Government Stats: compare key data on Brazil & Italy

Definitions

Administrative divisions: This entry generally gives the numbers, designatory terms, and first-order administrative divisions as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). Changes that have been reported but not yet acted on by BGN are noted.
Capital city > Geographic coordinates: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
Capital city > Name: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
Constitution: The dates of adoption, revisions, and major amendments to a nation's constitution
Diplomatic representation from the US > Mailing address: This entry includes the chief of mission, embassy address, mailing address, telephone number, FAX number, branch office locations, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
Executive branch > Cabinet: Cabinet includes the official name for any body of high-ranking advisers roughly comparable to a U.S. Cabinet. Also notes the method for selection of members.
Executive branch > Chief of state: The name and title of any person or role roughly equivalent to a U.S. Chief of State. This means the titular leader of the country who represents the state at official and ceremonial functions but may not be involved with the day-to-day activities of the government
Executive branch > Head of government: Head of government includes the name and title of the top administrative leader who is designated to manage the day-to-day activities of the government. For example, in the UK, the monarch is the chief of state, and the prime minister is the head of government. In the US, the president is both the chief of state and the head of government.
Government type: A description of the basic form of government (e.g., republic, constitutional monarchy, federal republic, parliamentary democracy, military dictatorship).
Judicial branch: The name(s) of the highest court(s) and a brief description of the selection process for members.
Legal system: A brief description of the legal system's historical roots, role in government, and acceptance of International Court of Justice (ICJ) jurisdiction.
Legislative branch: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
Political parties and leaders: Significant political organizations and their leaders.
Political pressure groups and leaders: Organizations with leaders involved in politics, but not standing for legislative election.
Suffrage: The age at enfranchisement and whether the right to vote is universal or restricted
International organization participation: This entry lists in alphabetical order by abbreviation those international organizations in which the subject country is a member or participates in some other way.
Country name > Conventional long form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
Civil law system: Description.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Executive branch > Elections: Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election
National symbol(s): A national symbol is a faunal, floral, or other abstract representation - or some distinctive object - that over time has come to be closely identified with a country or entity. Not all countries have national symbols; a few countries have more than one.
Flag description: A written flag description produced from actual flags or the best information available at the time the entry was written. The flags of independent states are used by their dependencies unless there is an officially recognized local flag. Some disputed and other areas do not have flags.
Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days: Time required to start a business (days). Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
Country name > Conventional short form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
Constitutional form: Constitutional form of government.
Transnational Issues > Disputes > International: This entry includes a wide variety of situations that range from traditional bilateral boundary disputes to unilateral claims of one sort or another. Information regarding disputes over international terrestrial and maritime boundaries has been reviewed by the US Department of State. References to other situations involving borders or frontiers may also be included, such as resource disputes, geopolitical questions, or irredentist issues; however, inclusion does not necessarily constitute official acceptance or recognition by the US Government.
Total businesses registered > Number: Total businesses registered. Because of underreporting of firms that have closed or exited, especially in developing countries, the data on total registered firms may be biased upward.
National anthem: A generally patriotic musical composition - usually in the form of a song or hymn of praise - that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions, or struggles of a nation or its people. National anthems can be officially recognized as a national song by a country's constitution or by an enacted law, or simply by tradition. Although most anthems contain lyrics, some do not.
Legislative branch > Election results: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
Legislative branch > Elections: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
Democracy and rights > Press freedom index: Compares countries by their degree of government censorship, according to the Press freedom index. This index, created by the non-governmental organization Reporters without borders (RWS), is ellaborated using data from an extensive annual survey sent to professional reporters throughout the world. The survey contains questions about the type and ownership of media present in the country, freedom of speech, violence exerted against reporters, election campaigns, access of political parties to the media, etc.
Parliament > Seats held by women > Percentage: Percentage of seats held by women in country's national parliament or legislative houses.
Independence: For most countries, this entry gives the date that sovereignty was achieved and from which nation, empire, or trusteeship. For the other countries, the date given may not represent "independence" in the strict sense, but rather some significant nationhood event such as the traditional founding date or the date of unification, federation, confederation, establishment, fundamental change in the form of government, or state succession. Dependent areas include the notation "none" followed by the nature of their dependency status. "
Executive branch > Election results: Election results includes the percent of vote for each candidate in the last election (if any)
Judicial branch > Subordinate courts: This entry is derived from Government > Judicial branch, which includes three subfields. The highest court(s) subfield includes the name(s) of a country's highest level court(s), the number and titles of the judges, and the types of cases heard by the court, which commonly are based on civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional law. A number of countries have separate constitutional courts. The judge selection and term of office subfield includes the organizations and associated officials responsible for nominating and appointing judges, and a brief description of the process. The selection process can be indicative of the independence of a country's court system from other branches of its government. Also included in this subfield are judges' tenures, which can range from a few years, to a specified retirement age, to lifelong appointments. The subordinate courts subfield lists the courts lower in the hierarchy of a country's court system. A few countries with federal-style governments, such as Brazil, Canada, and the US, in addition to their federal court, have separate state- or province-level court systems, though generally the two systems interact.
Basis of executive legitimacy: Basis of executive legitimacy.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Transnational Issues > Illicit drugs: This entry gives information on the five categories of illicit drugs - narcotics, stimulants, depressants (sedatives), hallucinogens, and cannabis. These categories include many drugs legally produced and prescribed by doctors as well as those illegally produced and sold outside of medical channels.
Cannabis (Cannabis sativa) is the common hemp plant, which provides hallucinogens with some sedative properties, and includes marijuana (pot, Acapulco gold, grass, reefer), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, Marinol), hashish (hash), and hashish oil (hash oil).
Coca (mostly Erythroxylum coca) is a bush with leaves that contain the stimulant used to make cocaine. Coca is not to be confused with cocoa, which comes from cacao seeds and is used in making chocolate, cocoa, and cocoa butter.
Cocaine is a stimulant derived from the leaves of the coca bush.
Depressants (sedatives) are drugs that reduce tension and anxiety and include chloral hydrate, barbiturates (Amytal, Nembutal, Seconal, phenobarbital), benzodiazepines (Librium, Valium), methaqualone (Quaalude), glutethimide (Doriden), and others (Equanil, Placidyl, Valmid).
Drugs are any chemical substances that effect a physical, mental, emotional, or behavioral change in an individual.
Drug abuse is the use of any licit or illicit chemical substance that results in physical, mental, emotional, or behavioral impairment in an individual.
Hallucinogens are drugs that affect sensation, thinking, self-awareness, and emotion. Hallucinogens include LSD (acid, microdot), mescaline and peyote (mexc, buttons, cactus), amphetamine variants (PMA, STP, DOB), phencyclidine (PCP, angel dust, hog), phencyclidine analogues (PCE, PCPy, TCP), and others (psilocybin, psilocyn).
Hashish is the resinous exudate of the cannabis or hemp plant (Cannabis sativa).
Heroin is a semisynthetic derivative of morphine.
Mandrax is a trade name for methaqualone, a pharmaceutical depressant.
Marijuana is the dried leaf of the cannabis or hemp plant (Cannabis sativa).
