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Labor Stats: compare key data on France & Italy

Definitions

  • Agricultural workers > Male: Proportion of employed males engaged in the agricultural sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
  • Employment rate > Adults: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
  • Expense > Current LCU: Expense (current LCU). Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends.
  • GNI > Current US$: GNI (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Hours worked > Standard workweek: Standard workweek (hours).
  • Labor force: The total labor force figure
  • Labor force > By occupation: Component parts of the labor force by occupation.
  • Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture: This entry lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by occupation. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete.
  • Labor force > By occupation > Industry: This entry lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by occupation. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete.
  • Labor force > By occupation > Services: This entry lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by occupation. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete.
  • Labor force, total: Labor force, total. Total labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.
  • Rigidity of employment index: The rigidity of employment index measures the regulation of employment, specifically the hiring and firing of workers and the rigidity of working hours. This index is the average of three subindexes: a difficulty of hiring index, a rigidity of hours index, and a difficulty of firing index. The index ranges from 0 to 100, with higher values indicating more rigid regulations.
  • Salaries and benefits > Minimum wage: Minimum wage.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Trade union membership: Union members as % of all employees. Figures are for 2000.
  • Unemployment rate: The percent of the labor force that is without jobs. Substantial underemployment might be noted.
  • Strikes: Strikes five-year average in days not worked per 1000 employees (1996-2000)
  • Female doctors: Female doctors as % of the total - 2000.
  • Labor force per 1000: The total labor force figure. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • GNI > Current US$ per capita: GNI (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Male retirement age: Men.

    Denmark had range specified: 65-67

    Finland had range specified: 62-68

    Netherlands had range specified: 65-67

    Sweden had range specified: 61-67

    United States had range specified: 62-67

  • Female retirement age: Women.

    China had range specified: 50-55

    Czech Republic had range specified: 59-63

    Denmark had range specified: 65-67

    Finland had range specified: 62-68

    Greece had range specified: 60-67

    Netherlands had range specified: 65-67

    Sweden had range specified: 61-67

    United States had range specified: 62-67

  • Labor force, total per 1000: Labor force, total. Total labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Working mothers: Working proportion of mothers with children under 6 years old 2001
  • Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Both sexes: Percentage of unemployed people out of total population able to work. Workers not able to work due to labor disputes, sickness and childcare do not count towards the percentage. 
  • Firing cost > Weeks of wages: Firing cost is the cost of advance notice requirements, severance payments, and penalties due when terminating a redundant worker, expressed in weekly wages. One month is recorded as 4 1/3 weeks.
  • GNI per capita > Constant LCU: GNI per capita (constant LCU). GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant local currency.
  • Expense > Current LCU per capita: Expense (current LCU). Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Workplace deaths: Total number of deaths at workplace by country in 2003.
  • Employment rate > Women: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
  • Labor force > Total: Total labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organisation definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector."
  • Industrial workers > Male: Proportion of employed males engaged in the industrial sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
  • Employment rate > Men: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
  • Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men: Employment-to-population ratio, men, percentage.
  • Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Men: Percentage of unemployed men out of total male population able to work. Men not able to work due to labor disputes, sickness and childcare do not count towards the percentage.
  • Compensation of employees > Current LCU: Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees.
  • Unemployment > Long-term unemployment rate: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed."
  • Force > Total: Total labor force comprises people who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.
  • Force > Total > Per capita: Total labor force comprises people who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Agricultural workers > Female: Proportion of employed females engaged in the agricultural sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
  • Employment > Percent of population are employees > Women: Number of female self-reported employees (formal or informal), expressed as a percentage of the total female employed population.
  • Employment > Employment share by sector > Industry > Men > Aged above 14: Percent employed in industry.
  • Unemployment > Youth unemployment, both sexes: Percentage of population aged 15-24 that is unemployed. 
  • Unemployment > Regional unemployment > National unemployment rate: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks preceding the survey. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.

    The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of unemployed and employed persons.

    When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.

    The Gini index offers an accurate picture of regional disparities. It looks not only at the regions with the highest and the lowest rates of unemployment but also at the differences among all regions. The index ranges between 0 and 1: the higher its value, the larger the regional disparities. Regional disparities tend to be underestimated when the size of regions is large.

    The youth unemployment rate is defined as the ratio between the unemployed person aged between 15 and 24 and the labour force in the same age group.
  • GNI > Current LCU: GNI (current LCU). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current local currency.
  • Unemployment: Unemployed as proportion of the total labour force. Data for 2000-2002.
  • Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Women: Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week.

    Self-employed persons include employers, own-account workers, members of producers’ co-operatives, and unpaid family workers. The last of these are unpaid in the sense that they do not have a formal contract to receive a fixed amount of income at regular intervals, but they share in the income generated by the enterprise; unpaid family workers are particularly important in farming and retail trade. Note that all persons who work in corporate enterprises, including company directors, are considered to be employees.

    The rates shown here are the percentages of the self-employed in total civilian employment i.e., total employment less military employees.
  • Female economic activity: Female economic activity rate (aged 15 and above) in 2000.
  • Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Women: Percentage of unemployed women out of total female population able to work. Women not able to work due to labor disputes, sickness and childcare do not count towards the percentage.
  • Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women: Employment-to-population ratio, women, percentage.
  • Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Women: Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, women, percentage.
  • Labor force > Per capita: The total labor force figure Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 30-34: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Days off work: Number of days not worked for every 1000 salaried employees. Selected OECD countries only. Data for 2000.
  • Industrial workers > Female: Proportion of employed females engaged in the industrial sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
  • Work Time > More than 40 hours: Percentage of persons in employment working more than 40 hours/week. Data is for 2000.
  • Employment rate > Young adults: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
  • Workplace deaths per million: Total number of deaths at workplace by country in 2003. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Net income from abroad > Current US$: Net income from abroad (current US$). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Unemployment gender ratio: Female unemployment rate as a % of the male unemployment rate.
  • Part time employment rate > Men > Aged above 14: Percent of males over the age of 14 years who work less than 30 hours a week (either as employees or self-employed) as a percentage of all males in employment.
  • Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Paid > US$ per capita: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Employment > Employment rates by gender > Employment rates > Men: Employment rates are calculated as the ratio of the employed to the working age population. To calculate this employment rate, the population of working age is divided into two groups: those who are employed and those who are not. Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week. Those not in employment consist of persons who are out of work but seeking employment, students and all others who have excluded themselves from the labour force for one reason or another, such as incapacity or the need to look after young children or elderly relatives.

    Working age is generally defined as persons in the 15 to 64 age bracket although in some countries working age is defined as 16 to 64.
  • Rigidity of employment index > 0=less rigid to 100=more rigid: The rigidity of employment index measures the regulation of employment, specifically the hiring and firing of workers and the rigidity of working hours. This index is the average of three subindexes: a difficulty of hiring index, a rigidity of hours index, and a difficulty of firing index. The index ranges from 0 to 100, with higher values indicating more rigid regulations."
  • Employment > Percent of population are employees > Men: Number of male self-reported employees (formal or informal), expressed as a percentage of the total male employed population.
  • Employment > Employment share by sector > Agriculture > Men > Aged above 14: Percent employed in agriculture.
  • Service workers > Male: Proportion of employed males engaged in the service sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
  • Female economic activity growth: The % change in the female economic activity rate (aged 15 and above) from 1990 to 2000.
  • Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Men: Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, men, percentage.
  • Employment rate > Young men: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
  • Employment rate > Young women: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
  • Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Paid > US$ > Per capita: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Unemployment > Unemployment rates > Unemployment rates > Total: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.

    The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of the unemployed plus those in employment, which are defined as persons who have worked for one hour or more in the last week.

    When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.
  • Hours worked: Number of hours worked in 2003; average of all people in employment. Note that different nations use very different practices and definitions in this data field, so comparisons such as this table are tentative at best.
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 65 plus: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Total: Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week.

    Self-employed persons include employers, own-account workers, members of producers’ co-operatives, and unpaid family workers. The last of these are unpaid in the sense that they do not have a formal contract to receive a fixed amount of income at regular intervals, but they share in the income generated by the enterprise; unpaid family workers are particularly important in farming and retail trade. Note that all persons who work in corporate enterprises, including company directors, are considered to be employees.

