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Crime Stats: compare key data on China & Japan

Definitions

  • Age of criminal responsibility: The age at which a person is no longer excluded from criminal liability.  The lowest age is indicated for countries where there isn’t a single age limit, for example where different states have different regulations (such as the USA) or there is different limits for boy and girls (such as in Iran). The spectrum is specifically wide for the USA and Mexico (both 6-12 years). Several US states do not stipulate any minimal age for criminal responsibility at all. For further qualifications, exceptions and other notes, please refer to notes.
  • Assault rate: Number of assaults recorded by police per 100,000 population
  • Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years: Crime increasing in the past 3 years. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "In the past three years would you say the level of crime in your community has increased, stayed about the same, or decreased?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Burglaries: Number of burglaries recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Crime levels: Level of crime. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How serious you feel the level of crime is?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drugs > Opiates use: Annual prevalence.
  • Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year): Year of last use.
  • Murder rate: Homicide rate per year per 100,000 inhabitants in various countries.
  • Robberies: Number of robberies recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents: Number of privately owned small firearms per 100 residents.
  • Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate: Homicides per 100’000 residents. Homicide is the death of a person purposefully inflicted by another person (it excludes suicides) outside of a state of war. Homicide is a broader category than murder, as it also includes manslaughter. The exact legal definition varies across countries, some of which include infanticide, assisted suicide, euthanasia and deaths caused by dangerous driving.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Murders: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murders per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Fear of crime > Violent hate crime: Worries being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night: Safety walking alone during night. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the night?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • International Court of Justice > Current composition > Term End: Date term of judges of different nationality in the International Court of Justice will come to an end.
  • Prisoners: Total persons incarcerated
  • Assaults: Number of assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Punishment > Maximum length of sentence: Maximum length of sentence (under life).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Auto theft: Number of motor vehicle thefts (car thefts) recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery: Problem violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Murders > WHO: Intentional homicide rate is the estimate of intentional homicides in a country as a result of domestic disputes that end in a killing, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, inter-gang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. The term, intentional homicide, is broad, but it does not include all intentional killing. In particular, deaths arising from armed conflict are usually considered separately. The difference is usually described by the organisation of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas the killing in armed conflict is usually committed by more or less cohesive groups of up to several hundred members. Two main sources of data are presented: criminal justice (law enforcement) measures (this series), supplemented by data from national statistical agencies, and measures from public health sources (see other intentional homicide series). These various sources measure slightly different phenomena and are therefore unlikely to provide identical numbers."
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day: Safety walking alone during daylight. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the daylight?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drugs > Lifetime cannabis use: Adult lifetime cannabis use.
  • Prisoners > Per capita: Data for 2003. Number of prisoners held per 100,000 population.
  • Punishment > Crimes possibly attracting life sentence: Possible other sentence.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked: Worries attacked. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being physically attacked by strangers?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Software piracy rate: The piracy rate is the total number of units of pirated software deployed in 2007 divided by the total units of software installed.
  • Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft: Problem property crimes such as vandalism and theft. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) property crimes such as vandalism and theft?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drug offences: Drug offence cases per 100,000 population (2000).
  • Perceived problems > Illegal drugs: Problem people using or dealing drugs. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) people using or dealing drugs?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery: Problem corruption and bribery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) corruption and bribery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Punishment > Minimum life sentence to serve before eligibility for requesting parole: Minimum to serve before eligibility for requesting parole.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted: Worries being insulted. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being insulted or pestered by anybody, while in the street or any other public place?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed: Worries being mugged or robbed. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being mugged and robbed?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Serious assaults: Number of major assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Prisoners per 1000: Total persons incarcerated. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Prosecution rate: Number of people prosecuted.
  • Punishment > Crimes requiring mandatory sentence: Mandatory sentence.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Judges: Number of professional judges per 100,000 population.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter: Worries home broken and things stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How worried are you about....having your home broken into and something stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prisoners > Female: Female prisoners, expressed as a percentage share of the total prison population. Data for 2003.
  • Judges and Magistrates: Number of Judges and Magistrates
  • Punishment > Life sentence under the age of 18 or 21: Under age of 18 (or 21).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Drugs > HIV infections amongst drug users: Percentage of injecting drug users who are HIV positive.
  • Punishment > Has life imprisonment: Life imprisonment.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Executions: Number of known executions in the country (Data is for 2007). Because these figures include only documented cases; the true figures are likely to be higher in many countries.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen: Worries things from car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having things stolen from your car?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Punishment > Has indefinite sentence: Indefinite sentence (excl. preventive or psychiatric detainment).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Prosecutors: Number of prosecutors per 100,000 population.
  • Judges and Magistrates per million: Number of Judges and Magistrates. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen: Worries car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having your car stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prison staff: Number of correction staff in adult prisons per 100,000 population.
  • Prisoners > Foreign prisoners: Prisoners who are foreign nationals, expressed as a percentage share of total prison population. Data for 2003.
  • Executions per million: Number of known executions in the country (Data is for 2007). Because these figures include only documented cases; the true figures are likely to be higher in many countries. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Prosecution rate per million: Number of people prosecuted. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Prosecutions > Adults: Number of people prosecuted. Prosecutions are cases that made it to court, regardless of the verdict.
  • Prosecutions > Adults per 1000: Number of people prosecuted. Prosecutions are cases that made it to court, regardless of the verdict. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Prosecutions > Juveniles: Number of juveniles who were prosecuted in the given year. Prosecutions are cases that made it to court, regardless of the verdict.
  • Prosecutions > Juveniles per million: Number of juveniles who were prosecuted in the given year. Prosecutions are cases that made it to court, regardless of the verdict. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
STAT China Japan HISTORY
Age of criminal responsibility 14
Ranked 28th. 17% more than Japan
12
Ranked 37th.
Assault rate 9.5
Ranked 83th.
51
Ranked 56th. 5 times more than China
Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years 49.28
Ranked 82nd. 4% more than Japan
47.56
Ranked 16th.
Burglaries 90.7
Ranked 5th.
234
Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than China
Crime levels 22.1
Ranked 83th. 73% more than Japan
12.8
Ranked 18th.
Drugs > Opiates use 0.2%
Ranked 7th. Twice as much as Japan
0.1%
Ranked 8th.
Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year) 2,014
Ranked 3rd. The same as Japan
2,013
Ranked 13th.
Murder rate 1.2 1.02
Robberies 24.5
Ranked 9th. 6 times more than Japan
4
Ranked 63th.

Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents 4.9
Ranked 97th. 8 times more than Japan
0.6
Ranked 158th.
Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate 1.12
Ranked 80th. 3 times more than Japan
0.35
Ranked 44th.

Violent crime > Murder rate 13,410
Ranked 6th. 27 times more than Japan
506
Ranked 45th.

Violent crime > Murder rate per million people 10.02
Ranked 74th. 3 times more than Japan
3.97
Ranked 111th.

Violent crime > Murders 13,410
Ranked 6th. 27 times more than Japan
506
Ranked 45th.

Violent crime > Murders per million people 10.02
Ranked 74th. 3 times more than Japan
3.97
Ranked 111th.

Fear of crime > Violent hate crime 21.13
Ranked 68th.
23.72
Ranked 13th. 12% more than China
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night 72.89
Ranked 13th.
87.8
Ranked 1st. 20% more than China
International Court of Justice > Current composition > Term End 2012 2012
Prisoners 1.55 million prisoners
Ranked 2nd. 22 times more than Japan
69,502 prisoners
Ranked 19th.
Assaults 9.5
Ranked 10th.
51
Ranked 41st. 5 times more than China
Punishment > Maximum length of sentence None None
Auto theft 35.5
Ranked 5th. 25% more than Japan
28.3
Ranked 46th.

Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery 23.91
Ranked 71st. 74% more than Japan
13.75
Ranked 18th.
Murders > WHO 1.9
Ranked 131st. 4 times more than Japan
0.5
Ranked 180th.
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day 85.71
Ranked 27th.
90.24
Ranked 2nd. 5% more than China