Methaqualone is a pharmaceutical depressant, referred to as mandrax in Southwest Asia and Africa.
Narcotics are drugs that relieve pain, often induce sleep, and refer to opium, opium derivatives, and synthetic substitutes. Natural narcotics include opium (paregoric, parepectolin), morphine (MS-Contin, Roxanol), codeine (Tylenol with codeine, Empirin with codeine, Robitussin AC), and thebaine. Semisynthetic narcotics ...
Full definition
Country name > Local short form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
Democracy and rights > Freedom of the press: Compares countries by freedom of the press. The lower the score, the more free the press of that country is. The scores are taken from the Freedom of the Press Index, elaborated by Freedom House, self-defined as "an independent watchdog organization dedicated to the expansion of freedom around the world". The data used in the index come from an annual survey of media independence in 197 countries and territories, assessing the degree of print, broadcast, and internet freedom in each of them.
Corruption > Bribe Payers Index: 2008
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament: Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber occupied by women.
Diplomatic representation from the US > Embassy: This entry includes the chief of mission, embassy address, mailing address, telephone number, FAX number, branch office locations, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number: Start-up procedures to register a business (number). Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production.
Democracy > Civil and political liberties: Civil and political liberties
Units: Index Ranging from 7 (High Levels of Liberties) to 1 (Low
Units: This is the average of two indicators - civil liberties and political liberties.
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
National holiday: The primary national day of celebration - often independence day.
Capital > Geographic coordinates: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
Democracy > First female parliamentarian: Year first woman elected or appointed to parliament.
Time required to start a business > Days: Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
Leaders > President: Government > Leaders > President
Judicial branch > Judge selection and term of office: This entry is derived from Government > Judicial branch, which includes three subfields. The highest court(s) subfield includes the name(s) of a country's highest level court(s), the number and titles of the judges, and the types of cases heard by the court, which commonly are based on civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional law. A number of countries have separate constitutional courts. The judge selection and term of office subfield includes the organizations and associated officials responsible for nominating and appointing judges, and a brief description of the process. The selection process can be indicative of the independence of a country's court system from other branches of its government. Also included in this subfield are judges' tenures, which can range from a few years, to a specified retirement age, to lifelong appointments. The subordinate courts subfield lists the courts lower in the hierarchy of a country's court system. A few countries with federal-style governments, such as Brazil, Canada, and the US, in addition to their federal court, have separate state- or province-level court systems, though generally the two systems interact.
Red tape > Burden of customs procedure, WEF > 1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient: Burden of customs procedure, WEF (1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient). Burden of Customs Procedure measures business executives' perceptions of their country's efficiency of customs procedures. The rating ranges from 1 to 7, with a higher score indicating greater efficiency. Data are from the World Economic Forum's Executive Opinion Survey, conducted for 30 years in collaboration with 150 partner institutes. The 2009 round included more than 13,000 respondents from 133 countries. Sampling follows a dual stratification based on company size and the sector of activity. Data are collected online or through in-person interviews. Responses are aggregated using sector-weighted averaging. The data for the latest year are combined with the data for the previous year to create a two-year moving average. Respondents evaluated the efficiency of customs procedures in their country. The lowest score (1) rates the customs procedure as extremely inefficient, and the highest score (7) as extremely efficient.
Red tape > Time required to register property > Days: Time required to register property (days). Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property.
International law organization participation: This entry includes information on a country's acceptance of jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and of the International Criminal Court (ICCt); 55 countries have accepted ICJ jurisdiction with reservations and 11 have accepted ICJ jurisdiction without reservations; 114 countries have accepted ICCt jurisdiction. Appendix B: International Organizations and Groups explains the differing mandates of the ICJ and ICCt.
Parliament > Seats held by men: Number of seats held by men in country's naitonal parliament or legislative houses.
Country name > Local long form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
Red tape > Time to resolve insolvency > Years: Time to resolve insolvency (years). Time to resolve insolvency is the number of years from the filing for insolvency in court until the resolution of distressed assets.
Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million: Start-up procedures to register a business (number). Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Diplomatic representation in the US > Chancery: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
Diplomatic representation from the US > Chief of mission: This entry includes the chief of mission, embassy address, mailing address, telephone number, FAX number, branch office locations, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
Diplomatic representation in the US > Chief of mission: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
Diplomatic representation from the US > Telephone: This entry includes the chief of mission, embassy address, mailing address, telephone number, FAX number, branch office locations, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
Parliament > Seats held by women: Number of seats held by women in country's parliament or legislative houses.
Leaders > President > Summary: Government > Leaders > President > Summary
Democracy > Democratic institutions rating: Democratic institutions
Units: Scale ranging from -10 (autocratic) to +10 (democratic)
UN membership date: Date of United Nations Membership
Total businesses registered > Number per 1000: Total businesses registered. Because of underreporting of firms that have closed or exited, especially in developing countries, the data on total registered firms may be biased upward. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number: Procedures to build a warehouse (number). Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers.
Capital city: The location of the seat of government.
Capital > Name: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
Legal origin: Legal origin identifies the origin of the Company Law or Commercial Code in each country
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Spending > Expense > Current LCU: Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends."
Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days: Time required to get electricity (days). Time required to get electricity is the number of days to obtain a permanent electricity connection. The measure captures the median duration that the electricity utility and experts indicate is necessary in practice, rather than required by law, to complete a procedure.
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Registered voter turnout: The proportion of registered voters who actually voted.
Legislature (parliament) > People per member: Number of people each member of the legislature represents on average. The number of members of the legislature is the sum of the members of all chambers of parliament, if applicable.
Democracy and rights > Year women first voted at national level: Year women first voted at national level.
Capital > Time difference: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
International relations: Country international relations.
Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days per million: Time required to get electricity (days). Time required to get electricity is the number of days to obtain a permanent electricity connection. The measure captures the median duration that the electricity utility and experts indicate is necessary in practice, rather than required by law, to complete a procedure. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Legislature (parliament) > Upper house members: Members of the upper house of the legislature. Does not include countries with a unicameral system.
Democracy > Female ministers: Women in government at ministerial level in 2000 (as % of total). Data were provided by states based on their definition of national executive and may therefore include women serving as ministers and vice ministers and those holding other ministerial positions, including parliamentary secretaries.
Legislature (parliament) > Lower house members: Members of the lower house of the legislature or of the only chamber in a unicameral system.
Leaders > Head of state > Term limit for head of state: Head(s) of state.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days: Time required to enforce a contract (days). Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment.
Democracy > Female parliamentarians: Seats in parliament held by women (as % of total). Data are as of 8 March 2002. Where there are lower and upper houses, data refer to the weighted average of women's shares of seats in both houses.
Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number: Procedures to register property (number). Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property.
Leaders > President > Profile: Government > Leaders > President > Profile
Role of head of state: Head of state.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Start-up procedures to register a business > Number: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production.