    The rates shown here are the percentages of the self-employed in total civilian employment i.e., total employment less military employees.
  • GDP per person employed > Constant 1990 PPP $: GDP per person employed is gross domestic product (GDP) divided by total employment in the economy. Purchasing power parity (PPP) GDP is GDP converted to 1990 constant international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
  • GNI > Constant LCU: GNI (constant LCU). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant local currency.
  • GNI per capita > Constant 2000 US$: GNI per capita (constant 2000 US$). GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
  • GNI > Constant LCU per capita: GNI (constant LCU). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Service workers > Female: Proportion of employed females engaged in the service sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
  • Long term unemployment: Long term unemployment as a % of labour force, 2000. Long term implies 12 months or longer.
  • Part time employment rate > Women > Aged above 14: Percent of females over the age of 14 years who work less than 30 hours a week (either as employees or self-employed) as a percentage of all females in employment.
  • Employment > Percent of population are employers > Women: Number of female self-reported employers (self-employed with paid employees), expressed as a percentage of the total female employed population.
  • Employment > Employment share by sector > Agriculture > Women > Aged above 14: Percent employed in agriculture.
  • Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men aged above 14: Employment-to-population ratio.
  • Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women aged 15 to 24: Employment-to-population ratio.
  • Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women aged above 14: Employment-to-population ratio.
  • Unemployment > Youth unemployment, male: Percentage of male population aged 15-24 that is unemployed. 
  • Workplace death rate > Per 100,000 workers: Deaths at workplace per 100,000 workers in 2003.
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 45-49: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Paid > US$ > Per $ GDP: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
  • Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Paid > US$: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration.
  • Foreign labor force: Foreign labour force 2000
  • Unemployment > Long-term unemployment > Long-term unemployment: Long-term unemployment is conventionally defined either as those unemployed for 6 months or more or, as here, those unemployed for 12 months or more. The ratios calculated here show the proportion of these long-term unemployed among all unemployed.

    Unemployment is defined in most OECD countries in accordance with the ILO Guidelines. Unemployment is usually measured by household labour force surveys and the unemployed are defined as those persons who report that they have worked in gainful employment for less than one hour in the previous week, who are available for work and who have taken actions to seek employment in the previous four weeks. The ILO Guidelines specify the kinds of actions that count as seeking work.
  • Unemployment > Regional unemployment > National unemployment rate per million: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks preceding the survey. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.

    The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of unemployed and employed persons.

    When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.

    The Gini index offers an accurate picture of regional disparities. It looks not only at the regions with the highest and the lowest rates of unemployment but also at the differences among all regions. The index ranges between 0 and 1: the higher its value, the larger the regional disparities. Regional disparities tend to be underestimated when the size of regions is large.

    The youth unemployment rate is defined as the ratio between the unemployed person aged between 15 and 24 and the labour force in the same age group. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Total work time > Males: Total work time (minutes per day)
  • Employment > Employment share by sector > Industry > Women > Aged above 14: Percent employed in industry.
  • Employment > Percent of population are employers > Men: Number of male self-reported employers (self-employed with paid employees), expressed as a percentage of the total male employed population.
  • Employment > Employment share by sector > Services > Men > Aged above 14: Percent employed in services.
  • Working time to buy > A car: Hours worked by average worker to buy a car. Indicative of the purchasing power of the currency of the country.
  • Technicians in RandD > Per million people: Technicians in R&D and equivalent staff are people whose main tasks require technical knowledge and experience in engineering, physical and life sciences (technicians), or social sciences and humanities (equivalent staff). They participate in R&D by performing scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts and operational methods, normally under the supervision of researchers.
  • Work time > Market-oriented: Classification of market and non-market activities are not strictly based on the 1993 revised UN System of National Accounts, so comparisons between countries and areas must be made with caution.
  • Total work time > Females: Total work time (minutes per day)
  • Economic activity > Women aged 40-44: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Working time to buy > Milk: Number of minutes worked by average worker to buy 1 litre of milk.
  • Working time to buy > Chicken: Number of minutes worked by average worker to buy one kilo of chicken. The comparison of income levels only becomes meaningful if the cost of buying the necessities and luxuries of life is also considered.
  • Economic activity > Men aged 20-24: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Men aged 15-19: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 15-19: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Men aged 35-39: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Minimum Age Convention > 1973 > Ratifications > Minimum age: years
  • Total work time > Females over males: Female total work time as a % of male total work time
  • Unemployment and education > Tertiary: Unemployment rates among people of all ages who are educated to tertiary levels. Data is for 2000.
  • Employment rate of highly educated women: Employment rate of women aged 25-54, 2000, who are educated upto or more than tertiary level.
  • Researchers in labor force: Number of researchers per 10000 in the labour force (1999).
  • Work time > Non-market-oriented: Classification of market and non-market activities are not strictly based on the 1993 revised UN System of National Accounts, so comparisons between countries and areas must be made with caution.
  • Working time to buy > Fish: Number of minutes worked by average worker to buy one kilo of fish. The comparison of income levels only becomes meaningful if the cost of buying the necessities and luxuries of life is also considered.
  • Unemployment with tertiary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 20-24: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 25-29: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 60-64: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Net income from abroad > Current US$ per million: Net income from abroad (current US$). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Employment in industry > % of total employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Industry corresponds to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water)."
  • Personal remittances, received > % of GDP: Personal remittances, received (% of GDP). Personal remittances comprise personal transfers and compensation of employees. Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border, seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Data are the sum of two items defined in the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual: personal transfers and compensation of employees.
  • Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Gini index of regional unemployment rates > Small regions: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks preceding the survey. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.

    The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of unemployed and employed persons.

    When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.

    The Gini index offers an accurate picture of regional disparities. It looks not only at the regions with the highest and the lowest rates of unemployment but also at the differences among all regions. The index ranges between 0 and 1: the higher its value, the larger the regional disparities. Regional disparities tend to be underestimated when the size of regions is large.

    The youth unemployment rate is defined as the ratio between the unemployed person aged between 15 and 24 and the labour force in the same age group.
  • Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ > Per capita: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Unemployment > Unemployment > Total > % of total labor force: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Labor force > Female > % of total labor force: Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organisation's definition of the economically active population.
  • Share of women employed in the nonagricultural sector > % of total nonagricultural employment: Share of women employed in the nonagricultural sector is the share of female workers in the nonagricultural sector (industry and services), expressed as a percentage of total employment in the nonagricultural sector. Industry includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, electricity, gas, and water, corresponding to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3). Services include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services-corresponding to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3)."
  • Economic activity > Men aged 30-34: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Employment > Employment share by sector > Services > Women > Aged above 14: Percent employed in services.
  • Unemployment > Youth unemployment, female: Percentage of female population aged 15-24 that is unemployed.
  • Employment > Underemployment > Working less than 20 hours per week > Women > Aged above 14: Percentage of females above the age of 14 in employment, who work less than 20 hours/week.
  • Employment > Underemployment > Working less than 20 hours per week > Men > Aged above 14: Percentage of males above the age of 14 in employment, who work less than 20 hours/week.
  • GNI > Current US$, % of GDP: GNI (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
  • Expense > % of GDP: Expense (% of GDP). Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends.
  • Economic activity > Men aged 40-44: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ > Per $ GDP: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
  • Unemployment > Unemployment rates > Unemployment rates > Total per million: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.

    The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of the unemployed plus those in employment, which are defined as persons who have worked for one hour or more in the last week.

