of female to male enrollments in tertiary education	136.1 Ranked 34th. 88% more than Turkey	72.58 Ranked 93th.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > Second degree	52% Ranked 15th. 33% more than Turkey	39% Ranked 18th.
School enrollment, primary > % gross	98.65% Ranked 117th.	102.12% Ranked 82nd. 4% more than Canada
Secondary education > Pupils > % female	48.1% female Ranked 91st. 14% more than Turkey	42.03% female Ranked 124th.
Proportion of 17 year olds in secondary education	93% Ranked 4th. 5 times more than Turkey	20% Ranked 33th.

SOURCES: UNESCO; UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeschooling_international_status_and_statistics; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Development Indicators database; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics online database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute of Statistics; Wikipedia: List of countries by student performance (Reading); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; http://www.ibo.org/facts/schoolstats/progsbycountry.cfm; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009; World Bank national accounts data; "WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012". World Organization of the Scout Movement. August 2013.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members) ("WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012" . World Organization of the Scout Movement . Retrieved 2014-03-03 .). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; United Nations Human Development Programme

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