Red tape > Burden of customs procedure, WEF > 1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient per million: Burden of customs procedure, WEF (1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient). Burden of Customs Procedure measures business executives' perceptions of their country's efficiency of customs procedures. The rating ranges from 1 to 7, with a higher score indicating greater efficiency. Data are from the World Economic Forum's Executive Opinion Survey, conducted for 30 years in collaboration with 150 partner institutes. The 2009 round included more than 13,000 respondents from 133 countries. Sampling follows a dual stratification based on company size and the sector of activity. Data are collected online or through in-person interviews. Responses are aggregated using sector-weighted averaging. The data for the latest year are combined with the data for the previous year to create a two-year moving average. Respondents evaluated the efficiency of customs procedures in their country. The lowest score (1) rates the customs procedure as extremely inefficient, and the highest score (7) as extremely efficient. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong: Strength of legal rights index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. The index ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating that these laws are better designed to expand access to credit."
Spending > Compensation of employees > Current LCU: Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees."
Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU: Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organisations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind."
Legislature (parliament) > Term of office for upper house members: Members of the upper house*.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Parliament > Seats held by women per million people: Number of seats held by women in country's parliament or legislative houses. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Democracy > Female suffrage: Year in which women received the right to vote. Data refer to the year in which right to vote or stand for election on a universal and equal basis was recognized. Where two years are shown, the first refers to the first partial recognition of the right to vote.
Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days: Time required to build a warehouse (days). Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days per million: Time required to start a business (days). Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million: Procedures to enforce a contract (number). Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Red tape > Time required to register property > Days per million: Time required to register property (days). Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million: Procedures to build a warehouse (number). Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days per million: Time required to build a warehouse (days). Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Capital > Daylight saving time: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
Total businesses registered > Number > Per capita: Total businesses registered. Because of underreporting of firms that have closed or exited, especially in developing countries, the data on total registered firms may be biased upward. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Spending > Interest payments > Current LCU: Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents."
Foreign relations > Diplomatic representation in the US > Ambassador: Name of ambassador to the USA.
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ > Per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Time required to build a warehouse > Days: Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population: International IDEA has chosen to use not only the reported registration rate to calculate turnout percentages, but also the voting age population (VAP) which includes all citizens above the legal voting age
Democracy > Female candidacy: Year in which women received the right to stand for election. Data refer to the year in which right to vote or stand for election on a universal and equal basis was recognized. Where two years are shown, the first refers to the first partial recognition of the right to stand for election.
Trademarks > Nonresidents > Per capita: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Trademarks > Nonresidents per 1000: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voter registration: The number of registered voters. The figure represents the number of names on the voters' register at the time that the registration process closes, as reported by the electoral management body.
Democracy > Compulsory voting > Penalty: Sanctions applied for failing to vote. See http://www.int-idea.se/vt/analysis/Compulsory_Voting.cfm for more information
Start-up procedures to register a business > Number > Per capita: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
Time required to enforce a contract > Days: Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment.
Procedures to register property > Number: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property.
Procedures to build a warehouse > Number: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers.
Key ministers > Defence: Minister of Defence, 2005
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population per 1000: International IDEA has chosen to use not only the reported registration rate to calculate turnout percentages, but also the voting age population (VAP) which includes all citizens above the legal voting age. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Foreign relations > Date of establishment of relations with China: The date on which each country established diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China.
Key ministers > Health: Minister of Health, 2005
Key ministers > Culture: Minister of Culture, 2005
Key ministers > Environment: Minister of Environment, 2005
Capital city > Time difference: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
Spending > Goods and services expense > % of expense: Goods and services include all government payments in exchange for goods and services used for the production of market and nonmarket goods and services. Own-account capital formation is excluded.
Democracy and rights > Last election: Last election.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Parliament > Seats held by men per million people: Number of seats held by men in country's naitonal parliament or legislative houses. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Spending > Compensation of employees > % of expense: Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees."
Spending > Interest payments > % of expense: Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents."
Spending > Other expense > % of expense: Other expense is spending on dividends, rent, and other miscellaneous expenses, including provision for consumption of fixed capital."
Spending > Other expense > Current LCU: Other expense is spending on dividends, rent, and other miscellaneous expenses, including provision for consumption of fixed capital."
Trademarks > Residents per million: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Ruling party: In power now.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Spending > Expense > % of GDP: Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends."
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current LCU: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current local currency.
Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Legislature (parliament) > Term of office for lower house members: Members of the lower (or sole) house.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days per million: Time required to enforce a contract (days). Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Trademarks > Residents: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment.
Procedures to register property > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
Procedures to enforce a contract > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
Democracy and rights > Active Labor party: Party.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Spending > Goods and services expense > Current LCU: Goods and services include all government payments in exchange for goods and services used for the production of market and nonmarket goods and services. Own-account capital formation is excluded.
Republic establishment date: The date on which each country (or its precursor) changed its form of government to a republic. In a republic, the power resides in the country’s people, the government and legislature is elected and the country is ruled according to its laws.
Trademarks > Nonresidents: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment.
Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number: Procedures to enforce a contract (number). Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer.
Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number per million: Procedures to register property (number). Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours: Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions.
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
Procedures to build a warehouse > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
Key ministers > Justice: Minister of Justice, 2005
Diplomatic representation from the US > Consulate(s) general: This entry includes the chief of mission, embassy address, mailing address, telephone number, FAX number, branch office locations, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
Diplomatic representation from the US > FAX: This entry includes the chief of mission, embassy address, mailing address, telephone number, FAX number, branch office locations, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
Diplomatic representation in the US > Telephone: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
Diplomatic representation in the US > FAX: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant LCU: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant local currency.
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Trademarks > Residents > Per capita: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Time to resolve insolvency > Years: Time to resolve insolvency is the number of years from the filing for insolvency in court until the resolution of distressed assets.
Procedures to register property > Number per million: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Annual % growth: Annual percentage growth of general government final consumption expenditure based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. General government final consumption expenditure (general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation.
Time required to register property > Days: Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property.
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments > %: Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%). Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women.
Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > % of expense: Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organisations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind."
Democracy and rights > Next election: Next election.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Spending > Interest payments > % of revenue: Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents."
Diplomatic representation in the US > Consulate(s) general: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
Key ministers > Agriculture: Minister of Agriculture, 2005
Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Procedures to enforce a contract > Number: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer.
Legislature (parliament) > Total members of parliament: Number of members of the legislature (sum of members of all chambers of parliament where applicable).