    When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Economic activity > Men aged 45-49: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Men aged 50-54: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male > %: Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male (%). Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
  • Employment to population ratio, 15+, female > %: Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%). Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
  • One-person and family businesses > Men > Percentage: Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, men, percentage.
  • Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ per capita: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Economic activity > Women aged 45-49: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Force with tertiary education > % of total: Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Employers, female > % of employment: Employers, female (% of employment). Employers refers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
  • Employers, total > % of employment: Employers, total (% of employment). Employers refers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
  • Self-employed, female > % of females employed: Self-employed, female (% of females employed). Self employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" (i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced). Self employed workers include three subcategories: employers, own-account workers, and members of producers' cooperatives.
  • Self-employed, male > % of males employed: Self-employed, male (% of males employed). Self employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" (i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced). Self employed workers include three subcategories: employers, own-account workers, and members of producers' cooperatives.
  • Self-employed, total > % of total employed: Self-employed, total (% of total employed). Self employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" (i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced). Self employed workers include three subcategories: employers, own-account workers, and members of producers' cooperatives.
  • Employment to population ratio, 15+, male > %: Employment to population ratio, 15+, male (%). Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
  • Vulnerable employment, total > % of total employment: Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment). Vulnerable employment is unpaid family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
  • Force participation rate > Male > % of male population ages 15-64: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
  • Wage and salaried workers, total > % of total employed: Wage and salaried workers, total (% of total employed). Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.
  • Employees, industry, female > % of female employment: Employees, industry, female (% of female employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Industry corresponds to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water).
  • Employees, industry, male > % of male employment: Employees, industry, male (% of male employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Industry corresponds to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water).
  • Unemployment, youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24: Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24). Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Unemployment, youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24: Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24). Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Long-term unemployment, female > % of female unemployment: Long-term unemployment, female (% of female unemployment). Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.
  • Force with primary education > % of total: Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Force > Total per 1000: Total labor force comprises people who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Employees > Services > Female > % of female employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services."
  • Labor force with primary education > % of total: Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
  • Labor force with secondary education > % of total: Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
  • Labor force with primary education > Male > % of male labor force: Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
  • Labor force with secondary education > Female > % of female labor force: Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
  • Labor force with tertiary education > % of total: Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
  • Steel industry jobs: Employment in the steel industry. Figures in thousand jobs.
  • Unemployment benefit as % of GDP: Expenditure on unemployment benefits as % of GDP (Year 1998).
  • Temporary employment share: Temporary employment, expressed as a percentage share of total dependent employment. Data for 2000
  • Net income from abroad > Constant LCU: Net income from abroad (constant LCU). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in constant local currency.
  • Part time employment, male > % of total male employment: Part time employment, male (% of total male employment). Part time employment refers to regular employment in which working time is substantially less than normal. Definitions of part time employment differ by country.
  • Part time employment, total > % of total employment: Part time employment, total (% of total employment). Part time employment refers to regular employment in which working time is substantially less than normal. Definitions of part time employment differ by country.
  • Working time to buy > A television set: Hours worked by average worker to buy a television set. Indicative of the purchasing power of the currency of the country.
  • Economic activity > Men aged 65 plus: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Unemployment > Youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Economic activity > Men aged 25-29: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 35-39: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Women aged 60-64: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Women aged 35-39: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Unemployment > Youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Force > Female > % of total labor force: Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises all people who meet the International Labour Organization's definition of the economically active population.
  • Contributing family workers, female > % of females employed: Contributing family workers, female (% of females employed). Contributing family workers are those workers who hold u2018self-employment jobsu2019 as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
  • Contributing family workers, male > % of males employed: Contributing family workers, male (% of males employed). Contributing family workers are those workers who hold "self-employment jobs" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
  • Contributing family workers, total > % of total employed: Contributing family workers, total (% of total employed). Contributing family workers are those workers who hold "self-employment jobs" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
  • Employees, services, female > % of female employment: Employees, services, female (% of female employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services.
  • Employees, services, male > % of male employment: Employees, services, male (% of male employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services.
  • Part time employment, female > % of total part time employment: Part time employment, female (% of total part time employment). Part time employment refers to regular employment in which working time is substantially less than normal. Definitions of part time employment differ by country.
  • Unemployment, male > % of male labor force: Unemployment, male (% of male labor force). Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Unemployment, total > % of total labor force: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force). Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Labor force with secondary education > Male > % of male labor force: Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
  • Labor force with primary education > Female > % of female labor force: Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
  • Employees > Agriculture > Male > % of male employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing."
  • Employees > Agriculture > Female > % of female employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing."
  • Employment in agriculture > % of total employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing."
  • Employment in services > % of total employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services."
  • Labor participation rate > Total > % of total population ages 15+: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
  • Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
  • Unemployment > Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
  • Unemployment > Unemployment with secondary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
  • Unemployment > Long-term unemployment rate > Female: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed."
  • Unemployment > Unemployment with primary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
  • Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
  • Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Workers' remittances are current transfers by migrants who are employed or intend to remain employed for more than a year in another economy in which they are considered residents. Some developing countries classify workers' remittances as a factor income receipt (and thus as a component of GNI). The World Bank adheres to international guidelines in defining GNI, and its classification of workers' remittances may therefore differ from national practices. This item shows receipts by the reporting country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Working time to buy > Beef: Number of minutes worked by average worker to buy one kilo of beef. The comparison of income levels only becomes meaningful if the cost of buying the necessities and luxuries of life is also considered.
  • Working time to buy > Bread: Number of minutes worked by average worker to buy bread.
  • Net income from abroad > Current US$, % of GDP: Net income from abroad (current US$). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
  • Net income from abroad > Constant LCU per million: Net income from abroad (constant LCU). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in constant local currency. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men aged 15 to 24: Employment-to-population ratio.
  • GNI growth > Annual %: GNI growth (annual %). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.
  • GNI per capita > Current LCU: GNI per capita (current LCU). GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current local currency.
  • Unemployment, youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24: Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24). Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Long-term unemployment, male > % of male unemployment: Long-term unemployment, male (% of male unemployment). Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.
  • Unemployment, female > % of female labor force: Unemployment, female (% of female labor force). Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Working time to buy > A refrigerator: Hours worked by average worker to buy a refrigerator. Indicative of the purchasing power of the currency of the country.
  • Unemployment > Male > % of male labor force: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Force with secondary education > % of total: Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Long-term unemployment > Male > % of male unemployment: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.
  • Unemployment > Total > % of total labor force: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Compensation of employees > % of expense: Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees.
  • Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Range in regional unemployment rate > Small regions > Maximum: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks preceding the survey. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.

    The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of unemployed and employed persons.

    When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.

    The Gini index offers an accurate picture of regional disparities. It looks not only at the regions with the highest and the lowest rates of unemployment but also at the differences among all regions. The index ranges between 0 and 1: the higher its value, the larger the regional disparities. Regional disparities tend to be underestimated when the size of regions is large.

    The youth unemployment rate is defined as the ratio between the unemployed person aged between 15 and 24 and the labour force in the same age group.
  • Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Range in regional unemployment rate > Small regions > Minimum: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks preceding the survey. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.

    The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of unemployed and employed persons.

    When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.

    The Gini index offers an accurate picture of regional disparities. It looks not only at the regions with the highest and the lowest rates of unemployment but also at the differences among all regions. The index ranges between 0 and 1: the higher its value, the larger the regional disparities. Regional disparities tend to be underestimated when the size of regions is large.

    The youth unemployment rate is defined as the ratio between the unemployed person aged between 15 and 24 and the labour force in the same age group.
  • Employment > Employment rates by gender > Employment rates > Men per million: Employment rates are calculated as the ratio of the employed to the working age population. To calculate this employment rate, the population of working age is divided into two groups: those who are employed and those who are not. Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week. Those not in employment consist of persons who are out of work but seeking employment, students and all others who have excluded themselves from the labour force for one reason or another, such as incapacity or the need to look after young children or elderly relatives.

    Working age is generally defined as persons in the 15 to 64 age bracket although in some countries working age is defined as 16 to 64. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Employment > Part-time employment > Incidence of part-time employment per million: Part-time employment refers to persons who usually work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Both employees and the self-employed may be part-time workers.

    Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week. The rates shown here refer to the numbers of persons who usually work less than 30 hours per week as a percentage of the total number of those in employment. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Employees > Industry > Female > % of female employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Industry corresponds to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water)."
  • Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Total per million: Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week.

    Self-employed persons include employers, own-account workers, members of producers’ co-operatives, and unpaid family workers. The last of these are unpaid in the sense that they do not have a formal contract to receive a fixed amount of income at regular intervals, but they share in the income generated by the enterprise; unpaid family workers are particularly important in farming and retail trade. Note that all persons who work in corporate enterprises, including company directors, are considered to be employees.

    The rates shown here are the percentages of the self-employed in total civilian employment i.e., total employment less military employees. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Women per million: Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week.

    Self-employed persons include employers, own-account workers, members of producers’ co-operatives, and unpaid family workers. The last of these are unpaid in the sense that they do not have a formal contract to receive a fixed amount of income at regular intervals, but they share in the income generated by the enterprise; unpaid family workers are particularly important in farming and retail trade. Note that all persons who work in corporate enterprises, including company directors, are considered to be employees.

    The rates shown here are the percentages of the self-employed in total civilian employment i.e., total employment less military employees. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Economic activity > Women aged 20-24: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Women aged 65 plus: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Unemployment with tertiary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Seafarers' Pensions Convention > Ratification Date: Seafarers' Pensions Convention, 1946
  • Economic activity > Women aged 30-34: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Net income from abroad > Current LCU: Net income from abroad (current LCU). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current local currency.
  • Temporary employment share per million: Temporary employment, expressed as a percentage share of total dependent employment. Data for 2000. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Unemployment > Long-term unemployment > Long-term unemployment per million: Long-term unemployment is conventionally defined either as those unemployed for 6 months or more or, as here, those unemployed for 12 months or more. The ratios calculated here show the proportion of these long-term unemployed among all unemployed.