Drugs > Lifetime cannabis use 0.3%
Ranked 8th.
1.5%
Ranked 7th. 5 times more than China
Prisoners > Per capita 119 per 100,000 people
Ranked 71st. 2 times more than Japan
54 per 100,000 people
Ranked 126th.
Punishment > Crimes possibly attracting life sentence Various Death sentence due to foreign aggression
Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked 24.31
Ranked 78th. 54% more than Japan
15.79
Ranked 17th.
Software piracy rate 82%
Ranked 18th. 4 times more than Japan
23%
Ranked 103th.
Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft 37.86
Ranked 75th. 2 times more than Japan
18.13
Ranked 18th.
Drug offences 3.9 per 100,000 people
Ranked 59th.
26,477 per 100,000 people
Ranked 10th. 6789 times more than China
Perceived problems > Illegal drugs 26.74
Ranked 81st. 86% more than Japan
14.37
Ranked 18th.
Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery 76.23
Ranked 39th. 3 times more than Japan
27.14
Ranked 16th.
Punishment > Minimum life sentence to serve before eligibility for requesting parole 10 years for non-violent crimes; never for murder, rape, kidnap, arson, explosives offences, putting hazardous materials or other organized violent crimes 10 years or never
Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted 30.71
Ranked 71st. 26% more than Japan
24.38
Ranked 14th.
Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed 25.36
Ranked 76th. 2 times more than Japan
11.88
Ranked 18th.
Serious assaults 0.2
Ranked 7th.
26.7
Ranked 20th. 134 times more than China
Prisoners per 1000 1.21 prisoners
Ranked 74th. 2 times more than Japan
0.545 prisoners
Ranked 129th.
Prosecution rate 56
Ranked 39th.
141
Ranked 32nd. 3 times more than China
Background Like most of the its Asian neighbours, China has very strict policies when it comes to crime. The death penalty is commonly used, and in fact in 2007, it carried out a total of 470 <a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_exe-crime-executions">executions</a>, the highest number that year and almost 33% more than the next most active nation, Iran. The prisons are still busy, however, with China boasting over 1.5 million prisoners, the 2nd largest <a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_pri-crime-prisoners">prisoner population</a>&nbsp;behind the US. However, its <a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_pri_per_cap-crime-prisoners-per-capita">prisoners per capita</a>&nbsp;rate of just 119 per 100,000 of the population is very respectable, and far behind the US&#39; rate of 715. As one if the most populous nations on earth, there can be no great surprise that Japan has one of the highest incidents of crime, with the <a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_tot_cri-crime-total-crimes">total number of crimes</a>&nbsp;reported in 2002 more than 2.85 million. That placed Japan 6th overall, with only 20% of that reported in the leading nation, the US. However, just 15.2% of Japanese people claiming to be <a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_tot_cri_vic-crime-total-victims">victims of crime</a>, placing the country 20th in the world, with 30% of Australian making a similar claim. Perhaps surprising to many is the fact that Japan still enacts the death penalty, with 9 prisoners <a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_exe-crime-executions">executed</a>&nbsp;in 2007.
Punishment > Crimes requiring mandatory sentence No Varies by prefecture (Murder)
Judges 14%
Ranked 12th. 5 times more than Japan
2.6%
Ranked 40th.

Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter 26.81
Ranked 80th. 65% more than Japan
16.25
Ranked 18th.
Prisoners > Female 4.4%
Ranked 57th.
5.7%
Ranked 33th. 30% more than China
Judges and Magistrates 204,096
Ranked 1st. 66 times more than Japan
3,094
Ranked 13th.
Punishment > Life sentence under the age of 18 or 21 Yes Yes
Drugs > HIV infections amongst drug users 6.3%
Ranked 14th. 210 times more than Japan
0.03%
Ranked 60th.
Punishment > Has life imprisonment Yes Yes
Executions 470 executions
Ranked 1st. 52 times more than Japan
9 executions
Ranked 16th.
Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen 36.59
Ranked 75th. 2 times more than Japan
14.74
Ranked 18th.
Punishment > Has indefinite sentence No Yes
Prosecutors 13.5%
Ranked 6th. 7 times more than Japan
2%
Ranked 42nd.

Judges and Magistrates per million 159.4
Ranked 16th. 7 times more than Japan
24.28
Ranked 54th.
Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen 29.17
Ranked 67th. 3 times more than Japan
11.25
Ranked 18th.
Prison staff 22.1%
Ranked 7th. 73% more than Japan
12.8%
Ranked 48th.

Prisoners > Foreign prisoners 0.03%
Ranked 84th.
6.5%
Ranked 42nd. 217 times more than China
Executions per million 0.357 executions
Ranked 24th. 5 times more than Japan
0.0704 executions
Ranked 31st.
Prosecution rate per million 0.0427
Ranked 45th.
1.1
Ranked 37th. 26 times more than China
Prosecutions > Adults 667,935
Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Japan
178,689
Ranked 6th.
Prosecutions > Adults per 1000 0.509
Ranked 42nd.
1.4
Ranked 33th. 3 times more than China
Prosecutions > Juveniles 40,901
Ranked 4th. 30 times more than Japan
1,351
Ranked 24th.
Prosecutions > Juveniles per million 31.2
Ranked 38th. 3 times more than Japan
10.57
Ranked 40th.

SOURCES: Wikipedia: Defense of infancy (Ages of criminal responsibility by country); European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011; crime; European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011; Wikipedia: List of countries by prevalence of opiates use ("World Drug Report 2011" . United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2011. "World Drug Report 2006" . United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2006. http://www.unodc.org/documents/wdr/WDR_2009/WDR2009_eng_web.pdf); Wikipedia: Capital punishment in Europe (Abolition); Annexe I of the Small Arms Survey 2007 ; Wikipedia: List of countries by intentional homicide rate by decade; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Various sources compiled into Wikipedia's: International Court of Justice; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); Wikipedia: Life imprisonment (Summary by country); World Health Organisation.; Mostly Table GPS-8 Part (i) ''Lifetime prevalence of drug use among all adults (aged 15 to 64 years old) in nationwide surveys among the general population'' EMCDDA (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction) unless otherwise referred on Wikipedia: Adult lifetime cannabis use by country; International Centre for Prison Studies - World Prison Brief; Fifth Annual BSA and IDC Global Software Piracy Study; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Source tables; Amnesty International; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Amnesty International. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.

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