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STAT	Brazil	Italy
Administrative divisions	26 states (estados, singular - estado) and 1 federal district* (distrito federal); Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Distrito Federal*, Espirito Santo, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Para, Paraiba, Parana, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe, Tocantins	15 regions (regioni, singular - regione) and 5 autonomous regions (regioni autonome, singular - regione autonoma)<br /><strong>regions:</strong> Abruzzo, Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, Emilia-Romagna, Lazio (Latium), Liguria, Lombardia, Marche, Molise, Piemonte (Piedmont), Puglia (Apulia), Toscana (Tuscany), Umbria, Veneto (Venetia)<br /><strong>autonomous regions:</strong> Friuli-Venezia Giulia; Sardegna (Sardinia); Sicilia (Sicily); Trentino-Alto Adige (Trentino-South Tyrol) or Trentino-Suedtirol (German); Valle d'Aosta (Aosta Valley) or Vallee d'Aoste (French)
Capital city > Geographic coordinates	15 47 S, 47 55 W	41 54 N, 12 29 E
Capital city > Name	Brasilia	Rome
Constitution	several previous; latest ratified 5 October 1988; amended many times, last in 2012	previous 1848 (originally for Kingdom of Sardinia and adopted by Kingdom of Italy in 1861); latest enacted 22 December 1947, adopted 27 December 1947, entered into force 1 January 1948; amended many times, last in 2012
Diplomatic representation from the US > Mailing address	Unit 7500, DPO, AA 34030	PSC 59, Box 100, APO AE 09624
Executive branch > Cabinet	Cabinet appointed by the president	Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister and nominated by the President of the Republic
Executive branch > Chief of state	President Dilma ROUSSEFF (since 1 January 2011); Vice President Michel TEMER (since 1 January 2011)	President Giorgio NAPOLITANO (since 15 May 2006)
Executive branch > Head of government	President Dilma ROUSSEFF (since 1 January 2011); Vice President Michel TEMER (since 1 January 2011)	Prime Minister Enrico LETTA (since 17 April 2013)
Government type	federal republic	republic
Judicial branch	Supreme Federal Tribunal or STF (11 ministers are appointed for life by the president and confirmed by the Senate); Superior Tribunal of Justice or STJ; Superior Electoral Tribunal or TSE; Regional Federal Tribunals (judges are appointed for life)	Constitutional Court or Corte Costituzionale (composed of 15 judges: one-third appointed by the president, one-third elected by parliament, one-third elected by the ordinary and administrative Supreme Courts); Supreme Court of Cassation or Corte Suprema di Cassazione
Legal system	civil law	civil law system; judicial review under certain conditions in Constitutional Court
Legislative branch	bicameral National Congress or Congresso Nacional consists of the Federal Senate or Senado Federal (81 seats; 3 members from each state and federal district elected according to the principle of majority to serve eight-year terms; one-third and two-thirds elected every four years, alternately) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camara dos Deputados (513 seats; members are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms)	bicameral Parliament or Parlamento consists of the Senate or Senato della Repubblica (315 seats; members elected by proportional vote with the winning coalition in each region receiving 55% of seats from that region; members to serve five-year terms; and up to 5 senators for life appointed by the president of the Republic) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camera dei Deputati (630 seats; members elected by popular vote with the winning national coalition receiving 54% of chamber seats; members to serve five-year terms); note - it has not been clarified if each president has the power to designate up to five senators or if five is the number of senators for life who might sit in the Senate
Political parties and leaders	Brazilian Communist Party or PCB [Ivan Martins PINHEIRO]<br />Brazilian Democratic Movement Party or PMDB [Valdir RAUPP, acting]<br />Brazilian Labor Party or PTB [Benito GAMA, acting]<br />Brazilian Renewal Labor Party or PRTB [Jose Levy FIDELIX da Cruz]<br />Brazilian Republican Party or PRB [Marcos Antonio PEREIRA]<br />Brazilian Social Democracy Party or PSDB [Sergio GUERRA]<br />Brazilian Socialist Party or PSB [Eduardo CAMPOS]<br />Christian Labor Party or PTC [Daniel TOURINHO]<br />Christian Social Democratic Party or PSDC [Jose Maria EYMAEL]<br />Communist Party of Brazil or PCdoB [Jose Renato RABELO]<br />Democratic Labor Party or PDT [Carlos Roberto LUPI]<br />the Democrats or DEM [Jose AGRIPINO] (formerly Liberal Front Party or PFL)<br />Free Homeland Party or PPL [Sergio Rubens de Araujo TORRES]<br />Green Party or PV [Jose Luiz PENNA]<br />Humanist Party of Solidarity or PHS [Eduardo Machado e Silva RODRIGUES]<br />Labor Party of Brazil or PTB [Luis Henrique de Oliveira RESENDE]<br />National Ecologic Party or PEN [Adilson Barroso OLIVEIRA]<br />National Labor Party or PTN [Jose Masci de ABREU]<br />National Mobilization Party or PMN [Oscar Noronha FILHO]<br />Party of the Republic or PR [Alfredo NASCIMENTO]<br />Popular Socialist Party or PPS [Roberto Joao PEREIRA FREIRE]<br />Progressive Party or PP [Francisco DORNELLES]<br />Progressive Republican Party or PRP [Ovasco Roma Altimari RESENDE]<br />Social Christian Party or PSC [Vitor Jorge Abdala NOSSEIS]<br />Social Democratic Party (Partido Social Democratico) or PSD [Gilberto KASSAB]<br />Social Liberal Party or PSL [Luciano Caldas BIVAR]<br />Socialism and Freedom Party (Partido Socialismo e Liberdade) or PSOL [Ivan VALENTE]<br />United Socialist Workers' Party or PSTU [Jose Maria DE ALMEIDA]<br />Workers' Cause Party or PCO [Rui Costa PIMENTA]<br />Workers' Party or PT [Rui FALCAO]	<strong>Center-right coalition [Silvio BERLUSCONI]: </strong><br />People of Freedom or PdL [Silvio BERLUSCONI]<br />Northern League or LN [Roberto MARONI]<br />Brothers of Italy or Fdl [Giorgia MELONI and Ignazio LA RUSSA]<br />The Right or LD [Francesco STORACE]<br />other minor parties<br /><br /><strong>Italy Common Good (Center-Left) [Pier Luigi BERSANI]:</strong><br />Democratic Party or PD [Pier Luigi BERSANI]<br />Left Ecology Freedom or SEL [Nichi VENDOLA]<br />Italian Socialist Party or PSI [Riccardo NENCINI]<br />Democratic Centre or CD [Bruno TABACCI and Massimo DONADI]<br />South Tyrolean People's Party or SVP [Luis DURNWALDER]<br /><br /><strong>With Monti for Italy (Centrist):</strong><br />Civic Choice or SC [Mario MONTI]<br />Union of the Center or UdC [Pier Ferdinando CASINI]<br />Future and Freedom for Italy or FLI [Gianfranco FINI]<br /><br /><strong>other coalitions and parties:</strong><br />Civil Revolution or RC [Antonio INGROIA]<br />Act to Stop the Decline or FiD [Oscar GIANNINO]<br />Five Star Movment or M5S [Beppe GRILLO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Landless Workers' Movement or MST<br /><strong>other:</strong> industrial federations; labor unions and federations; large farmers' associations; religious groups including evangelical Christian churches and the Catholic Church	manufacturers and merchants associations - Confcommercio; Confindustria<br />organized farm groups - Confcoltivatori; Confagricoltura; Roman Catholic Church<br />three major trade union confederations - Confederazione Generale Italiana del Lavoro or CGIL [Susanna CAMUSSO] which is left wing; Confederazione Italiana dei Sindacati Lavoratori or CISL [Raffaele BONANNI], which is Roman Catholic centrist; Unione Italiana del Lavoro or UIL [Luigi ANGELETTI] which is lay centrist
Suffrage	voluntary between 16 to under 18 years of age and over 70; compulsory 18 to 70 years of age	18 years of age; universal (except in senatorial elections, where minimum age is 25)
International organization participation	AfDB (nonregional member), BIS, BRICS, CAN (associate), CD, CELAC, CPLP, FAO, FATF, G-15, G-20, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, LAS (observer), Mercosur, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS, OECD (Enhanced Engagement, OPANAL, OPCW, Paris Club (associate), PCA, SICA (observer), UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNMIT, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO	ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CD, CDB, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-20, G-7, G-8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNMISS, UNMOGIP, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Country name > Conventional long form	Federative Republic of Brazil	Italian Republic
Civil law system	Based on Portuguese civil law	Based on codified Roman law , with elements of the Napoleonic civil code ; civil code of 1942 replaced the original one of 1865
Executive branch > Elections	president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a single four-year term; election last held on 3 October 2010 with runoff on 31 October 2010 (next to be held on 5 October 2014 and, if necessary, a runoff election on 2 November 2014)	president elected by an electoral college consisting of both houses of parliament and 58 regional representatives for a seven-year term (no term limits); election last held on 24-25 February 2013 (next to be held in 2020); prime minister appointed by the president and confirmed by parliament
National symbol(s)	Southern Cross constellation	white, five-pointed star (Stella d'Italia)
Flag description	green with a large yellow diamond in the center bearing a blue celestial globe with 27 white five-pointed stars; the globe has a white equatorial band with the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order and Progress); the current flag was inspired by the banner of the former Empire of Brazil (1822-1889); on the imperial flag, the green represented the House of Braganza of Pedro I, the first Emperor of Brazil, while the yellow stood for the Habsburg Family of his wife; on the modern flag the green represents the forests of the country and the yellow rhombus its mineral wealth; the blue circle and stars, which replaced the coat of arms of the original flag, depict the sky over Rio de Janeiro on the morning of 15 November 1889 - the day the Republic of Brazil was declared; the number of stars has changed with the creation of new states and has risen from an original 21 to the current 27 (one for each state and the Federal District)	three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and red; design inspired by the French flag brought to Italy by Napoleon in 1797; colors are those of Milan (red and white) combined with the green uniform color of the Milanese civic guard
Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days	107.5 Ranked 4th. 18 times more than Italy	6 Ranked 161st.