    Unemployment is defined in most OECD countries in accordance with the ILO Guidelines. Unemployment is usually measured by household labour force surveys and the unemployed are defined as those persons who report that they have worked in gainful employment for less than one hour in the previous week, who are available for work and who have taken actions to seek employment in the previous four weeks. The ILO Guidelines specify the kinds of actions that count as seeking work. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Employment rate of lesser educated women: Employment rate of women aged 25-54, 2000, who are educated lesser than upper secondary level.
  • Unemployment > Female > % of female labor force: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Long-term unemployment > Female > % of female unemployment: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.
  • Unemployment and education > Upper secondary: Unemployment rates among people of all ages who are educated upto Upper Secondary levels. Data is for 2000.
  • Long-term unemployment > % of total unemployment: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.
  • Unemployment with secondary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Force participation rate > Female > % of female population ages 15-64: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
  • Unemployment > Youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 40-44: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Women aged 50-54: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Women aged 55-59: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Unemployment with secondary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Net income from abroad > Current LCU per million: Net income from abroad (current LCU). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Long term unemployment > Share: Percentage share of unemployment that lasts longer than 12 months. Data for 2001.
  • Employers, male > % of employment: Employers, male (% of employment). Employers refers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
  • One-person and family businesses > Women: Percentage of employed women who are self-employed without employees or contribute to a family-run business.
  • Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$: Workers' remittances are current transfers by migrants who are employed or intend to remain employed for more than a year in another economy in which they are considered residents. Some developing countries classify workers' remittances as a factor income receipt (and thus as a component of GNI). The World Bank adheres to international guidelines in defining GNI, and its classification of workers' remittances may therefore differ from national practices. This item shows receipts by the reporting country. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration.
  • Steel industry jobs per million: Employment in the steel industry. Figures in thousand jobs. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Economic activity > Women aged 15-19: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Employment > Part-time employment > Incidence of part-time employment: Part-time employment refers to persons who usually work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Both employees and the self-employed may be part-time workers.

    Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week. The rates shown here refer to the numbers of persons who usually work less than 30 hours per week as a percentage of the total number of those in employment.
  • One-person businesses > Men > Aged above 14: Percentage of employed men older than 14 years who are self-employed without employees.
  • One-person and family businesses > Men: Percentage of employed men who are self-employed without employees or contribute to a family-run business.
  • Unemployment > Unemployed youths per unemployed adult > Women > Aged 15 to 24: Ratio of youth unemployment rate to adult unemployment rate.
  • Unemployment > Unemployed youths per unemployed adult > Men > Aged 15 to 24: Ratio of youth unemployment rate to adult unemployment rate.
  • Employment > Working more than 40 hours per week > Women > Aged above 14: Percentage of females above the age of 14 in employment, who work more than 40 hours per week.
  • Part time > Part time employment rate > Women: Percentage of country's females over the age of 15 that are employed only part-time.
  • Part time > Part time employment rate > Men: Percentage of country's males over the age of 15 that are employed only part-time.
  • GNI > Current LCU per capita: GNI (current LCU). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Subsidies and other transfers > % of expense: Subsidies and other transfers (% of expense). Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organizations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind.
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 50-54: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Men aged 55-59: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Men aged 60-64: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Women aged 25-29: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita: Workers' remittances are current transfers by migrants who are employed or intend to remain employed for more than a year in another economy in which they are considered residents. Some developing countries classify workers' remittances as a factor income receipt (and thus as a component of GNI). The World Bank adheres to international guidelines in defining GNI, and its classification of workers' remittances may therefore differ from national practices. This item shows receipts by the reporting country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Workers' remittances are current transfers by migrants who are employed or intend to remain employed for more than a year in another economy in which they are considered residents. Some developing countries classify workers' remittances as a factor income receipt (and thus as a component of GNI). The World Bank adheres to international guidelines in defining GNI, and its classification of workers' remittances may therefore differ from national practices. This item shows receipts by the reporting country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 million $ gross domestic product.
  • Employees, agriculture, female > % of female employment: Employees, agriculture, female (% of female employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing.
  • Employment > Working more than 40 hours per week > Men > Aged above 14: Percentage of males above the age of 14 in employment, who work more than 40 hours per week.
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 55-59: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Force participation rate > Total > % of total population ages 15-64: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
  • Employees, agriculture, male > % of male employment: Employees, agriculture, male (% of male employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing.
  • Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total > %: Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%). Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
  • Employment to population ratio, 15+, total > %: Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%). Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
  • Vulnerable employment, female > % of female employment: Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment). Vulnerable employment is unpaid family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
  • Vulnerable employment, male > % of male employment: Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment). Vulnerable employment is unpaid family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
  • Wage and salaried workers, female > % of females employed: Wage and salaried workers, female (% of females employed). Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.
  • Wage and salary workers, male > % of males employed: Wage and salary workers, male (% of males employed). Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.
STAT France Italy HISTORY
Agricultural workers > Male 2%
Ranked 74th.
6%
Ranked 57th. 3 times more than France
Employment rate > Adults 47.9
Ranked 139th. 10% more than Italy
43.6
Ranked 156th.

Expense > Current LCU 956.83 billion
Ranked 30th. 46% more than Italy
655.8 billion
Ranked 38th.

GNI > Current US$ $2.66 trillion
Ranked 6th. 33% more than Italy
$2.00 trillion
Ranked 9th.

Hours worked > Standard workweek 35 hours
Ranked 183th.
40 hours
Ranked 141st. 14% more than France
Labor force 28.21 million
Ranked 19th. 13% more than Italy
25.05 million
Ranked 22nd.

Labor force > By occupation agriculture 4.1%, industry 24.4%, services 71.5% agriculture 5%, industry 32%, services 63%
Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture 3.8%
Ranked 36th.
4.2%
Ranked 35th. 11% more than France

Labor force > By occupation > Industry 24.3%
Ranked 15th.
30.7%
Ranked 6th. 26% more than France

Labor force > By occupation > Services 71.8%
Ranked 11th. 10% more than Italy
65.1%
Ranked 20th.

Labor force, total 30.13 million
Ranked 20th. 17% more than Italy
25.66 million
Ranked 26th.

Rigidity of employment index 56
Ranked 31st. 4% more than Italy
54
Ranked 36th.

Salaries and benefits > Minimum wage url= http://vosdroits.service-public.fr/particuliers/F2300.xhtml |title=Salaire minimum de croissance (Smic) - Service-public.fr |publisher=Vosdroits.service-public.fr |date=1970-01-01 |accessdate=2014-03-04}}</ref> None; instead set through collective bargaining agreements on a sector-by-sector basis.
Trade union membership 9%
Ranked 18th.
35%
Ranked 8th. 4 times more than France
Unemployment rate 9.5%
Ranked 33th. 13% more than Italy
8.4%
Ranked 38th.

Strikes 67
Ranked 10th.
76
Ranked 9th. 13% more than France
Female doctors 34.6%
Ranked 7th. 15% more than Italy
30.2%
Ranked 12th.
Labor force per 1000 433.79
Ranked 72nd. 5% more than Italy
414.16
Ranked 77th.

GNI > Current US$ per capita $40,454.41
Ranked 17th. 23% more than Italy
$32,855.96
Ranked 22nd.

Male retirement age 62
Ranked 23th.
66
Ranked 1st. 6% more than France
Female retirement age 62
Ranked 10th.
66
Ranked 1st. 6% more than France
Labor force, total per 1000 458.57
Ranked 94th. 9% more than Italy
421.19
Ranked 124th.

Working mothers 59%
Ranked 9th. 26% more than Italy
47%
Ranked 16th.
Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Both sexes 51.3%
Ranked 53th. 16% more than Italy
44.3%
Ranked 66th.

Firing cost > Weeks of wages 31.8 weeks of wages
Ranked 98th. 19 times more than Italy
1.7 weeks of wages
Ranked 163th.

GNI per capita > Constant LCU 28,002.02
Ranked 62nd. 24% more than Italy
22,655.71
Ranked 68th.

Expense > Current LCU per capita 14,636.83
Ranked 53th. 36% more than Italy
10,799.84
Ranked 63th.

Workplace deaths 318
Ranked 5th.
427
Ranked 3rd. 34% more than France
Employment rate > Women 42.2
Ranked 111th. 26% more than Italy
33.4
Ranked 144th.

Labor force > Total 28.61 million
Ranked 19th. 13% more than Italy
25.21 million
Ranked 22nd.

Industrial workers > Male 35%
Ranked 25th.
39%
Ranked 13th. 11% more than France
Employment rate > Men 54.4
Ranked 151st.
54.9
Ranked 148th. 1% more than France

Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men 56.4%
Ranked 55th. 3% more than Italy
54.6%
Ranked 61st.

Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Men 56.4%
Ranked 55th. 3% more than Italy
54.6%
Ranked 61st.

Compensation of employees > Current LCU 174170000000 91596000000
Unemployment > Long-term unemployment rate 37.9
Ranked 15th.
47.5
Ranked 10th. 25% more than France

Force > Total 27.1 million
Ranked 20th. 11% more than Italy
24.44 million
Ranked 22nd.

Force > Total > Per capita 0.445 per capita
Ranked 89th. 7% more than Italy
0.417 per capita
Ranked 121st.

Agricultural workers > Female 1%
Ranked 70th.
4%
Ranked 47th. 4 times more than France
Employment > Percent of population are employees > Women 92.5%
Ranked 11th. 55% more than Italy
59.6%
Ranked 55th.

Employment > Employment share by sector > Industry > Men > Aged above 14 34.6%
Ranked 25th.
39.1%
Ranked 12th. 13% more than France

Unemployment > Youth unemployment, both sexes 22.1%
Ranked 29th.
29.1%
Ranked 20th. 32% more than France

Unemployment > Regional unemployment > National unemployment rate 9.14%
Ranked 5th. 33% more than Italy
6.85%
Ranked 14th.
GNI > Current LCU 2.07 trillion
Ranked 66th. 33% more than Italy
1.56 trillion
Ranked 72nd.

Unemployment 9.3%
Ranked 3rd.
10.3%
Ranked 1st. 11% more than France
Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Women 6.31%
Ranked 25th.
20%
Ranked 8th. 3 times more than France
Female economic activity 48.5%
Ranked 92nd. 27% more than Italy
38.3%
Ranked 124th.
Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Women 46.6%
Ranked 41st. 34% more than Italy
34.8%
Ranked 63th.

Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women 46.6%
Ranked 41st. 34% more than Italy
34.8%
Ranked 63th.

Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Women 5.5%
Ranked 39th.
14.6%
Ranked 18th. 3 times more than France

Labor force > Per capita 454.64 per 1,000 people
Ranked 62nd. 10% more than Italy
413.19 per 1,000 people
Ranked 41st.

Economic activity > Both sexes aged 30-34 89.52%
Ranked 48th. 7% more than Italy
83.63%
Ranked 86th.
Days off work 117 days
Ranked 7th. 98% more than Italy
59 days
Ranked 10th.
Industrial workers > Female 13%
Ranked 43th.
21%
Ranked 21st. 62% more than France
Work Time > More than 40 hours 21.4%
Ranked 16th.
63.8%
Ranked 5th. 3 times more than France
Employment rate > Young adults 29.3
Ranked 130th. 19% more than Italy
24.7
Ranked 147th.

Workplace deaths per million 5.11
Ranked 9th.
7.41
Ranked 6th. 45% more than France
Net income from abroad > Current US$ $44.84 billion
Ranked 4th.
$-13,150,824,440.73
Ranked 146th.

Unemployment gender ratio 140%
Ranked 10th.
180%
Ranked 3rd. 29% more than France
Part time employment rate > Men > Aged above 14 5.3%
Ranked 19th. The same as Italy
5.3%
Ranked 20th.

Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Paid > US$ per capita 77.04$
Ranked 35th.
99.22$
Ranked 32nd. 29% more than France

Employment > Employment rates by gender > Employment rates > Men 68.63%
Ranked 25th.
70.7%
Ranked 24th. 3% more than France
Rigidity of employment index > 0=less rigid to 100=more rigid 52
Ranked 20th. 37% more than Italy
38
Ranked 55th.

Employment > Percent of population are employees > Men 86.2%
Ranked 7th. 65% more than Italy
52.1%
Ranked 57th.

Employment > Employment share by sector > Agriculture > Men > Aged above 14 5%
Ranked 49th. 4% more than Italy
4.8%
Ranked 51st.

Service workers > Male 63%
Ranked 9th. 15% more than Italy
55%
Ranked 32nd.
Female economic activity growth 6%
Ranked 61st. The same as Italy
6%
Ranked 58th.
Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Men 8.7%
Ranked 43th.
20.9%
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than France

Employment rate > Young men 32.2
Ranked 137th. 11% more than Italy
29
Ranked 149th.

Employment rate > Young women 26.2
Ranked 113th. 30% more than Italy
20.2
Ranked 137th.

Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Paid > US$ > Per capita 79,953.35$ per 1,000 people
Ranked 35th.
99,220.15$ per 1,000 people
Ranked 33th. 24% more than France

Unemployment > Unemployment rates > Unemployment rates > Total 8.3%
Ranked 5th. 34% more than Italy
6.2%
Ranked 12th.
Hours worked 1,453 hours
Ranked 8th.
1,591 hours
Ranked 6th. 9% more than France
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 65 plus 1.52%
Ranked 160th.
3.76%
Ranked 155th. 2 times more than France
Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Total 8.95%
Ranked 26th.
26.36%
Ranked 5th. 3 times more than France
GDP per person employed > Constant 1990 PPP $ $55,052.39
Ranked 4th. 20% more than Italy
$45,932.00
Ranked 16th.

GNI > Constant LCU 1.84 trillion
Ranked 38th. 33% more than Italy
1.38 trillion
Ranked 46th.

GNI per capita > Constant 2000 US$ $34,823.18
Ranked 18th. 24% more than Italy
$28,174.54
Ranked 22nd.

GNI > Constant LCU per capita 28,002.02
Ranked 62nd. 24% more than Italy
22,655.71
Ranked 68th.

Service workers > Female 86%
Ranked 9th. 16% more than Italy
74%
Ranked 42nd.
Long term unemployment 3.8%
Ranked 10th.
6.5%
Ranked 2nd. 71% more than France
Part time employment rate > Women > Aged above 14 23.3%
Ranked 16th.
29.2%
Ranked 13th. 25% more than France

Employment > Percent of population are employers > Women 2%
Ranked 40th.
3%
Ranked 20th. 50% more than France

Employment > Employment share by sector > Agriculture > Women > Aged above 14 2.4%
Ranked 50th.
3.3%
Ranked 40th. 38% more than France

Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men aged above 14 55.6%
Ranked 159th.
57.5%
Ranked 154th. 3% more than France

Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women aged 15 to 24 19.5%
Ranked 150th.
21.4%
Ranked 142nd. 10% more than France

Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women aged above 14 43.2%
Ranked 112th. 25% more than Italy
34.5%
Ranked 139th.

Unemployment > Youth unemployment, male 21.2%
Ranked 29th.
27.1%
Ranked 20th. 28% more than France

Workplace death rate > Per 100,000 workers 2.9 2.8
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 45-49 85.4%
Ranked 63th. 17% more than Italy
72.9%
Ranked 118th.
Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Paid > US$ > Per $ GDP 2.29$ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 90th.
3.3$ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 83th. 44% more than France

Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Paid > US$ 4.87 billion$
Ranked 11th.
5.82 billion$
Ranked 8th. 19% more than France

Foreign labor force 6%
Ranked 9th. 67% more than Italy
3.6%
Ranked 14th.
Unemployment > Long-term unemployment > Long-term unemployment 40.36%
Ranked 12th.
49.91%
Ranked 6th. 24% more than France
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > National unemployment rate per million 0.141%
Ranked 22nd. 24% more than Italy
0.114%
Ranked 25th.
Total work time > Males 363 minutes
Ranked 25th.
367 minutes
Ranked 23th. 1% more than France
Employment > Employment share by sector > Industry > Women > Aged above 14 12.2%
Ranked 43th.
17.5%
Ranked 21st. 43% more than France

Employment > Percent of population are employers > Men 6.2%
Ranked 33th.
7%
Ranked 23th. 13% more than France

Employment > Employment share by sector > Services > Men > Aged above 14 60%
Ranked 22nd. 7% more than Italy
56%
Ranked 30th.

Working time to buy > A car 1,600 hours
Ranked 4th. 62% more than Italy
989 hours
Ranked 13th.
Technicians in RandD > Per million people 2,878.3 per million people
Ranked 1st. 2 times more than Italy
1,346.71 per million people
Ranked 7th.