Country name > Conventional short form	Brazil	Italy
Constitutional form	Republic	Republic
Transnational Issues > Disputes > International	uncontested boundary dispute between Brazil and Uruguay over Braziliera/Brasiliera Island in the Quarai/Cuareim River leaves the tripoint with Argentina in question; smuggling of firearms and narcotics continues to be an issue along the Uruguay-Brazil border; Colombian-organized illegal narcotics and paramilitary activities penetrate Brazil's border region with Venezuela	Italy's long coastline and developed economy entices tens of thousands of illegal immigrants from southeastern Europe and northern Africa
Total businesses registered > Number	1.37 million Ranked 15th.	5.9 million Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Brazil
National anthem	<strong>name: </strong>"Hino Nacional Brasileiro" (Brazilian National Anthem)<br /><strong>lyrics/music:</strong> Joaquim Osorio Duque ESTRADA/Francisco Manoel DA SILVA	<strong>name: </strong>"Il Canto degli Italiani" (The Song of the Italians)<br /><strong>lyrics/music:</strong> Goffredo MAMELI/Michele NOVARO
FAX	55	39
Legislative branch > Election results	Federal Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PMDB 20, PT 13, PSDB 10, DEM (formerly PFL) 7, PTdoB 6, PP 5, PDT 4, PR 4, PSB 4, PPS 1, PRB 1, other 3; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PT 87, PMDB 80, PSDB 53, DEM (formerly PFL) 43, PP 41, PR 41, PSB 34, PDT 28, PTdoB 21, PSC 17, PCdoB 15, PV 15, PPS 12, other 26	Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Pier Luigi BERSANI coalition 123 (PD 111, SEL 7, SVP 2, other 3), Silvio BERLUSCONI coalition 117 (PdL 98, LN 18, other 1), M5S 54, Mario MONTI coalition 19, other 2; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Pier Luigi BERSANI coalition 345 (PD 297, SEL 37, CD 6 SVP 5), Silvio BERLUSCONI coalition 125 (PdL 98, LN 18, FdI 9), M5S 109, Mario MONTI coalition 47, other 4
Legislative branch > Elections	Federal Senate - last held on 3 October 2010 for two-thirds of the Senate (next to be held in October 2014 for one-third of the Senate); Chamber of Deputies - last held on 3 October 2010 (next to be held in October 2014)	Senate - last held on 24-25 February 2013 (next to be held in 2018); Chamber of Deputies - last held on 24-25 February 2013 (next to be held in 2018)
Democracy and rights > Press freedom index	32.75 Ranked 71st. 25% more than Italy	26.11 Ranked 6th.
Parliament > Seats held by women > Percentage	8.58% Ranked 156th.	21.43% Ranked 73th. 2 times more than Brazil
Independence	7 September 1822 (from Portugal)	17 March 1861 (Kingdom of Italy proclaimed; Italy was not finally unified until 1870)
Executive branch > Election results	Dilma ROUSSEFF (PT) elected president in a runoff election; percent of vote - Dilma ROUSSEFF 56.01%, Jose SERRA (PSDB) 43.99%	Giorgio NAPOLITANO elected president on the sixth round of voting; electoral college vote - 739
Judicial branch > Subordinate courts	Federal Appeals Court, Superior Court of Justice, Superior Electoral Court, regional federal courts; state court system	various lower civil and criminal courts (primary and secondary tribunals, courts, and courts of appeal)
Basis of executive legitimacy	Presidency is independent of legislature	Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Transnational Issues > Illicit drugs	second-largest consumer of cocaine in the world; illicit producer of cannabis; trace amounts of coca cultivation in the Amazon region, used for domestic consumption; government has a large-scale eradication program to control cannabis; important transshipment country for Bolivian, Colombian, and Peruvian cocaine headed for Europe; also used by traffickers as a way station for narcotics air transshipments between Peru and Colombia; upsurge in drug-related violence and weapons smuggling; important market for Colombian, Bolivian, and Peruvian cocaine; illicit narcotics proceeds are often laundered through the financial system; significant illicit financial activity in the Tri-Border Area	important gateway for and consumer of Latin American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin entering the European market; money laundering by organized crime and from smuggling
Country name > Local short form	Brasil	Italia
Democracy and rights > Freedom of the press	44 Ranked 104th. 33% more than Italy	33 Ranked 125th.
Corruption > Bribe Payers Index	7.4 Ranked 17th. The same as Italy	7.4 Ranked 16th.
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament	8.6% Ranked 133th.	17.3% Ranked 69th. 2 times more than Brazil
Diplomatic representation from the US > Embassy	Avenida das Nacoes, Quadra 801, Lote 3, Distrito Federal Cep 70403-900, Brasilia	Via Vittorio Veneto 121, 00187-Rome
Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number	13 Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Italy	6 Ranked 114th.
Democracy > Civil and political liberties	4 Ranked 60th.	5.5 Ranked 29th. 38% more than Brazil
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$	155.61 billion$ Ranked 7th.	357.61 billion$ Ranked 4th. 2 times more than Brazil
National holiday	Independence Day, 7 September	Republic Day, 2 June
Capital > Geographic coordinates	15 47 S, 47 55 W	41 54 N, 12 29 E
Democracy > First female parliamentarian	1933 (elected)	1946 (elected)
Time required to start a business > Days	152 days Ranked 6th. 12 times more than Italy	13 days Ranked 150th.