Work time > Market-oriented 46%
Ranked 24th. 2% more than Italy
45%
Ranked 28th.
Total work time > Females 391 minutes
Ranked 26th.
470 minutes
Ranked 8th. 20% more than France
Economic activity > Women aged 40-44 82.31%
Ranked 51st. 38% more than Italy
59.65%
Ranked 107th.
Working time to buy > Milk 6 minutes
Ranked 4th.
9 minutes
Ranked 1st. 50% more than France
Working time to buy > Chicken 32 minutes
Ranked 4th.
33 minutes
Ranked 3rd. 3% more than France
Economic activity > Men aged 20-24 62.2%
Ranked 166th.
73.56%
Ranked 159th. 18% more than France
Economic activity > Men aged 15-19 12.15%
Ranked 162nd.
28.54%
Ranked 129th. 2 times more than France
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 15-19 9.45%
Ranked 167th.
25.91%
Ranked 127th. 3 times more than France
Economic activity > Men aged 35-39 97.01%
Ranked 117th.
97.65%
Ranked 79th. 1% more than France
Minimum Age Convention > 1973 > Ratifications > Minimum age 16
Ranked 35th. 7% more than Italy
15
Ranked 72nd.
Total work time > Females over males 108%
Ranked 16th.
128%
Ranked 2nd. 19% more than France
Unemployment and education > Tertiary 5.1%
Ranked 2nd.
5.9%
Ranked 1st. 16% more than France
Employment rate of highly educated women 83.1%
Ranked 11th. 6% more than Italy
78.7%
Ranked 16th.
Researchers in labor force 61 per 10000 people
Ranked 7th. 85% more than Italy
33 per 10000 people
Ranked 18th.
Work time > Non-market-oriented 54%
Ranked 3rd.
55%
Ranked 2nd. 2% more than France
Working time to buy > Fish 73 minutes
Ranked 4th. 11% more than Italy
66 minutes
Ranked 5th.
Unemployment with tertiary education > Female > % of female unemployment 17.7%
Ranked 17th. 2 times more than Italy
8.8%
Ranked 56th.

Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > Male > % of male unemployment 19%
Ranked 24th. 2 times more than Italy
8.3%
Ranked 51st.

Economic activity > Both sexes aged 20-24 58.85%
Ranked 162nd.
69.6%
Ranked 111th. 18% more than France
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 25-29 88.83%
Ranked 36th. 9% more than Italy
81.59%
Ranked 87th.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 60-64 16.08%
Ranked 158th.
20.01%
Ranked 151st. 24% more than France
Net income from abroad > Current US$ per million $682.56 million
Ranked 13th.
$-215,877,559.84
Ranked 117th.

Employment in industry > % of total employment 23.1%
Ranked 20th.
29.7%
Ranked 8th. 29% more than France

Personal remittances, received > % of GDP 0.83%
Ranked 89th. 2 times more than Italy
0.364%
Ranked 105th.

Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Gini index of regional unemployment rates > Small regions 0.131 Year 2006
Ranked 23th.
0.317 Year 2006
Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than France
Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ > Per capita 209.32$ per capita
Ranked 28th. 5 times more than Italy
40.92$ per capita
Ranked 90th.

Unemployment > Unemployment > Total > % of total labor force 7.4%
Ranked 23th. 10% more than Italy
6.7%
Ranked 32nd.

Labor force > Female > % of total labor force 46.98%
Ranked 37th. 16% more than Italy
40.43%
Ranked 120th.

Share of women employed in the nonagricultural sector > % of total nonagricultural employment 48.5%
Ranked 25th. 13% more than Italy
43%
Ranked 55th.

Economic activity > Men aged 30-34 96.49%
Ranked 127th.
96.53%
Ranked 124th. The same as France
Employment > Employment share by sector > Services > Women > Aged above 14 85%
Ranked 24th. 7% more than Italy
79.2%
Ranked 36th.

Unemployment > Youth unemployment, female 23.2%
Ranked 26th.
32%
Ranked 15th. 38% more than France

Employment > Underemployment > Working less than 20 hours per week > Women > Aged above 14 9.5%
Ranked 14th. 10% more than Italy
8.6%
Ranked 16th.

Employment > Underemployment > Working less than 20 hours per week > Men > Aged above 14 2.2%
Ranked 21st. 16% more than Italy
1.9%
Ranked 22nd.

GNI > Current US$, % of GDP 101.72%
Ranked 31st. 2% more than Italy
99.42%
Ranked 55th.

Expense > % of GDP 47.81%
Ranked 3rd. 15% more than Italy
41.5%
Ranked 14th.

Economic activity > Men aged 40-44 96.85%
Ranked 94th.
97.2%
Ranked 70th. About the same as France
Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ > Per $ GDP 5.99$ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 106th. 4 times more than Italy
1.36$ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 137th.

Unemployment > Unemployment rates > Unemployment rates > Total per million 0.128%
Ranked 23th. 25% more than Italy
0.103%
Ranked 24th.
Economic activity > Men aged 45-49 95.73%
Ranked 87th. 1% more than Italy
95.16%
Ranked 109th.
Economic activity > Men aged 50-54 89.14%
Ranked 130th. 6% more than Italy
84.16%
Ranked 153th.
Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male > % 31.4%
Ranked 136th. 44% more than Italy
21.8%
Ranked 160th.

Employment to population ratio, 15+, female > % 45.8%
Ranked 102nd. 32% more than Italy
34.7%
Ranked 139th.

One-person and family businesses > Men > Percentage 8.7%
Ranked 43th.
20.9%
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than France

Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ per capita 201.69$
Ranked 26th. 5 times more than Italy
40.92$
Ranked 88th.

Employment rate > Source / date of > Information 2003 OECD . 2003 OECD .
Economic activity > Women aged 45-49 75.2%
Ranked 59th. 48% more than Italy
50.91%
Ranked 113th.
Force with tertiary education > % of total 26.2%
Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Italy
11.9%
Ranked 35th.

Employers, female > % of employment 2.2%
Ranked 25th.
3.8%
Ranked 3rd. 73% more than France

Employers, total > % of employment 4.4%
Ranked 20th.
6.6%
Ranked 4th. 50% more than France

Self-employed, female > % of females employed 7.7%
Ranked 56th.
18.3%
Ranked 30th. 2 times more than France

Self-employed, male > % of males employed 14.9%
Ranked 53th.
29.5%
Ranked 22nd. 98% more than France

Self-employed, total > % of total employed 11.5%
Ranked 58th.
24.8%
Ranked 28th. 2 times more than France

Employment to population ratio, 15+, male > % 55.8%
Ranked 156th. 4% more than Italy
53.6%
Ranked 160th.

Vulnerable employment, total > % of total employment 7.1%
Ranked 55th.
18.2%
Ranked 29th. 3 times more than France

Force participation rate > Male > % of male population ages 15-64 73.5%
Ranked 162nd.
74.33%
Ranked 158th. 1% more than France

Wage and salaried workers, total > % of total employed 88.5%
Ranked 10th. 18% more than Italy
75.2%
Ranked 40th.

Employees, industry, female > % of female employment 10.3%
Ranked 35th.
13.9%
Ranked 28th. 35% more than France

Employees, industry, male > % of male employment 32.1%
Ranked 26th.
37.6%
Ranked 11th. 17% more than France

Unemployment, youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24 23.9%
Ranked 26th.
33.7%
Ranked 12th. 41% more than France

Unemployment, youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24 23.8%
Ranked 28th.
35.3%
Ranked 11th. 48% more than France

Long-term unemployment, female > % of female unemployment 3.9%
Ranked 20th.
6.4%
Ranked 12th. 64% more than France

Force with primary education > % of total 26.9%
Ranked 16th.
46.7%
Ranked 6th. 74% more than France

Force > Total per 1000 428.93
Ranked 106th. 3% more than Italy
417.01
Ranked 119th.

Employees > Services > Female > % of female employment 86%
Ranked 10th. 6% more than Italy
80.9%
Ranked 17th.

Labor force with primary education > % of total 26%
Ranked 26th.
39%
Ranked 17th. 50% more than France

Labor force with secondary education > % of total 44.3%
Ranked 27th. The same as Italy
44.3%
Ranked 28th.

Labor force with primary education > Male > % of male labor force 26.5%
Ranked 27th.
44%
Ranked 16th. 66% more than France

Labor force with secondary education > Female > % of female labor force 41.9%
Ranked 29th.
47.8%
Ranked 24th. 14% more than France

Labor force with tertiary education > % of total 29.4%
Ranked 21st. 87% more than Italy
15.7%
Ranked 46th.

Steel industry jobs 39 thousand jobs
Ranked 10th. The same as Italy
39 thousand jobs
Ranked 9th.

Unemployment benefit as % of GDP 1.8% of GDP
Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Italy
0.7% of GDP
Ranked 14th.
Temporary employment share 14.5%
Ranked 8th. 44% more than Italy
10.1%
Ranked 15th.
Net income from abroad > Constant LCU 31.04 billion
Ranked 12th.
-9,067,027,982.669
Ranked 55th.

Part time employment, male > % of total male employment 6.8%
Ranked 34th.
7.1%
Ranked 29th. 4% more than France

Part time employment, total > % of total employment 18%
Ranked 20th. 6% more than Italy
17%
Ranked 24th.

Working time to buy > A television set 22 hours
Ranked 9th.
44 hours
Ranked 3rd. Twice as much as France
Economic activity > Men aged 65 plus 2.07%
Ranked 158th.
6.59%
Ranked 151st. 3 times more than France
Unemployment > Youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24 21.6%
Ranked 16th. 4% more than Italy
20.7%
Ranked 11th.

Economic activity > Men aged 25-29 93.6%
Ranked 126th. 3% more than Italy
90.8%
Ranked 160th.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 35-39 89.12%
Ranked 54th. 8% more than Italy
82.4%
Ranked 96th.
Economic activity > Women aged 60-64 14.47%
Ranked 123th. 56% more than Italy
9.28%
Ranked 149th.
Economic activity > Women aged 35-39 81.34%
Ranked 53th. 22% more than Italy
66.87%
Ranked 95th.
Unemployment > Youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24 22.7%
Ranked 17th.
23.4%
Ranked 11th. 3% more than France

Force > Female > % of total labor force 45.94%
Ranked 52nd. 15% more than Italy
40.05%
Ranked 113th.

Contributing family workers, female > % of females employed 0.7%
Ranked 48th.
2%
Ranked 31st. 3 times more than France

Contributing family workers, male > % of males employed 0.3%
Ranked 47th.
1.1%
Ranked 31st. 4 times more than France

Contributing family workers, total > % of total employed 0.5%
Ranked 47th.
1.4%
Ranked 34th. 3 times more than France

Employees, services, female > % of female employment 87.4%
Ranked 19th. 5% more than Italy
83.5%
Ranked 25th.

Employees, services, male > % of male employment 63.6%
Ranked 17th. 10% more than Italy
57.9%
Ranked 27th.

Part time employment, female > % of total part time employment 80.1%
Ranked 3rd. 6% more than Italy
75.6%
Ranked 9th.

Unemployment, male > % of male labor force 9.8%
Ranked 29th.
9.9%
Ranked 28th. 1% more than France

Unemployment, total > % of total labor force 9.9%
Ranked 32nd.
10.7%
Ranked 27th. 8% more than France

Labor force with secondary education > Male > % of male labor force 46.4%
Ranked 24th. 11% more than Italy
41.9%
Ranked 32nd.

Labor force with primary education > Female > % of female labor force 25.5%
Ranked 24th.
31.5%
Ranked 17th. 24% more than France

Employees > Agriculture > Male > % of male employment 4.1%
Ranked 20th.
4.5%
Ranked 18th. 10% more than France

Employees > Agriculture > Female > % of female employment 1.9%
Ranked 19th.
2.9%
Ranked 11th. 53% more than France

Employment in agriculture > % of total employment 3%
Ranked 20th.
3.8%
Ranked 17th. 27% more than France

Employment in services > % of total employment 72.9%
Ranked 6th. 10% more than Italy
66.3%
Ranked 17th.

Labor participation rate > Total > % of total population ages 15+ 56.3%
Ranked 144th. 15% more than Italy
49.1%
Ranked 168th.

Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment 19.9%
Ranked 28th. 76% more than Italy
11.3%
Ranked 50th.

Unemployment > Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment 42.6%
Ranked 25th.
52.6%
Ranked 17th. 23% more than France

Unemployment > Unemployment with secondary education > Female > % of female unemployment 41.3%
Ranked 38th.
43.6%
Ranked 34th. 6% more than France

Unemployment > Long-term unemployment rate > Female 36.5
Ranked 15th.
49.9
Ranked 8th. 37% more than France

Unemployment > Unemployment with primary education > Female > % of female unemployment 37.2%
Ranked 23th.
40.8%
Ranked 19th. 10% more than France

Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > Female > % of female unemployment 20.9%
Ranked 31st. 47% more than Italy
14.2%
Ranked 45th.

Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24 18%
Ranked 15th.
24.7%
Ranked 4th. 37% more than France

Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24 18.1%
Ranked 9th.
21.3%
Ranked 4th. 18% more than France

Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24 18.2%
Ranked 8th.
18.9%
Ranked 4th. 4% more than France

Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ per capita 8.89 BoP $
Ranked 67th. 80% more than Italy
4.95 BoP $
Ranked 75th.

Working time to buy > Beef 82 minutes
Ranked 3rd. 8% more than Italy
76 minutes
Ranked 7th.
Working time to buy > Bread 11 minutes
Ranked 6th.
12 minutes
Ranked 4th. 9% more than France
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention > Ratifications > Date October 26, 1951 May 13, 1958
Net income from abroad > Current US$, % of GDP 1.72%
Ranked 21st.
-0.653%
Ranked 50th.

Net income from abroad > Constant LCU per million 472.52 million
Ranked 16th.
-148,839,936.589
Ranked 38th.

Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men aged 15 to 24 26.3%
Ranked 164th.
31.2%
Ranked 153th. 19% more than France

GNI growth > Annual % -0.391%
Ranked 90th.
-2.587%
Ranked 106th. 7 times more than France

GNI per capita > Current LCU 31,465.44
Ranked 109th. 23% more than Italy
25,555.37
Ranked 118th.

Unemployment, youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24 23.7%
Ranked 26th.
37.5%
Ranked 14th. 58% more than France

Long-term unemployment, male > % of male unemployment 4%
Ranked 20th.
5%
Ranked 17th. 25% more than France

Unemployment, female > % of female labor force 10%
Ranked 35th.
11.9%
Ranked 24th. 19% more than France

Working time to buy > A refrigerator 36 hours
Ranked 8th. 9% more than Italy
33 hours
Ranked 9th.
Unemployment > Male > % of male labor force 9%
Ranked 26th. 41% more than Italy
6.4%
Ranked 46th.

Force with secondary education > % of total 46.9%
Ranked 18th. 17% more than Italy
40.2%
Ranked 26th.

Long-term unemployment > Male > % of male unemployment 43.1%
Ranked 9th.
57.5%
Ranked 2nd. 33% more than France

Unemployment > Total > % of total labor force 9.9%
Ranked 26th. 24% more than Italy
8%
Ranked 40th.

Compensation of employees > % of expense 22.08%
Ranked 37th. 35% more than Italy
16.41%
Ranked 46th.

Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Range in regional unemployment rate > Small regions > Maximum 13.71%
Ranked 12th.
18.56%
Ranked 6th. 35% more than France
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Range in regional unemployment rate > Small regions > Minimum 4.65%
Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Italy
2.25%
Ranked 23th.
Employment > Employment rates by gender > Employment rates > Men per million 1.06%
Ranked 25th.
1.17%
Ranked 24th. 11% more than France
Employment > Part-time employment > Incidence of part-time employment per million 0.22%
Ranked 22nd. 8% more than Italy
0.203%
Ranked 24th.
Employees > Industry > Female > % of female employment 11.2%
Ranked 17th.
16.1%
Ranked 9th. 44% more than France

Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Total per million 0.138%
Ranked 28th.
0.438%
Ranked 22nd. 3 times more than France
Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Women per million 0.0975%
Ranked 28th.
0.332%
Ranked 21st. 3 times more than France
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment 17.7%
Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Italy
7.5%
Ranked 62nd.

Economic activity > Women aged 20-24 55.36%
Ranked 115th.
65.45%
Ranked 80th. 18% more than France
Economic activity > Women aged 65 plus 1.15%
Ranked 158th.
1.81%
Ranked 151st. 57% more than France
Unemployment with tertiary education > Male > % of male unemployment 17.7%
Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Italy
6%
Ranked 58th.

Seafarers' Pensions Convention > Ratification Date December 9, 1948 April 10, 1962
Economic activity > Women aged 30-34 82.46%
Ranked 46th. 17% more than Italy
70.4%
Ranked 82nd.
Net income from abroad > Current LCU 34.88 billion
Ranked 14th.
-10,228,711,250
Ranked 91st.

Temporary employment share per million 0.238%
Ranked 20th. 34% more than Italy
0.177%
Ranked 22nd.
Unemployment > Long-term unemployment > Long-term unemployment per million 0.624%
Ranked 22nd.
0.829%
Ranked 19th. 33% more than France
Employment rate of lesser educated women 56.5%
Ranked 9th. 58% more than Italy
35.8%
Ranked 17th.
Unemployment > Female > % of female labor force 11.1%
Ranked 27th. 6% more than Italy
10.5%
Ranked 29th.

Long-term unemployment > Female > % of female unemployment 42.8%
Ranked 10th.
58.9%
Ranked 3rd. 38% more than France

Unemployment and education > Upper secondary 7.9%
Ranked 2nd. 7% more than Italy
7.4%
Ranked 4th.
Long-term unemployment > % of total unemployment 42.9%
Ranked 9th.
58.2%
Ranked 2nd. 36% more than France

Unemployment with secondary education > Female > % of female unemployment 42.6%
Ranked 27th.
45.6%
Ranked 34th. 7% more than France

Force participation rate > Female > % of female population ages 15-64 62.44%
Ranked 67th. 25% more than Italy
50.12%
Ranked 131st.