Leaders > President	Dilma Rousseff	Giorgio Napolitano
Democracy > Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment	0.927 Ranked 149th.	0.995 Ranked 51st. 7% more than Brazil
Judicial branch > Judge selection and term of office	justices appointed by the president and approved by the Federal Senate; justices appointed to serve until mandatory retirement at age 70	Supreme Court judges appointed by the Superior Council of the Judiciary, headed by the president, to serve NA terms; Constitutional Court judges - 5 appointed by the president, 5 elected by parliament, 5 elected by select higher courts; judges serve up to 9 years)
Red tape > Burden of customs procedure, WEF > 1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient	3.1 Ranked 129th.	4.1 Ranked 71st. 32% more than Brazil
Red tape > Time required to register property > Days	30 Ranked 105th. 88% more than Italy	16 Ranked 145th.
International law organization participation	has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction	has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Parliament > Seats held by men	469 Ranked 7th.	495 Ranked 4th. 6% more than Brazil
Country name > Local long form	Republica Federativa do Brasil	Repubblica Italiana
Red tape > Time to resolve insolvency > Years	4 Ranked 24th. 2 times more than Italy	1.8 Ranked 131st.
Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million	0.0654 Ranked 175th.	0.0985 Ranked 167th. 51% more than Brazil
Diplomatic representation in the US > Chancery	None	None
Diplomatic representation from the US > Chief of mission	Ambassador Liliana AYALDE (since 1 August 2013)	Ambassador John R. PHILLIPS (since 16 August 2013)
Diplomatic representation in the US > Chief of mission	Ambassador Mauro Luiz Iecker VIEIRA (since 11 January 2010)	Ambassador Claudio BISOGNIERO (since 13 January 2012)
Diplomatic representation from the US > Telephone	[55] (61) 3312-7000	[39] (06) 46741
Parliament > Seats held by women	44 Ranked 53th.	135 Ranked 13th. 3 times more than Brazil
Leaders > President > Summary	Ms Rousseff made a major leap to the top job when she became president in 2010	President Giorgio Napolitano has been a stabilising influence on Italian political life
Democracy > Democratic institutions rating	8 Ranked 42nd.	10 Ranked 21st. 25% more than Brazil
UN membership date	24 Oct. 1945	14 Dec. 1955
Total businesses registered > Number per 1000	7.51 Ranked 46th.	102.51 Ranked 6th. 14 times more than Brazil
Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number	15 Ranked 76th. 36% more than Italy	11 Ranked 151st.
Capital city	Brasilia	Rome
Capital > Name	Brasilia	Rome
Legal origin	<a href=/country/fr>French</a>	<a href=/country/fr>French</a>
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita	834.77$ per capita Ranked 43th.	6,101.91$ per capita Ranked 13th. 7 times more than Brazil
Spending > Expense > Current LCU	723.08 billion Ranked 24th. 15% more than Italy	631.13 billion Ranked 29th.
Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days	58 Ranked 147th.	124 Ranked 56th. 2 times more than Brazil
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Registered voter turnout	0.0 Ranked 152nd.	81.4% Ranked 36th.
Legislature (parliament) > People per member	323,158 Ranked 9th. 5 times more than Italy	63,411 Ranked 52nd.
Democracy and rights > Year women first voted at national level	1932	1946
Capital > Time difference	UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
International relations	Brazil wants a permanent seat at the UN Security Council; relations with Bolivia suffered in 2006 over access to Bolivian gas	Italian forces have been active in peacekeeping in the Balkans, Africa and Middle East, and are present in Afghanistan
Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days per million	0.292 Ranked 183th.	2.04 Ranked 159th. 7 times more than Brazil
Legislature (parliament) > Upper house members	81 Ranked 27th.	315 Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Brazil
Democracy > Female ministers	0.0 Ranked 116th.	25.6% Ranked 26th.
Legislature (parliament) > Lower house members	513 Ranked 14th.	630 Ranked 5th. 23% more than Brazil
Leaders > Head of state > Term limit for head of state	4 Ranked 126th.	7 Ranked 8th. 75% more than Brazil
Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days	731 Ranked 44th.	1,185 Ranked 17th. 62% more than Brazil
Democracy > Female parliamentarians	6.7% Ranked 123th.	9.1% Ranked 102nd. 36% more than Brazil
Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number	14 Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Italy	4 Ranked 158th.
Leaders > President > Profile	<p>Dilma Rousseff is the first woman to be elected as Brazil's president. </p> <p>She was chief of staff to her predecessor, president Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, and also his favoured successor. </p> <p>In the October 2010 elections to succeed President Lula, she narrowly failed to win an outright majority in the first round. </p> <p>The result meant Ms Rousseff faced the second-placed candidate, Sao Paolo mayor Jose Serra of the main opposition Social Democracy party, in a run-off vote on 31 October. </p> <p>Ms Rousseff, 62, was little known to her compatriots until Mr Lula selected her as his favoured successor after a number of high-profile candidates were forced out by corruption scandals during his time in office. </p> <p>She joined the government in 2003 as energy minister. In 2005, Mr Lula made her his chief of staff, a post she held until March 2010, when she launched her campaign for the presidency as the Workers Party (PT) candidate. </p> <p>During the election campaign, Ms Rousseff made it clear that she represented continuity with the Lula government, under which millions of Brazilians saw their standard of living rise. </p> <p>She is known to favour a strong state role in strategic areas, including banking, the oil industry and energy.</p> <p>In 2013, she faced her biggest challenge so far, when people took to the streets in cities throughout the country to protest against corruption, inadequate public services and the expense of staging the 2014 football World Cup.</p> <p>Dilma Rousseff was born in 1947 and grew up in an upper middle class household in Belo Horizonte, in the coffee-growing state of Minas Gerais. </p> <p>Her father, Pedro Rousseff, was a Bulgarian immigrant. </p> <p>Her seemingly conventional background changed in the mid-1960s, when she was in her late teens. She became involved in left-wing politics and joined the underground resistance to the military dictatorship that seized power in 1964. </p> <p>She has said that she was never actively involved in armed operations, but in 1970 she was jailed for three years and reportedly tortured. </p> <p>After her release at the end of 1972 she studied economics and went on to become a career civil servant. </p> <p>Ms Rousseff is twice divorced and has one daughter.</p> <p>In 2009, she was treated for and recovered from lymphatic cancer. </p>	<p>Giorgio Napolitano was re-elected as president of Italy in April 2013 - the first time in the history of the Italian republic that an incumbent president had been voted in to serve a second term.</p> <p>The 87-years-old Mr Napolitano had previously signalled that he was keen to retire and had ruled himself out as a candidate, but after five rounds of voting failed to elect a new president, he was prevailed upon to stand as a consensus candidate in the sixth round.</p> <p>In that ballot, he secured 738 votes out of a possible total of 1,007 that could be cast by the combined chambers of parliament.</p> <p>Mr Napolitano's re-election came in the wake of an inconclusive parliamentary election in February 2013 that gave rise to protracted negotiations over the formation of a new government.</p> <p>During this period, the president came to be seen as a guarantor of stability. However, those pushing for change and a radical shake-up of the old political class saw Mr Napolitano's re-election as a further sign of political stagnation.</p> <p>Giorgio Napolitano began his first term of office in May 2006, when he was sworn in as Italy's 11th post-war president.</p> <p>The former member of the Italian Communist Party was among the leading architects of the party's transformation into a social-democratic movement.</p> <p>The Italian president heads the armed forces and has powers to veto legislation, disband parliament and call elections.</p> <p>For most of his first term, Mr Napolitano preferred to remain distant from the often treacherous world of Italian parliamentary politics, and so when he did intervene directly - as happened in November 2011, when he issued a not-so-coded message to the political class to examine its conscience and acknowledge collective responsibility for the crisis facing the country - his words carried considerable weight.</p>
Role of head of state	Executive	Ceremonial
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita	835.95$ Ranked 42nd.	6,101.91$ Ranked 13th. 7 times more than Brazil
Start-up procedures to register a business > Number	17 Ranked 4th. 89% more than Italy	9 Ranked 93th.