Unemployment > Youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24 24.2%
Ranked 19th.
27.4%
Ranked 13th. 13% more than France

Economic activity > Both sexes aged 40-44 89.51%
Ranked 50th. 14% more than Italy
78.46%
Ranked 109th.
Economic activity > Women aged 50-54 67.59%
Ranked 64th. 75% more than Italy
38.53%
Ranked 123th.
Economic activity > Women aged 55-59 44.31%
Ranked 76th. 2 times more than Italy
21.07%
Ranked 144th.
Unemployment with secondary education > Male > % of male unemployment 37%
Ranked 25th. 1% more than Italy
36.7%
Ranked 39th.

Net income from abroad > Current LCU per million 530.9 million
Ranked 24th.
-167,909,566.04
Ranked 53th.

Long term unemployment > Share 37.6%
Ranked 13th.
63.4%
Ranked 1st. 69% more than France
Employers, male > % of employment 6.3%
Ranked 18th.
8.5%
Ranked 5th. 35% more than France

One-person and family businesses > Women 5.5%
Ranked 39th.
14.6%
Ranked 18th. 3 times more than France

Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ 561.65 million BoP $
Ranked 42nd. 94% more than Italy
289.98 million BoP $
Ranked 52nd.

Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ 12.74 billion$
Ranked 5th. 5 times more than Italy
2.4 billion$
Ranked 31st.

Steel industry jobs per million 0.64 thousand jobs
Ranked 13th.
0.685 thousand jobs
Ranked 12th. 7% more than France

Economic activity > Women aged 15-19 6.62%
Ranked 159th.
23.14%
Ranked 117th. 3 times more than France
Minimum Age Convention > 1973 > Ratifications > Date July 13, 1990 July 28, 1981
Employment > Part-time employment > Incidence of part-time employment 14.21%
Ranked 14th. 16% more than Italy
12.23%
Ranked 20th.
One-person businesses > Men > Aged above 14 7.1%
Ranked 49th.
13.9%
Ranked 33th. 96% more than France

One-person and family businesses > Men 8.7%
Ranked 43th.
20.9%
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than France

Unemployment > Unemployed youths per unemployed adult > Women > Aged 15 to 24 2.6 ratio
Ranked 30th.
3.3 ratio
Ranked 13th. 27% more than France

Unemployment > Unemployed youths per unemployed adult > Men > Aged 15 to 24 2.8
Ranked 34th.
4.5
Ranked 6th. 61% more than France

Employment > Working more than 40 hours per week > Women > Aged above 14 21.6%
Ranked 24th.
42.2%
Ranked 17th. 95% more than France

Part time > Part time employment rate > Women 23.3%
Ranked 16th.
29.2%
Ranked 13th. 25% more than France

Part time > Part time employment rate > Men 5.3%
Ranked 19th. The same as Italy
5.3%
Ranked 20th.

GNI > Current LCU per capita 31,465.44
Ranked 109th. 23% more than Italy
25,555.37
Ranked 118th.

Subsidies and other transfers > % of expense 54.34%
Ranked 37th.
66.75%
Ranked 20th. 23% more than France

Economic activity > Both sexes aged 50-54 78.35%
Ranked 71st. 28% more than Italy
61.07%
Ranked 144th.
Economic activity > Men aged 55-59 65.21%
Ranked 154th. 1% more than Italy
64.53%
Ranked 155th.
Economic activity > Men aged 60-64 17.81%
Ranked 161st.
31.9%
Ranked 148th. 79% more than France
Economic activity > Women aged 25-29 83.89%
Ranked 32nd. 17% more than Italy
71.99%
Ranked 75th.
Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita 9,226.64 BoP $ per 1,000 people
Ranked 67th. 86% more than Italy
4,947.94 BoP $ per 1,000 people
Ranked 76th.

Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 0.264 BoP $ per $1 million of
Ranked 80th. 60% more than Italy
0.165 BoP $ per $1 million of
Ranked 85th.

Employees, agriculture, female > % of female employment 1.9%
Ranked 45th.
2.6%
Ranked 39th. 37% more than France

Employment > Working more than 40 hours per week > Men > Aged above 14 42.3%
Ranked 27th.
76.7%
Ranked 16th. 81% more than France

Economic activity > Both sexes aged 55-59 54.66%
Ranked 116th. 29% more than Italy
42.21%
Ranked 157th.
Force participation rate > Total > % of total population ages 15-64 67.96%
Ranked 109th. 9% more than Italy
62.24%
Ranked 146th.

Employees, agriculture, male > % of male employment 3.9%
Ranked 47th.
4.5%
Ranked 44th. 15% more than France

Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total > % 28.8%
Ranked 126th. 57% more than Italy
18.4%
Ranked 160th.

Employment to population ratio, 15+, total > % 50.6%
Ranked 133th. 16% more than Italy
43.8%
Ranked 153th.

Vulnerable employment, female > % of female employment 5.4%
Ranked 53th.
14.4%
Ranked 30th. 3 times more than France

Vulnerable employment, male > % of male employment 8.6%
Ranked 52nd.
20.9%
Ranked 26th. 2 times more than France

Wage and salaried workers, female > % of females employed 92.3%
Ranked 10th. 13% more than Italy
81.7%
Ranked 36th.

Wage and salary workers, male > % of males employed 85.1%
Ranked 13th. 21% more than Italy
70.5%
Ranked 44th.

SOURCES: ILO (International Labour Organization). 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; International Labour Organisation, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators.; World Bank national accounts data; Wikipedia: List of minimum wages by country (Countries) ("Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2013" . State.gov . Retrieved 2014-03-04 .); CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; World Development Indicators database; Wikipedia: List of minimum wages by country (Countries); Figures are from the OECD. The figures are from EIRO for France, Ireland and Italy; OECD; OECD Health Data 2002 (CD ROM) available year for Australia, Japan = 1998; Denmark = 1995; 1980 figures for Canada and France are interpolated; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Retirement age (Retirement age); International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Health and Safety Commission: Statistics of fatal injuries 2005/06, pp.20; International Labour Organisation, using World Bank population estimates.; United Nations Statistics Division Original html; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009; OECD Historical Statistics; calculated on the basis of data on the economically active population and total population from ILO (International Labour Organization). 2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division Original html; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Economic activity rate and economically active population, by sex, thirteen age groups, 1950-2010 (ILO estimates and projections) are data from the International Labour Union (ILO). Source details: ILO, Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, fourth edition, diskette database (Geneva, 1997). The latest set of estimates and projections covering the period 1950-2010 (4th edition) was released by ILO in December 1996. These data are updated every five-ten years by ILO and a new set of these data is in preparation; OECD; ILO, Key Indicators; Health and Safety Commission: Statistics of fatal injuries 2005/06, pp.20. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; calculated on the basis of data on male and female unemployment rates from OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). 2001. Employment Outlook 2001. Paris; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a109, Part-time employment rate; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development). 2001. Employment Outlook. Paris; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Harvey, Andrew S. 1995 ?Market and Non-Market Productive Activity in Less Developed and Developing Countries: Lessons from Time Use.? Background Paper for Human Development Report 1995. United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report, Goldshmidt-Clermont, Luisella, and Elisabetta Pagnossin Aligisakis. 1995. ?Measures of Unrecorded Economic Activities in Fourteen Countries.? Background paper for Human Development Report; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; International Metalworkers' Federation, The Purchasing Power of Working Time 2002: An International Comparison of Average Net Hourly Earnings 2001 (International Metalworkers' Federation, Geneva, 2002); Wikipedia: Minimum Age Convention, 1973; OECD, Employment Outlook 2002; OECD Employment Outlook 2002, p.74; OECD; World Bank staff estimates; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a118, Percent working less than 20 hrs/week; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a118, Percent working less than 20 hrs/week; World Bank national accounts data. GDP figures sourced from World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates. World Bank World Development Indicators.; United Nations Statistics Division; Wikipedia: List of countries by employment rate; ILO Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM).; International Iron and Steel Institute 2006 report; Annex to GECD Society at a Glance 2002; Wikipedia: Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949; Wikipedia: Seafarers' Pensions Convention, 1946; OECD. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=MDG&f=seriesRowID%3a773#MDG, Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, women, percentage; International Iron and Steel Institute 2006 report. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a116, Percent own-account workers; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=MDG&f=seriesRowID%3a772, Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, men, percentage; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?q=40+hrs%2fweek&d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a119, Percent working more than 40 hrs/week.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables

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