Red tape > Burden of customs procedure, WEF > 1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient per million	0.0156 Ranked 140th.	0.0673 Ranked 121st. 4 times more than Brazil
Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong	3 Ranked 127th. The same as Italy	3 Ranked 143th.
Spending > Compensation of employees > Current LCU	130.83 billion Ranked 27th. 34% more than Italy	97.33 billion Ranked 31st.
Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU	375.68 billion Ranked 23th.	411.71 billion Ranked 22nd. 10% more than Brazil
Legislature (parliament) > Term of office for upper house members	8 Ranked 3rd. 60% more than Italy	5 Ranked 39th.
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	0.195$ per $1 of GDP Ranked 37th.	0.203$ per $1 of GDP Ranked 31st. 4% more than Brazil
Parliament > Seats held by women per million people	0.219 Ranked 176th.	2.2 Ranked 121st. 10 times more than Brazil
Foreign relations > Nepal > Date of Establishment	February 7, 1976	August 31, 1959
Democracy > Female suffrage	1934	1945
Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days	400 Ranked 6th. 71% more than Italy	233.5 Ranked 35th.
Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days per million	0.599 Ranked 137th. 6 times more than Italy	0.0985 Ranked 182nd.
Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million	0.221 Ranked 183th.	0.607 Ranked 165th. 3 times more than Brazil
Red tape > Time required to register property > Days per million	0.154 Ranked 175th.	0.41 Ranked 161st. 3 times more than Brazil
Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million	0.0755 Ranked 178th.	0.181 Ranked 167th. 2 times more than Brazil
Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days per million	2.16 Ranked 166th.	3.83 Ranked 155th. 77% more than Brazil
Capital > Daylight saving time	+1hr, begins third Sunday in October; ends third Sunday in February	+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Total businesses registered > Number > Per capita	7.53 per 1,000 people Ranked 47th.	102.51 per 1,000 people Ranked 6th. 14 times more than Brazil
Spending > Interest payments > Current LCU	108.56 billion Ranked 16th. 44% more than Italy	75.59 billion Ranked 18th.
Foreign relations > Diplomatic representation in the US > Ambassador	Vieira, Mauro Mauro Vieira	Bisogniero, Claudio Claudio Bisogniero
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ > Per capita	648.77 constant 2000 US$ per c Ranked 37th.	3,794.89 constant 2000 US$ per c Ranked 14th. 6 times more than Brazil
Time required to build a warehouse > Days	460 days Ranked 7th. 62% more than Italy	284 days Ranked 27th.
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population	102.8 million Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Italy	47.33 million Ranked 12th.
Democracy > Female candidacy	1,934 Ranked 111th.	1,945 Ranked 101st. 1% more than Brazil
Trademarks > Nonresidents > Per capita	0.074 per 1,000 people Ranked 47th.	0.143 per 1,000 people Ranked 43th. 93% more than Brazil
Trademarks > Nonresidents per 1000	0.0737 Ranked 51st.	0.143 Ranked 44th. 94% more than Brazil
Foreign relations > Croatia > Date of Establishment	December 23, 1992	January 17, 1992
National anthem > Name	"Hino Nacional Brasileiro" (Brazilian National Anthem)	"Il Canto degli Italiani" (The Song of the Italians)
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voter registration	115.25 million Ranked 4th. 2 times more than Italy	49.36 million Ranked 12th.
Democracy > Compulsory voting > Penalty	Fine (Voluntary for illiterates and those over 70.)	other (-)
Start-up procedures to register a business > Number > Per capita	0.09 per 1 million people Ranked 159th.	0.154 per 1 million people Ranked 146th. 71% more than Brazil
Time required to enforce a contract > Days	616 days Ranked 50th.	1,210 days Ranked 10th. 96% more than Brazil
Procedures to register property > Number	14 Ranked 3rd. 75% more than Italy	8 Ranked 37th.
Procedures to build a warehouse > Number	19 Ranked 51st. 12% more than Italy	17 Ranked 84th.
Key ministers > Defence	Jose Alencar	Antonio Martino (FI)
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population per 1000	565.62 Ranked 75th.	821.68 Ranked 7th. 45% more than Brazil
Foreign relations > Date of establishment of relations with China	August 15, 1974	November 6, 1970
Key ministers > Health	Humberto Costa	Francesco Storace (AN)
Key ministers > Culture	Gilberto Gil	Rocco Buttiglione (UDC)
Key ministers > Environment	Marina da Silva	Altero Matteoli (AN)
Capital city > Time difference	UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Spending > Goods and services expense > % of expense	12.82% Ranked 43th. 3 times more than Italy	3.82% Ranked 85th.
Democracy and rights > Last election	October 2010	February 2013
Parliament > Seats held by men per million people	2.33 Ranked 178th.	8.05 Ranked 129th. 3 times more than Brazil
Spending > Compensation of employees > % of expense	18.09% Ranked 56th. 17% more than Italy	15.42% Ranked 63th.
Spending > Interest payments > % of expense	15.01% Ranked 10th. 25% more than Italy	11.98% Ranked 12th.
Spending > Other expense > % of expense	2.11% Ranked 74th.	5.21% Ranked 51st. 2 times more than Brazil
Spending > Other expense > Current LCU	15.29 billion Ranked 37th.	32.86 billion Ranked 29th. 2 times more than Brazil
Trademarks > Residents per million	451.72 Ranked 32nd.	692.97 Ranked 25th. 53% more than Brazil
Ruling party	Workers' Party	Democrat / NCD
Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million	0.101 Ranked 159th.	0.288 Ranked 146th. 3 times more than Brazil
Spending > Expense > % of GDP	24.06% Ranked 52nd.	40.25% Ranked 13th. 67% more than Brazil
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current LCU	378745000000	287558000000
Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million	0.223 Ranked 161st.	0.679 Ranked 141st. 3 times more than Brazil
Legislature (parliament) > Term of office for lower house members	4 Ranked 121st.	5 Ranked 74th. 25% more than Brazil
Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days per million	3.68 Ranked 179th.	19.45 Ranked 146th. 5 times more than Brazil
Trademarks > Residents	81,036 Ranked 5th. 2 times more than Italy	39,459 Ranked 11th.
Procedures to register property > Number > Per capita	0.074 per 1 million people Ranked 152nd.	0.137 per 1 million people Ranked 139th. 85% more than Brazil
Procedures to enforce a contract > Number > Per capita	0.223 per 1 million people Ranked 162nd.	0.683 per 1 million people Ranked 142nd. 3 times more than Brazil
Democracy and rights > Active Labor party	Brazilian Labour Party Brazilian Labour Renewal Party Democratic Labour Party National Labour Party Social Labour Party	Labour Federation
Spending > Goods and services expense > Current LCU	92.72 billion Ranked 25th. 4 times more than Italy	24.09 billion Ranked 44th.
Republic establishment date	November 15, 1889	June 12, 1946
Foreign relations of Pope Pius XII > Nuncios > Ambassador	Ildebrando Accioly<br>Mauricio Nabuco (ante 1948)	Jesuit Father Taochi Venturi served as "private envoy" to Mussolini.(New York Times. 1940, March 24. "Mussolini Strains Ties with Vatican". p. 56.)\|group="n"}}<br>Bernardo Attolico (1940-1943){{#tag:ref\|Attolico succeeded Alfieri on May 29, 1940 in an unusually simple ceremony.(New York Times. 1940, May 30. "New Envoy of Italy Confers with Pontiff". p. 5.)\|group="n"}}<br>Galeazzo Ciano (1943){{#tag:ref\|Mussolini's son-in-law, Ciano, replaced Attolico on February 7, 1943.(New York Times. 1943, February 8. "Italy Names Ciano Envoy to Vatican". p. 3.) After Germany recalled Diego von Bergen, Ciano's presentation of credentials was postponed indefinitely.(Daniel T. Brigham. 1943, February 28. "Germany Recalls Envoy to Vatican". p. 17.)\|group="n"}}
Trademarks > Nonresidents	13,218 Ranked 8th. 62% more than Italy	8,135 Ranked 16th.
National anthem > Note	music adopted 1890, lyrics adopted 1922; the anthem's music, composed in 1822, was used unofficially for many years before it was adopted	adopted 1946; the anthem, originally written in 1847, is also known as "L'Inno di Mameli" (Mameli's Hymn), and "Fratelli D'Italia" (Brothers of Italy)
Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number	44 Ranked 32nd. 19% more than Italy	37 Ranked 108th.
Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number per million	0.0705 Ranked 171st.	0.0821 Ranked 168th. 16% more than Brazil
Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours	2,600 hours Ranked 1st. 7 times more than Italy	360 hours Ranked 46th.
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$	120.93 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 7th.	222.41 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 5th. 84% more than Brazil
Procedures to build a warehouse > Number > Per capita	0.101 per 1 million people Ranked 160th.	0.29 per 1 million people Ranked 146th. 3 times more than Brazil
FAX > Consulate(s)	Recife	Detroit
Key ministers > Justice	Marcio Thomaz Bastos	Roberto Castelli (Lega Nord)
Diplomatic representation from the US > Consulate(s) general	Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo	Florence, Milan, Naples
Diplomatic representation from the US > FAX	[55] (61) 3225-9136	[39] (06) 4674-2244
Diplomatic representation in the US > Telephone	[1] (202) 238-2805	[1] (202) 612-4400
Diplomatic representation in the US > FAX	[1] (202) 238-2827	[1] (202) 518-2154
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant LCU	167648900000	241400500000
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	649.69 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 37th.	3,794.89 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 14th. 6 times more than Brazil
Trademarks > Residents > Per capita	0.453 per 1,000 people Ranked 29th.	0.693 per 1,000 people Ranked 24th. 53% more than Brazil
Time to resolve insolvency > Years	4 years Ranked 35th. 3 times more than Italy	1.2 years Ranked 133th.
Procedures to register property > Number per million	0.0744 Ranked 151st.	0.136 Ranked 139th. 82% more than Brazil
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Annual % growth	1.56% Ranked 77th. 34% more than Italy	1.16% Ranked 86th.
Time required to register property > Days	47 days Ranked 87th. 74% more than Italy	27 days Ranked 121st.
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments > %	8.6% Ranked 156th.	31.4% Ranked 34th. 4 times more than Brazil
Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > % of expense	51.96% Ranked 35th.	65.23% Ranked 18th. 26% more than Brazil
Democracy and rights > Next election	October 2014	February 2018
Spending > Interest payments > % of revenue	15.19% Ranked 8th. 19% more than Italy	12.81% Ranked 11th.
Diplomatic representation in the US > Consulate(s) general	Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco	Boston, Chicago, Houston, Miami, New York, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, San Francisco
Key ministers > Agriculture	Roberto Rodrigues	Giovanni Alemanno (AN)
FAX > Consulate(s) general	Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo	Milan, Naples
Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million	0.0904 Ranked 157th.	0.153 Ranked 145th. 69% more than Brazil
Procedures to enforce a contract > Number	42 Ranked 43th. 5% more than Italy	40 Ranked 54th.
Legislature (parliament) > Total members of parliament	594 Ranked 21st.	948 Ranked 3rd. 60% more than Brazil

SOURCES: CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; Wikipedia: List of national legal systems (Civil law); World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/).; Wikipedia: List of countries by system of government (Alphabetical list of countries); All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; World Development Indicators database; Wikipedia: Censorship by country (Censorship by country) ("Press Freedom Index 2013" , Reporters Without Borders, 30 January 2013); United Nations Statistics Division; "2012 Freedom of the Press Data" , Freedom House, 1 May 2012; Wikipedia: Bribe Payers Index; Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2000-2001, New York: Freedom House, 2001; IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 1995. Women in Parliaments 1945-1995: A World Statistical Survey. Geneva and IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2001. Correspondence on year women received the right to vote and to stand for election and year first woman was elected or appointed to parliament. March. Geneva.; British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; Source: Millennium Development Goals Database | United Nations Statistics Division; World Economic Forum, Global Competiveness Report and data files.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Polity IV Project, University of Maryland, at Polity IV Project; United Nations World Statistics Pocketbook and Statistical Yearbook; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbook, 28 July 2005; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2003; Wikipedia: List of legislatures by number of members; Wikipedia: Women's suffrage (Summary); IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2001. Correspondence on women in government at the ministerial level. March. Geneva; Wikipedia: Term of office (Terms of office by country); calculated on the basis of data on parliamentary seats from IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2002. Parline Database. March 2002; World Economic Forum, Global Competiveness Report and data files. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Foreign relations of Nepal; IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 1995. Women in Parliaments 1945-1995: A World Statistical Survey. Geneva and IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2001. Correspondence on year women received the right to vote and to stand for election and year first woman was elected or appointed to parliament. March. Geneva; Wikipedia: List of ambassadors to the United States; Wikipedia: Foreign relations of Croatia; Economist Intelligence Unit; Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2003. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dates_of_establishment_of_diplomatic_relations_with_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China; Wikipedia: List of next general elections (Africa); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.; Wikipedia: List of Labour Parties (Active Labor parties); Wikipedia: List of countries by date of transition to republican system of government (List); Wikipedia: Foreign relations of Pope Pius XII; Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) (www.ipu.org)

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